Hypermethylation-associated downregulation of microRNA-4456 in hypersexual disorder with putative influence on oxytocin signalling: A DNA methylation analysis of miRNA genes.

Hypersexual disorder (HD) was proposed as a diagnosis in the DSM-5 and the classification 'Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder' is now presented as an impulse-control disorder in ICD-11. HD incorporates several pathophysiological mechanisms; including impulsivity, compulsivity, sexual desire dysregulation and sexual addiction. No previous study investigated HD in a methylation analysis limited to microRNA (miRNA) associated CpG-sites.

Is single versus combination therapy problematic in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma?

: The development of immunotherapies and targeted therapies has changed the treatment approach in resectable, nonresectable, and metastatic melanoma. Because of their different pharmacological profiles, immunotherapies and/or targeted therapies have been studied in various combinations. : We reviewed PubMed for most important clinical trials investigating efficacy and tolerability of combinatorial and single-agent approaches for the treatment of melanoma that were published up to June 2019.

The World of Melanoma: Epidemiologic, Genetic, and Anatomic Differences of Melanoma Across the Globe.

Purpose Of Review: As cancer remains an increasing problem in industrial countries, the incidence of melanoma has risen rapidly in many populations during the last decades and still continues to rise. Current strategies aiming to control the disease have largely focused on improving the understanding of the interplay of causal factors for this cancer.

Recent Findings: Cutaneous melanoma shows clear differences in incidence, mortality, genomic profile, and anatomic presentation, depending on the country of residence, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

A MIR4646 associated methylation locus is hypomethylated in adolescent depression.

Background: Studies of epigenetics and transcriptional activity in adolescents may provide knowledge about possible preventive strategies of depression.

Methods: We present a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) and cohort validation analysis of depression in adolescents, in two separate cohorts: discovery (n=93) and validation data set 1 (n=78). The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured from whole blood using the Illumina 450K array.

Development, implementation and outcome analysis of semi-automated alerts for metformin dose adjustment in hospitalized patients with renal impairment.

Purpose: Overdosing of the oral antidiabetic metformin in impaired renal function is an important contributory cause to life-threatening lactic acidosis. The presented project aimed to quantify and prevent this avoidable medication error in clinical practice.

Methods: We developed and implemented an algorithm into a hospital's clinical information system that prospectively identifies metformin prescriptions if the estimated glomerular filtration rate is below 60 mL/min.

Chenodeoxycholic acid significantly impacts the expression of miRNAs and genes involved in lipid, bile acid and drug metabolism in human hepatocytes.

Aims: Bile acids (BAs) are important gut signaling hormones, influencing lipid, glucose, and energy homeostasis. The exact mechanisms behind these effects are not yet fully understood. Lately, they have come to the fore as putative therapeutics in metabolic diseases, such as e.

microRNA-192 suppresses the expression of the farnesoid X receptor.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) plays an important role in the regulation of bile acid homeostasis in liver and intestine and may exert protective effects against certain forms of cancer such as colon carcinoma. However, the role of FXR in cell growth regulation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis is still controversial. Similar to FXR, microRNA-192 (miR-192) is mainly expressed in the liver and colon and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colon carcinoma.