Comparison of seven popular structured dietary programmes and risk of mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients at increased cardiovascular risk: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the relative efficacy of structured named diet and health behaviour programmes (dietary programmes) for prevention of mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Data Sources: AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), Embase, Medline, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and ClinicalTrials.

How to interpret a meta-analysis?

There is an enormous and ever-growing quantity of healthcare information available and practitioners must transform it into knowledge to be able to use it in their clinical practice. Even readers who do not conduct scientific studies themselves need to understand the scientific method in detail to be able to critically evaluate scientific articles. Evidence-based healthcare (EBH) can be defined as the link between good scientific research and clinical practice and systematic reviews constitute one of the forms of research excellence proposed within EBH.

Acute graft thrombosis in patients who underwent renal transplant and received anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Thrombosis is a major cause of early allograft loss in renal transplantation. Herein, we assessed the frequency of acute graft thrombosis in patients who underwent renal transplant and received anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of all available case series studies of anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet prophylaxis of thrombosis in renal transplantation.

Causal language use in systematic reviews of observational studies is often inconsistent with intent: a systematic survey.

Objectives: We systematically evaluated causal language use in systematic reviews of observational studies and explored the relation between language use and the intent of the investigation.

Study Design And Setting: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Epistemonikos. We randomly selected 199 reviews published in 2019, stratified in a 1:1 ratio by use and nonuse of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to rating quality of evidence.

Impact of achondroplasia on Latin American patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Achondroplasia (ACH), the most common form of disproportionate short stature, is caused by a pathogenic variant in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene. Recent advances in drug therapy for ACH have highlighted the importance of elucidating the natural history and socioeconomic burden of this condition. Recognition that there are many potential issues for the patient with ACH is the first step in planning cost-effective interventions in Latin America (LATAM), a vast geographic territory comprising countries with multicultural characteristics and wide socioeconomic differences.

Probiotics for the treatment of depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background & Aim: Probiotics in the gut have been suggested to have a beneficial effect on anxiety response and depressive disorder. Hence we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the effects of probiotics associated with or without pharmacological or psychological therapies in patients with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms or disorders.

Methods: We conducted searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, LILACS, and Web of Science up to February 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of probiotics associated with or without pharmacological or psychological therapies for patient-important outcomes including relief of depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, cognitive functions, adverse events and quality of life.

Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Purpose: Lacrimal probing is the treatment of choice for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction that does not have a spontaneous resolution; however, there is no consensus about the best time for probing and if it is superior to other therapies. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lacrimal probing compared with other treatments/no intervention to treat congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Methods: A systematic review of literature in PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, clinicaltrials.

Rectal Biopsy Technique for the Diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease (HD) depends on the histopathological analysis of rectal biopsies. This review aims to define the best rectal biopsy technique. A systematic literature review and proportional meta-analysis of the available case series studies of rectal biopsies were performed in this study.

Protective effect of fluorides on erosion and erosion/abrasion in enamel: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized in situ trials.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of different fluoride types and vehicles when compared to water or placebo, on prevention of enamel erosion and erosive tooth wear progression.

Design: A systematic review followed by meta-analysis of randomized in situ trials was conducted. PubMeb, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Scielo, EMBASE and CENTRAL electronic databases were searched.

Association between deep vein thrombosis and stent patency in symptomatic iliac vein compression syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The study intended to evaluate stent primary patency rates for patients with iliac vein obstruction related with iliac vein compression syndrome according to clinic presentation.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of studies that compared: unexposed patients with nonthrombotic iliac vein lesion (NIVL, group 1) vs exposed patients with iliac acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT, group 2); and NIVL (group 1) vs exposed patients with iliac vein obstruction and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS, group 3). The following databases were searched: EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, and LILACS.

Correction to: Methods for trustworthy nutritional recommendations NutriRECS (Nutritional Recommendations and accessible Evidence summaries Composed of Systematic reviews): a protocol.

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported a change in the 'Competing interests' section as described below.

Pelvic floor and abdominal muscle cocontraction in women with and without pelvic floor dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

There is an ongoing discussion regarding abdominal muscle (AbM) and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) synergism. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the cocontraction between AbMs and PFMs in women with or without pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). The following databases were searched up to December 21, 2018: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, PEDro and CENTRAL.

Effect of Lower Versus Higher Red Meat Intake on Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials.

Unlabelled: This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement.

Background: Few randomized trials have evaluated the effect of reducing red meat intake on clinically important outcomes.

Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption: Dietary Guideline Recommendations From the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) Consortium.

Unlabelled: This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement.

Description: Dietary guideline recommendations require consideration of the certainty in the evidence, the magnitude of potential benefits and harms, and explicit consideration of people's values and preferences.

Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for Cardiometabolic and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.

Unlabelled: This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement.

Background: Studying dietary patterns may provide insights into the potential effects of red and processed meat on health outcomes.

Reduction of Red and Processed Meat Intake and Cancer Mortality and Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.

Unlabelled: This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement.

Background: Cancer incidence has continuously increased over the past few centuries and represents a major health burden worldwide.

Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.

Unlabelled: This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement.

Background: Dietary guidelines generally recommend limiting intake of red and processed meat.

Paraquat and Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

This investigation aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine whether exposure to the herbicide paraquat was associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Observational studies that enrolled adults exposed to paraquat with PD as the outcome of interest were searched in the PubMed, Embase, LILACS, TOXNET, and Web of Science databases up to May 2019. Two authors independently selected relevant studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality.

Herbal medications for anxiety, depression, pain, nausea and vomiting related to preoperative surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To summarise the effects of herbal medications for the prevention of anxiety, depression, pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing laparoscopic, obstetrical/gynaecological or cardiovascular surgical procedures.

Methods: Searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and LILACS up until January 2018 were performed to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We included RCTs or quasi-RCTs evaluating any herbal medication among adults undergoing laparoscopic, obstetrical/gynaecological or cardiovascular surgeries.

N-acetylcysteine use among patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Cardiac surgeries are complex procedures aiming to re-establish coronary flow and correct valvular defects. Oxidative stress, caused by inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury, is associated with these procedures, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) acts as an antioxidant by replenishing the glutathione stores, and emerging evidence suggests that NAC may reduce the risk of adverse perioperative outcomes.

Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

Background: Antibiotics alter the microbial balance commonly resulting in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Probiotics may prevent AAD via providing gut barrier, restoration of the gut microflora, and other potential mechanisms of action.

Objectives: The primary objectives were to assess the efficacy and safety of probiotics (any specified strain or dose) used for the prevention of AAD in children.

Methods for trustworthy nutritional recommendations NutriRECS (Nutritional Recommendations and accessible Evidence summaries Composed of Systematic reviews): a protocol.

Background: Recent systematic reviews and editorials suggest that many organizations that produce nutritional guideline recommendations do not adhere to internationally recognized standards set forth by the Institute of Medicine (IoM), Guidelines International Network (GIN), Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE), and Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Methods: The potential solution is an independent group with content expertise and skilled in the methodology of systematic reviews and practice guidelines to produce trustworthy guideline recommendations, recommendations that are supported by publication in a top tier journal. The BMJ Rapid Recommendations project has recently demonstrated the feasibility and utility of this approach.