0.5T MRI as a competitor to CT for sinus imaging.

The goal of this study was to determine how radiologists' rating of image quality when using 0.5T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compares to Computed Tomography (CT) for visualization of pathology and evaluation of specific anatomic regions within the paranasal sinuses. 42 patients with clinical CT scans opted to have a 0.

The Lived Experience of Newly Graduated Nurses' Transition to Practice: A Phenomenology Study.

Reflection papers, written by new graduate nurses, at the completion of their 1-year residency program, were qualitatively analyzed. Separating the study population identified academic and/or clinical experiences that were impacted by the pandemic. These findings indicate variances in their transition to practice, which may necessitate an alteration of the content or timing of nurse residency programs.

A Survey of the Current UK Physician Associate Educator Workforce and Recommendations for Courses and Provider Organizations.

Introduction: In the United Kingdom there are 37 physician associate (PA) training programs with limited knowledge of the educators involved, their training, and specific needs.

Method: An online questionnaire was sent to PA educators in all UK training programs requesting information on academic title and responsibilities, clinical and nonclinical background, education and qualifications before becoming a PA educator, formal and informal training received in the role, and insights into career progression.

Discussion: The questionnaire highlighted 5 specific areas that should be specific recommendations for UK training programs to support PA educators, alongside existing guidance.

How do relational practices co-constitute care for people who use drugs? The social and political dimensions of peer-led harm reduction.

Introduction: People who use drugs have a long history of mobilising to reduce harm within their communities, significantly influencing harm reduction efforts globally. Peers with lived experience contribute through needle exchange programs, harm reduction education, and community-based research. Despite facing stigma, their initiatives have generated multiple benefits for communities.

Sleep and paranoia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sleep dysfunction commonly co-occurs with paranoia and is hypothesised to be a contributory causal mechanism in its development and maintenance.

Objectives: To systematically review and quantitatively evaluate the evidence for the relationship between sleep dysfunction and paranoia across the spectrum of severity.

Method: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies investigating the relationship between aspects of sleep and paranoia across clinical and non-clinical groups.

How sleep in patients with serious mental illness is recorded and treated, and its impact on service engagement.

Background: Sleep and mental health share a bidirectional relationship whereby problems in one exacerbate the other. Accordingly, sleep problems are frequent and severe in serious mental illness (SMI) populations, exacerbating SMI symptoms. This study examined the documentation and treatment of sleep problems within anonymised clinical records of SMI patients, and their association with attendance rates and number of appointments scheduled.

Comparing development-matched and age-matched play targets: A replication and extension.

Previous research has supported selecting development-matched targets rather than age-matched targets to teach play skills to children with autism spectrum disorder. However, few studies have been conducted, and replications and extensions of this research are needed. The current study replicated Pane et al.

Sleep and socio-occupational functioning in adults with serious mental illness: A systematic review.

Sleep is a crucial factor influencing mental health and quality of life. Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) often experience significant sleep problems. This can further exacerbate their symptoms and impact their socio-occupational functioning (SOF) (the extent to which a person is able to engage in 'self-care and activities of daily living, communication, interpersonal relations, instrumental living skills, and work').

Delivering a sleep intervention across a youth mental health service using non-expert practitioners: A service evaluation.

Aims: Poor sleep is highly prevalent in young people and increases risk of mental health difficulties, yet access to sleep interventions remains limited. This paper evaluates the use of a sleep intervention delivered by non-expert practitioners in a secondary care youth mental health service.

Method: Assistant psychologists were trained to deliver a six-session 1:1 cognitive-behavioural sleep intervention adapted for use with young people with mental health difficulties.

Development of 2nd generation aminomethyl spectinomycins that overcome native efflux in abscessus.

(), a nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species, is an emerging pathogen with high intrinsic drug resistance. Current standard-of-care therapy results in poor outcomes, demonstrating the urgent need to develop effective antimycobacterial regimens. Through synthetic modification of spectinomycin (SPC), we have identified a distinct structural subclass of N-ethylene linked aminomethyl SPCs (eAmSPCs) that are up to 64-fold more potent against over the parent SPC.

How do the sleep features that characterise depression impact memory?

Depression is associated with general sleep disturbance and abnormalities in sleep physiology. For example, compared with control subjects, depressed patients exhibit lower sleep efficiency, longer rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration, and diminished slow-wave activity during non-REM sleep. A separate literature indicates that depression is also associated with many distinguishing memory characteristics, including emotional memory bias, overgeneral autobiographical memory, and impaired memory suppression.

Perspectives of adults with neurofibromatosis regarding the design of psychosocial trials: Results from an anonymous online survey.

Background/aims: Individuals with neurofibromatosis, including neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2)-related schwannomatosis (SWN), and other forms of SWN, often experience disease manifestations and mental health difficulties for which psychosocial interventions may help. An anonymous online survey of adults with neurofibromatosis assessed their physical, social, and emotional well-being and preferences about psychosocial interventions to inform clinical trial design.

Methods: Neurofibromatosis clinical researchers and patient representatives from the Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis International Collaboration developed the survey.

Identifying and Training Skill Acquisition Protocol Development: A Preliminary Investigation.

According to the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB), services commonly provided by behavior analysts include writing and revising protocols for teaching new skills. To our knowledge, there are currently no published, peer-reviewed articles or texts focused on developing skill acquisition protocols. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-based instruction (CBI) tutorial on acquisition of skills related to writing an individualized protocol based on a research article.

Using Video Prompting to Teach Leg Shaving to Women with Disabilities.

This was the first study to evaluate procedures for teaching leg shaving to individuals with disabilities. Using a video prompting teaching package in a concurrent multiple baseline design across participants with different diagnoses (i.e.

Maintaining On-Task Behavior of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Absence of an Instructor.

Despite the vast amount of research on increasing independence for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, there is a lack of research on techniques for fostering independent on-task behavior and accuracy in the absence of an instructor. Though increasing distance of the instructor and altering reinforcer delivery have been shown in a few studies to produce independence in the absence of an instructor, no study to date has compared the effects of systematic fading and complete removal of an instructor. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of three conditions on the on-task behavior and accuracy of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: instructor present (instructor with participant and conditioned reinforcers delivered within session ), instructor absent (instructor not with the participant and no within-session conditioned reinforcers), and instructor fading (gradual, systematic fading of instructor and thinning of within-session conditioned reinforcers).

A Preliminary Evaluation of the Effects of a Contingency Management + Deposit Contract Intervention on Problematic Smartphone Use With College Students.

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is smartphone usage that is, in some way, damaging to the user. PSU represents a growing public health concern that could be addressed via behavioral intervention. We recruited six college students who reported negative side effects of smartphone use and sought to decrease their PSU.

A genome-wide atlas of antibiotic susceptibility targets and pathways to tolerance.

Detailed knowledge on how bacteria evade antibiotics and eventually develop resistance could open avenues for novel therapeutics and diagnostics. It is thereby key to develop a comprehensive genome-wide understanding of how bacteria process antibiotic stress, and how modulation of the involved processes affects their ability to overcome said stress. Here we undertake a comprehensive genetic analysis of how the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae responds to 20 antibiotics.

Rare, common, alien and native species follow different rules in an understory plant community.

Biological invasions are a leading threat to biodiversity globally. Increasingly, ecosystems experience multiple introductions, which can have significant effects on patterns of diversity. The way these communities assemble will depend partly on whether rare and common alien species respond to environmental predictors in the same manner as rare and common native species, but this is not well understood.

Sleep disorders predict the 1-year onset, persistence, but not remission of psychotic experiences in preadolescence: a longitudinal analysis of the ABCD cohort data.

The relationship between sleep disorder and psychotic experiences in preadolescence has not been extensively studied despite the potential for intervention. The current study addressed this relationship using the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort, which provided baseline data from 11,830 10- to 11-year-old; for 4910 of these, 1-year follow-up data were also available. A set of pre-registered multi-level regression models were applied to test whether (a) sleep disorder is associated with psychotic experiences at baseline; (b) baseline sleep disorder predicts psychotic experiences at follow-up; (c) the persistence of sleep disorder predicts persistence of psychotic experiences at follow-up; d) the remission of sleep disorder predicts the remission of psychotic experiences at follow-up.

Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship of Thioacetamide-Triazoles against .

Infections due to Gram-negative bacteria are increasingly dangerous due to the spread of multi-drug resistant strains, emphasizing the urgent need for new antibiotics with alternative modes of action. We have previously identified a novel class of antibacterial agents, thioacetamide-triazoles, using an antifolate targeted screen and determined their mode of action which is dependent on activation by cysteine synthase A. Herein, we report a detailed examination of the anti- structure-activity relationship of the thioacetamide-triazoles.

Chiral evasion and stereospecific antifolate resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

Antimicrobial resistance presents a significant health care crisis. The mutation F98Y in Staphylococcus aureus dihydrofolate reductase (SaDHFR) confers resistance to the clinically important antifolate trimethoprim (TMP). Propargyl-linked antifolates (PLAs), next generation DHFR inhibitors, are much more resilient than TMP against this F98Y variant, yet this F98Y substitution still reduces efficacy of these agents.

A comparison of development-matched and age-matched targets on play skills of children with autism spectrum disorder.

Although neurotypical children often spend the majority of their time engaged in play activities, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can present with substantial delays in the development of play skills, requiring intensive intervention. Although targets for language and basic learning skills are often selected based on the development of neurotypical children (e.g.

Azaindole Based Potentiator of Antibiotics against Gram-Negative Bacteria.

We discovered azaindole-based compounds with weak innate activity that exhibit substantial potentiation of antibacterial activities of different antibiotics, viz., rifampicin, erythromycin, solithromycin, and novobiocin in Gram-negative bacteria. In the presence of the azaindole derivatives, these antibiotics exhibited submicromolar minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against , , , and .

Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on mental health and health care in adults with neurofibromatosis: Patient perspectives from an online survey.

The coronavirus pandemic increased anxiety and stress and prevented access to health care worldwide; it is unclear how COVID-19 affected adults with a multisystem genetic disorder such as neurofibromatosis (NF). An anonymous online survey was distributed through an international registry and foundations to adults with NF (June-August 2020) to assess the impact of the pandemic on mental health and NF health care. Six hundred and thirteen adults (18-81 years; M = 45.