The association of serum oestradiol level, age, and education with cognitive performance in peri- and late postmenopausal women.

Objectives: To evaluate whether healthy women show cognitive changes after menopause and whether the possible changes are oestrogen-, age- or education-dependent.

Methods: Forty-eight women, 21 perimenopausal (aged 43-51 years) and 27 late postmenopausal (aged 59-71 years), participated in the study. Verbal and visuomotor functions, visuoconstructive skills, visual and verbal episodic memory as well as attention were evaluated.

Estrogen + progestin therapy and cognition: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study.

Aims: The use of hormone therapy (HT) is a relevant and topical issue in the treatment of menopausal symptoms in women. Information regarding the effects of combination treatment with estrogen and progesterone as well as treatment timing on cognitive function is lacking and was evaluated in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women.

Methods: Sixteen premenopausal (45-51 years) and 16 postmenopausal (58-70 years) women were randomly assigned to receive either estrogen + progestin therapy (HT) or placebo (PL) for six months.