HPV DNA status and clinical history of patients are supplements for accurate reporting of the cytological Pap smear.

The present study was aimed at showing the importance of HPV DNA status and the clinical history of the patients required by the cytologist for accurate reporting. A total of 1250 symptomatic women who attended the gynaecology outpatient department of the Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Nalanda Medical College, Patna, for pap smear examinations were screened and recruited for the study. Due to highly clinical symptoms out of the negative with inflammatory smears reported, one hundred and ten patients were randomly advised for biopsy and HPV 16/18 DNA analysis by a gynaecologist to correlate negative smears included in the study.

A nuanced exploration delving into malignant melanomas occurring in unexpected and less common anatomical locations.

Malignant melanoma originates from melanoma cells, which derive from the neuroectoderm of the ectodermal mucosa. The chameleonic presentation of malignant melanoma, its often asymptomatic nature, the rarity of the lesion, the grim prognosis, and the imperative for highly specialized treatment are critical factors that merit careful consideration. Herein, we report a compilation of five cases of malignant melanomas occurring at unusual anatomical locations, which were initially misdiagnosed, which on careful analysis with the use of immuno-histochemical stains were correctly diagnosed as malignant melanoma.

Evaluation and identification of advanced lentil interspecific derivatives resulted in the development of early maturing, high yielding, and disease-resistant cultivars under Indian agro-ecological conditions.

The genetic base revealed by pedigree records of the majority of released cultivars appears to be narrow in major pulse crops, including lentils, because of the frequent use of the same parents and their derivatives in crop improvement programs. Therefore, corrective measures are needed to widen the genetic base by involving the genetic resources of a distinct gene pool. In this direction, rigorous efforts were made to introgress wild taxa, ssp.

Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) in a 12-Year-old Boy with Cutaneous Metastasis:An Unusual Presentation.

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in adolescents is a rare clinical entity and behaves aggressively. The mechanism of laryngeal oncogenesis is complex. Further studies need to be done to know the role that human papilloma virus plays in laryngeal SCC in adolescents.