Isoniazid resistance in Rifampicin sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

Background: Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF) are two crucial drugs used in antitubercular therapy. INH is known for its potent bactericidal effects and has a relatively higher prevalence of resistance compared to RIF. However, RIF resistance has been the subject of more extensive research.

Adverse drug reactions in children and adolescents on daily antitubercular regimen: An observational longitudinal study.

Objectives: Subsequent to introduction of daily fixed dose combination (FDC) regimen with increased dosages and inclusion of ethambutol in continuation phase of antitubercular therapy (ATT) in India, this study was done to evaluate adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children and adolescents.

Methods: Longitudinal observational study conducted in tertiary teaching hospital. Children (1 month-18 year), with newly diagnosed drug sensitive tuberculosis, started on daily FDC regimen of ATT, were included.

Implementation of tuberculosis preventive therapy with INH-Rifapentine (3HP) for latent tuberculosis infection management in household tuberculosis contacts in India: A prospective study.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to ascertain the acceptance, initiation, implementation and treatment completion rates of tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy (TPT) using 3HP (INH-Rifapentine) among household contacts of microbiologically confirmed drug sensitive TB cases on anti-tubercular treatment under programmatic real-world settings. The secondary objectives were to estimate the prevalence and predictors of latent TB infection (LTBI) in household contacts of the index TB cases. We also ascertained the safety profile of the 3HP TPT regimen in the household contacts.

Non-Surgical Lower Face Contouring in an Indian Patient: A Case Study.

A 31-year-old Indian female patient presented with a ptotic face with signs of lower face ageing. She was concerned about sagging, an older look, and blunting of the jawline. She wished to have a more oval and narrow face contour.

Non-surgical Brachioplexy Using Polydioxanone Threads and Onabotulinum Toxin Type A in an Indian Female Patient: A Case Report.

Background: Polydioxanone (PDO) threads have been used to improve face sag and laxity; however, they are seldom used for body laxity. Similarly, onabotulinum toxin type A has rarely been reported for intradermal use in skin tightening.

Materials And Methods: We discuss use of PDO threads in combination with intradermal onabotulinum type A for the treatment of bilateral arm laxity after significant weight loss.

Early implementation challenges in electronic referral and feedback mechanism for patients with tuberculosis using Nikshay - A mixed-methods study from a medical college TB referral unit of Delhi, India.

Background: Diagnosis, notification and timely initiation of treatment is an important cornerstone for the elimination of tuberculosis (TB). The referral and feedback mechanism under National Tuberculosis Programme of India has been changed from paper-based to web-based electronic system (Nikshay) since 2018. The current study was carried out to assess the effect of Nikshay in referral and receipt of feedback on treatment initiation and to understand the early implementation challenges.

A comparison of patient treatment pathways among multidrug-resistant and drug-sensitive TB cases in Delhi, India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The delay in the diagnosis and treatment initiation of patients with MDR-TB worsens individual prognosis and increases the risk of disease transmission in the community. These delays have been attributed to delay in treatment-seeking by the patient and shifting to multiple healthcare facilities before being tested and diagnosed through India's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP).

Objective: to identify treatment pathways in patients with MDR-TB from the time of onset of symptoms and treatment seeking until diagnosis at a PMDT site and subsequent treatment initiation.

Spontaneous resolution of grade 2 macular hole observed with optical coherence tomography.

A 56-year-old woman presented with decreased vision and metamorphopsia in her left eye for 3 months. She received a diagnosis of stage 2 idiopathic macular hole in her left eye, which was made with a tomographic image of a full-thickness dehiscence of the neurosensory retina at the fovea. The posterior hyaloid membrane was adhering to the edge of the dehiscence.

First reported cases of gyrate atrophy of the choroid from Nepal.

Two sisters previously diagnosed as having retinitis pigmentosa presented with complaints of frequent change of glasses. On ocular examination, the fundus showed the appearance of confluent arcuate equatorial full thickness lesions of the choroid and retina, sparing some of the large choroidal vessels, and separated from one another by thin margins of pigment, in both the sisters. Serum analysis was done for ornithine levels, which showed hyperornithinaemia (741 and 462 µmol/l in the elder and younger sister, respectively) consistent with gyrate atrophy (GA) of the choroid.