Optimal methods for analyzing targeted pairwise knockout screens.

Background: Synthetic lethality offers a promising strategy for cancer treatment by targeting genetic vulnerabilities unique to tumor cells, leading to selective tumor cell death. However, single-gene knockout screens often miss functional redundancy due to paralog genes. Multiplex CRISPR systems, including various Cas9 and Cas12a platforms, have been developed to assay genetic interactions, yet no systematic comparison of method to identify synthetic lethality from CRISPR screens has been conducted.

Recombination-mediated dissemination of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus clonal complex 1 in the Egyptian health care settings.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a rapidly evolving pathogen that is frequently associated with outbreaks and sustained epidemics. This study investigated the population structure, resistome, virulome, and the correlation between antimicrobial resistance determinants with phenotypic resistance profiles of 36 representative hospital-acquired MRSA isolates recovered from hospital settings in Egypt.

Results: The community-acquired MRSA lineage, clonal complex 1 (CC1) was the most frequently detected clone, followed by three other globally disseminated clones, CC121, CC8, and CC22.

Symbiotic Antidiabetic Effect of Lactobacillus casei and the Bioactive Extract of Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del. on Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Induced by Alloxan.

The consumption of probiotics protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative damage, delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preventing microvascular and macrovascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of CDE fermented by Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 39539) (LC) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The oxidative stress identified by catalase (CAT), serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid were measured.

High Glucose Increases DNA Damage and Elevates the Expression of Multiple DDR Genes.

The DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathways sense DNA damage and coordinate robust DNA repair and bypass mechanisms. A series of repair proteins are recruited depending on the type of breaks and lesions to ensure overall survival. An increase in glucose levels was shown to induce genome instability, yet the links between DDR and glucose are still not well investigated.

Transcriptional Analysis of Nuclear-Encoded Mitochondrial Genes in Eight Neurodegenerative Disorders: The Analysis of Seven Diseases in Reference to Friedreich's Ataxia.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are challenging to understand, diagnose, and treat. Revealing the genomic and transcriptomic changes in NDDs contributes greatly to the understanding of the diseases, their causes, and development. Moreover, it enables more precise genetic diagnosis and novel drug target identification that could potentially treat the diseases or at least ease the symptoms.