Cognitive functions among school-going children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Matched case-control cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the cognitive performance of Saudi children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to matched control groups.

Methods: A total of 64 participants (32 T1DM patients and 32 control), matched with age, gender, ethnicity, education, and body mass index were recruited. Cognitive functions were investigated using a highly reliable and valid "Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery".

Frequency and predictive factors for spontaneous normalization of anti-tissue transglutaminase-IgA serology among Saudi children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cohort study.

Background: Celiac serology can be transiently elevated in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and normalized despite gluten consumption. This study aimed to identify the frequency and predictive factors of spontaneous normalization of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG-IgA) antibodies in these patients.

Methods: The charts of all patients (≤18 years) with T1DM were retrospectively reviewed from 2012 to 2021 at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Orthodontic Intrusion Using Temporary Anchorage Devices Compared to Other Orthodontic Intrusion Methods: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To systemically review all clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of orthodontic intrusion using bone anchorage devices versus using other orthodontic techniques in adult patients.

Material And Methods: All randomized, controlled clinical trials and prospective studies that compare the use of TADs in intrusion versus alternative devices from the year 2000 to 2019 were searched using various electronic databases. Databases used include Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, Lilacs, and ScienceDirect.

Rapid Implementation of a Diabetes Telemedicine Clinic During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: Our Protocol, Experience, and Satisfaction Reports in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The importance of telemedicine in diabetes care became more evident during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as many people with diabetes, especially those in areas without well-established telemedicine, lost access to their health care providers (HCPs) during this pandemic.

Subjects And Methods: We describe a simplified protocol of a Diabetes Telemedicine Clinic that utilizes technological tools readily available to most people with diabetes and clinics around the world. We report the satisfaction of 145 patients and 14 HCPs who participated in the virtual clinic and 210 patients who attended the virtual educational sessions about "Diabetes and Ramadan.

Pituitary imaging in 129 children with growth hormone deficiency: A spectrum of findings.

Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency is the most common pituitary hormone deficiency in children. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain detects structural pituitary anomalies associated with GH deficiency. This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at King Khalid University hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period (January 1995-June 2016).

Precocious puberty: An experience from a major teaching hospital in Central Saudi Arabia.

Precocious puberty is a developmental process that gives rise to secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys. In general, precocious puberty can be classified as central or peripheral. This is a retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period January 1990 and December 2016.

A critical appraisal of chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorders clinical practice guidelines using the AGREE II instrument.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) suffer high rates of morbidity and mortality, in particular related to bone and cardiovascular outcomes. The management of CKD-MBD remains challenging. The objective of this systematic survey is to critically appraise clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) addressing CKD-MBD.

Comparative Effectiveness of Phosphate Binders in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) has been linked to poor health outcomes, including diminished quality and length of life. This condition is characterized by high phosphate levels and requires phosphate-lowering agents-phosphate binders. The objective of this systematic review is to compare the effects of available phosphate binders on patient-important outcomes in patients with CKD-MBD.

Mitochondrial Complex III Deficiency with Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemia Mimicking Neonatal Diabetes.

Hyperglycemia is a rare presenting symptom of mitochondrial disorders. We report a case of a young girl who presented shortly after birth with ketoacidosis, hyperlactatemia, hyperammonemia, and insulin-responsive hyperglycemia. Initial metabolic work-up suggested mitochondrial dysfunction.

The effectiveness and safety of treatments used for acute diarrhea and acute gastroenteritis in children: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Acute diarrhea and acute gastroenteritis (AD/AGE) are common among children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and high-income countries (HIC). Supportive therapy including maintaining feeding, prevention of dehydration, and use of oral rehydration solution (ORS), is the mainstay of treatment in all children. Several additional treatments aiming to reduce the episode duration have been compared to placebo, but the differences in effectiveness among them are unknown.