The relationship between childhood trauma and adult psychosis in a UK Early Intervention Service: results of a retrospective case note study.

Aim: There is evidence that childhood trauma is a risk factor for the development of psychosis and it is recommended that childhood trauma is inquired about in all patients presenting with psychosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of childhood trauma in patients in the UK Early Intervention Service based on a case note review.

Methods: This is a retrospective case note study of 296 patients in an UK Early Intervention Service.

Striation patterns in serrated blade stabs to cartilage.

Stab wounds were made in porcine cartilage with 13 serrated knives, amongst which 4 were drop-point and 9 straight-spine; 9 coarsely serrated, 3 finely serrated and 1 with mixed pattern serrations. The walls of the stab tracks were cast with dental impression material, and the casts photographed together with the knife blades for comparison. All 13 serrated blades produced an "irregularly regular" pattern of striations on cartilage in all stabbings.

Laughing at myself: beginning nursing students' insight for a professional career.

PURPOSE. This study examined the phenomenon and meaning of laughing at oneself as described by the lived experiences of student nurses. BACKGROUND.

A Chinese view of the Western nursing metaparadigm.

The purpose of this article is to reveal Chinese-rooted meanings present within the Western nursing metaparadigm and to illustrate some similarities with Rogers's Science of Unitary Human Beings. Confucian and Taoist beliefs have the potential to illuminate the basic constructs inherent in holistic nursing. The Western nursing metaparadigm of four concepts--person, nursing, health, and environment--was explored through the lens of a Chinese worldview and led to the presentation of a broadened view for an integrated model of nursing.

Outcomes of touch therapies during bone marrow transplant.

Context: The integration of complementary modalities into mainstream healthcare is gaining increasing emphasis. It is important, therefore, to document the effects of these interventions on patient outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Therapeutic Touch and massage therapy on the outcomes of engraftment time, complications, and perceived benefits of therapy during bone marrow transplant.

Determination by electrospray mass spectrometry of the outersphere association constants of DNA/platinum complexes using 20-mer oligonucleotides and ([Pt(NH(3))(4)](2+), 2Cl(-)) or ([Pt(py)(4)](2+), 2Cl(-)).

The cytotoxic effects of cisplatin, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), are generally ascribed to the formation of DNA adducts. Several in vitro as well as in vivo studies showed that cisplatin binds preferentially to guanines belonging to (G)(n) sequences (n > or = 2). After mono- or diaquation of cisplatin, giving the cationic complexes cis-[PtCl(NH(3))(2)(H(2)O)](+) and cis-[Pt(NH(3))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](2+), DNA platination occurs in two steps: the cationic complex gives an outersphere association with DNA and the actual coordination then occurs by substitution of one aqua ligand by guanine-N7.

Platination of a GG site on single-stranded and double-stranded forms of a 14-base oligonucleotide with diaqua cisplatin followed by NMR and HPLC -- influence of the platinum ligands and base sequence on 5'-G versus 3'-G platination selectivity.

Detailed studies of the kinetics of platination of the single-stranded 14-base DNA oligonucleotide d(ATACATGGTACATA) and the corresponding duplex by cis-[Pt(NH3)2(H2O)2]2+ show that HPLC and NMR are complementary methods which provide similar results. The 5'-G and 3'-G monofunctional intermediates were trapped, separated and characterized by NMR (via 15NH3 labeling) and enzymatic digestion followed by mass spectrometry. The kinetic data are compared with those for the corresponding reactions of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] (cisplatin) and its monohydrolysed analogue.

The science of unitary human beings and interpretive human science.

Natural science and human science are identified as the bases of most nursing theories and research programs. Natural science has been disclaimed by Martha Rogers as the philosophy of science that undergirds her work. The question remains, is the science of unitary human beings an interpretive human science? The author explores the works of Rogers through a dialectic with two human scientists' works.

Philosophical issues in the Rogerian science of unitary human beings.

In the Rogerian science of unitary human beings, the requirements for meaning and evidence are problematic. Four-dimensionality, a major building block, is postulated to be nonspatiotemporal, nonlinear, and not predictable through knowledge of the parts. A problem arises primarily because the Rogerian system also presents "verification of concepts" as the means of testing "fit" with the real world.