Estimating under-recognized COVID-19 deaths, United States, march 2020-may 2021 using an excess mortality modelling approach.

Background: In the United States, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths are captured through the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System and death certificates reported to the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS). However, not all COVID-19 deaths are recognized and reported because of limitations in testing, exacerbation of chronic health conditions that are listed as the cause of death, or delays in reporting. Estimating deaths may provide a more comprehensive understanding of total COVID-19-attributable deaths.

Utilizing the Operating Room Black Box to Characterize Intraoperative Delays, Distractions, and Threats in the Gynecology Operating Room: A Pilot Study.

Introduction Operating Room Black Box (ORBB) technology can be used to capture information during surgery for analysis and potential identification of root causes that jeopardize safety and efficiency. In this study, our objective was to identify and characterize procedural steps, intraoperative distractions, errors, and threats, as well as the non-technical skills of the team during a common minimally invasive gynecologic procedure. Methodology This was a cross-sectional pilot study of 25 patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy between May 2019 and February 2020 at a Canadian tertiary care academic hospital.

Improving the Safety, Effectiveness, and Efficiency of Clinical Alarm Systems: Simulation-Based Usability Testing of Physiologic Monitors.

Background: Clinical alarm system safety is a national patient safety goal in the United States. Physiologic monitors are associated with the highest number of device alarms and alarm-related deaths. However, research involving nurses' use of physiologic monitors is rare.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning cockroach exposure among caregivers of children with asthma.

Background: Cockroach allergen is one of the most important asthma triggers for children. There is an extensive body of research on interventions to reduce exposure. However, adherence to these interventions is low.

Single-neuron correlate of epilepsy-related cognitive deficits in visual recognition memory in right mesial temporal lobe.

Objective: Impaired memory is a common comorbidity of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and often perceived by patients as more problematic than the seizures themselves. The objective of this study is to understand what the relationship of these behavioral impairments is to the underlying pathophysiology, as there are currently no treatments for these deficits, and it remains unknown what circuits are affected.

Methods: We recorded single neurons in the medial temporal lobes (MTLs) of 62 patients (37 with refractory TLE) who performed a visual recognition memory task to characterize the relationship between behavior, tuning, and anatomical location of memory selective and visually selective neurons.

Experimental evidence that effects of megaherbivores on mesoherbivore space use are influenced by species' traits.

The extinction of 80% of megaherbivore (>1,000 kg) species towards the end of the Pleistocene altered vegetation structure, fire dynamics and nutrient cycling world-wide. Ecologists have proposed (re)introducing megaherbivores or their ecological analogues to restore lost ecosystem functions and reinforce extant but declining megaherbivore populations. However, the effects of megaherbivores on smaller herbivores are poorly understood.

Development of an intrauterine infection model in the postpartum dairy cow.

Aims: To develop an intrauterine infection model for in postpartum dairy cows and to assess the effect of this infection on the degree of intrauterine inflammation and concentrations of progesterone in serum.

Methods: The oestrous cycles of 36 healthy, non-pregnant, postpartum dairy cows were synchronised. They were then treated by intrauterine infusion of 0.

Peripheral glia diversity.

Recent years have seen an evolving appreciation for the role of glial cells in the nervous system. As we move away from the typical neurocentric view of neuroscience, the complexity and variability of central nervous system glia is emerging, far beyond the three main subtypes: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Yet the diversity of the glia found in the peripheral nervous system remains rarely discussed.

Estimating the number of averted illnesses and deaths as a result of vaccination against an influenza pandemic in nine low- and middle-income countries.

Background: During the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic, 77 countries received donated monovalent A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine through the WHO Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Vaccine Deployment Initiative. However, 47% did not receive their first shipment until after the first wave of virus circulation, and 8% did not receive their first shipment until after the WHO declared the end of the pandemic. Arguably, these shipments were too late into the pandemic to have a substantial effect on virus transmission or disease burden during the first waves of the pandemic.

Incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among US Persons Infected With SARS-CoV-2.

Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is associated with recent or current SARS-CoV-2 infection. Information on MIS-C incidence is limited.

Objective: To estimate population-based MIS-C incidence per 1 000 000 person-months and to estimate MIS-C incidence per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years.

Psychiatric Comorbidities Are Highly Prevalent in Nonesophageal Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases.

Background & Aims: The prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in nonesophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) has not been studied. We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and psychiatric medication use in children, adolescents, and adults with EGIDs and to assess whether psychiatric comorbidity affects clinical presentation.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed patients with a nonesophageal EGID at the University of North Carolina from 2008 to 2020.

"Getting to Know Them": Person-Centered Care for Patients With Dementia in Acute Care.

Older adults with dementia are reported to have twice as many hospital stays as their age-matched counterparts without dementia. Acute care hospitals are generally not equipped to provide best care for persons with dementia. The purpose of the current qualitative study was to gain an understanding of the needs and perspectives of nursing staff and patient care technicians regarding delivering person-centered care (PCC) to patients with dementia.

Pilot study of a combined genomic and epidemiologic surveillance program for hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant pathogens across multiple hospital networks in Australia.

Objectives: To conduct a pilot study implementing combined genomic and epidemiologic surveillance for hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) to predict transmission between patients and to estimate the local burden of MDRO transmission.

Design: Pilot prospective multicenter surveillance study.

Setting: The study was conducted in 8 university hospitals (2,800 beds total) in Melbourne, Australia (population 4.

Dilation-predominant approach versus routine care in patients with difficult-to-treat eosinophilic esophagitis: a retrospective comparison.

Background: Little is known about esophageal dilation as a long-term treatment approach for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We examined the impact of a "dilate and wait" strategy on symptom management and safety of patients with EoE.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included two patient groups: those who underwent a dilation-predominant approach (≥ 3 dilations as sole therapy or for histologically refractory disease [> 15 eos/hpf]); and those who had routine care (< 3 dilations or histologic response).

Calcineurin Activity Is Increased in Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1B Demyelinating Neuropathy.

Schwann cells produce a considerable amount of lipids and proteins to form myelin in the PNS. For this reason, the quality control of myelin proteins is crucial to ensure proper myelin synthesis. Deletion of serine 63 from P0 (P0S63del) protein in myelin forming Schwann cells causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1B neuropathy in humans and mice.

Open science as a path to education of new psychophysiologists.

There is a pressing need for resources to train the next generation of psychophysiologists. Psychophysiology, and especially the subfield of cognitive electrophysiology, poses challenges for educators because it requires an understanding of complex concepts and experimental design, advanced analysis and programming skills, and access to specialized software and equipment. These challenges are common to other STEM fields as well.

Is Covid-19 community level testing effective in reaching at-risk populations? Evidence from spatial analysis of New Orleans patient data at walk-up sites.

Background: This paper evaluates the increase in coverage and use of Covid-19 testing services for vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations through the introduction of community-based walk-up sites in New Orleans, LA. While most GIS work on Covid-19 testing coverage and access has used census tract or ZIP code aggregated data, this manuscript is unique in that it uses individual level demographics and exact addresses to calculate distances actually traveled by patients.

Methods: We used testing data recorded for 9721 patients at 20 sites operating in May-June 2020.

Individual Differences in Working Memory and the N2pc.

The lateralized ERP N2pc component has been shown to be an effective marker of attentional object selection when elicited in a visual search task, specifically reflecting the selection of a target item among distractors. Moreover, when targets are known in advance, the visual search process is guided by representations of target features held in working memory at the time of search, thus guiding attention to objects with target-matching features. Previous studies have shown that manipulating working memory availability via concurrent tasks or within task manipulations influences visual search performance and the N2pc.

(4-Amino-pyridine-κ )(2,2'-bi-pyridine-κ ,')(2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-κ ,','')ruthenium(II) bis-(hexa-fluorido-phosphate) unknown solvate.

The title compound, [Ru(CHN)(CHN)(CHN)](PF) solvent, crystallizes in the triclinic space group with one dicationic Ru complex, two PF anions, and undefined solvent in the asymmetric unit. The cation and anions are linked N-H⋯F hydrogen bonding. One PF anion is disordered over two positions, with occupancies 0.

Concept Inventories as a Complement to Learning Progressions.

Learning progressions (LPs) are descriptions of students' growing sophistication in the understanding of a particular construct through a curricular sequence. They are particularly useful for organizing complex constructs for which students do not necessarily connect concepts as taught in different courses. However, they are challenging to construct, because they attempt to linearize students' inherently nonlinear learning.

The Influence of Moderate Physical Activity on Brain Monoaminergic Responses to Binge-Patterned Alcohol Ingestion in Female Mice.

Monoamine neurotransmitter activity in brain reward, limbic, and motor areas play key roles in the motivation to misuse alcohol and can become modified by exercise in a manner that may affect alcohol craving. This study investigated the influence of daily moderate physical activity on monoamine-related neurochemical concentrations across the mouse brain in response to high volume ethanol ingestion. Adult female C57BL/6J mice were housed with or without 2.

Annotating Argument Schemes.

Argument schemes are abstractions substantiating the inferential connection between premise(s) and conclusion in argumentative communication. Identifying such conventional patterns of reasoning is essential to the interpretation and evaluation of argumentation. Whether studying argumentation from a theory-driven or data-driven perspective, insight into the actual use of argumentation in communicative practice is essential.

Hepatic vascular malignancies in children are associated with increased rates of surgical resection and improved overall survival compared with adults.

Background: Hepatic vascular malignancies (HVMs) are rare malignancies, with no standardized treatment regimens. The most common HVMs, angiosarcoma and malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), are often grouped together in the literature complicating our ability to achieve reliable survival data and treatment strategies.

Objective: To compare the disease characteristics of HVMs, with a subanalysis on pediatric patients.