INSTRuCT: Protocol, Infrastructure, and Governance.

Background And Purpose: Very few large scale multicentric stroke clinical trials have been done in India. The Indian Council of Medical Research funded INSTRuCT (Indian Stroke Clinical Trial Network) as a task force project with the objectives to establish a state-of-the-art stroke clinical trial network and to conduct pharmacological and nonpharmacological stroke clinical trials relevant to the nation and globally. The purpose of the article is to enumerate the structure of multicentric stroke network, with emphasis on its scope, challenges and expectations in India.

Identification of biomarkers that predict response to subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for an open-label follow-up study.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of bilateral anteromedial subthalamic nucleus (amSTN) has been found to be helpful in a subset of patients with severe, chronic and treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Biomarkers may aid in patient selection and optimisation of this invasive treatment. In this trial, we intend to evaluate neurocognitive function related to STN and related biosignatures as potential biomarkers for STN DBS in OCD.

Apical pleural aspergillosis with pancoast's syndrome and posterior circulation stroke: a case report.

Pancoast's syndrome and subclavian arteritis are rarely caused by Aspergillus sp. . Here we report a case of a 22-yr-old, immunocompetent male who presented with fever, weight loss, right-sided facial anhidrosis and hand weakness of six months duration.

Adaptive profiles of Nellore sheep with reference to farming system and season: physiological, hemato-biochemical, hormonal, oxidative-enzymatic and reproductive standpoint.

This paper outlines the effect of farming systems with reference to season on the body condition score (BCS) and adaptive profile (physiological, hemato-biochemical, hormonal, enzymatic and reproductive parameters) of Nellore sheep. In trial 1, sixty ewe-lambs were allotted to extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive rearing systems (n = 20) and evaluated for BCS at puberty, mating, 2 weeks pre-lambing and 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-lambing. In trial 2, eighteen rams were distributed evenly to three farming systems (n = 6) and evaluated for physiological, hemato-biochemical, hormonal, enzymatic, and reproductive parameters concerning three seasons.

Obesity, venous capacitance, and venous compliance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Aims: Circulating blood volume is functionally divided between the unstressed volume, which fills the vascular space, and stressed blood volume (SBV), which generates vascular wall tension and intravascular pressure. With decreases in venous capacitance, blood functionally shifts to the SBV, increasing central venous pressure and pulmonary venous pressures. Obesity is associated with both elevated venous pressure and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Funding Innovative Dialysis Technology in the United States: Home Dialysis and the ESRD Transitional Add-on Payment for New and Innovative Equipment and Supplies (TPNIES).

Innovative, patient-centered, and pragmatic dialysis technologies are urgently needed to accommodate the growing national interest in home dialysis use. To help achieve this goal, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) are expanding reimbursement for eligible home dialysis machines through an existing payment mechanism, the transitional add-on payment for new and innovative equipment and supplies (TPNIES). This mechanism incentivizes the early adoption of innovative equipment into practice by reimbursing dialysis providers up to 26% of the total cost of approved home dialysis machines.

Salutary Acute Effects of Exercise on Central Hemodynamics in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: A warmup period of priming exercise has been shown to improve peripheral oxygen transport in older adults. We sought to determine the acute effects of priming exercise on central hemodynamics at rest and during a repeat exercise in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Methods And Results: This is a post hoc analysis from 3 studies.

Are There Familial Patterns of Symptom Dimensions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous illness, and emerging evidence suggests that different symptom dimensions may have distinct underlying neurobiological mechanisms. We aimed to look for familial patterns in the occurrence of these symptom dimensions in a sample of families with at least two individuals affected with OCD. Data from 153 families (total number of individuals diagnosed with DSM-5 OCD = 330) recruited as part of the Accelerator Program for Discovery in Brain Disorders using Stem Cells (ADBS) was used for the current analysis.

Transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder-A large case series.

Objective: The present study is a large case series evaluating the benefits of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in treatment-resistant obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods: We reviewed the charts of 32 patients with treatment-resistant OCD who received 10-20 sessions of anodal pre-SMA tDCS.

Results: Overall, 9 (28 %) showed at least partial response to tDCS at the end of 10-20 sessions [responders = 8 (25 %), partial responders = 1 (3%)].

Neuropsychological performance in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

There is a paucity of literature on neuropsychological functions in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Most studies have small sample sizes and have yielded inconsistent results. A recent meta-analysis failed to identify any significant impairments.

Phytochemical Profiling of Methanolic Fruit Extract of Ait. by LC-MS/MS Analysis and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity.

Ait. (Rubiaceae) is also known as Indian Boxwood is a small deciduous tree often growing in southern states of India. In the present study, phytochemical profiling of methanolic extract of fruits were carried out using FTIR and LC-MS/MS analysis.

Assessment of bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus content in the sediments of Indian mangroves.

Efficient nutrient cycling and adequate sediment bioavailable nutrient supply are considered to be the two most important factors regulating the high productivity and subsequent carbon sequestration by mangrove ecosystems. We assessed spatial variability and the possible regulating factors of sediment bioavailable nutrients (nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) and surface water-dissolved nutrients (N, P and silicate (Si)) in the five ecologically important mangrove ecosystems along the east and west coast of India during dry season. Higher bioavailable nitrogen concentrations in the sediments were recorded in Coringa mangroves (36.

Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, and Drug-Interaction Profile of Remdesivir, a SARS-CoV-2 Replication Inhibitor.

Remdesivir (RDV, Veklury) is a once-daily, nucleoside ribonucleic acid polymerase inhibitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 replication. Remdesivir has been granted approvals in several countries for use in adults and children hospitalized with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Inside the cell, remdesivir undergoes metabolic activation to form the intracellular active triphosphate metabolite, GS-443902 (detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells), and ultimately, the renally eliminated plasma metabolite GS-441524.

Right Ventricular Pulmonary Artery Coupling and Mortality in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Background Impaired right ventricular (RV) pulmonary artery coupling has been associated with higher mortality in patients with chronic heart disease, but few studies have examined this metric in critically ill patients. We sought to evaluate the association between RV pulmonary artery coupling, defined by the ratio of tricuspid annular peak systolic tissue Doppler velocity (TASV)/estimated RV systolic pressure (RVSP), and mortality in cardiac intensive care unit patients. Methods and Results Using a database of unique cardiac intensive care unit admissions from 2007 to 2018, we included patients with TASV/RVSP ratio measured within 1 day of hospitalization.

Cutting-edge genetics in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

This article reviews recent advances in the genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We cover work on the following: genome-wide association studies, whole-exome sequencing studies, copy number variation studies, gene expression, polygenic risk scores, gene-environment interaction, experimental animal systems, human cell models, imaging genetics, pharmacogenetics, and studies of endophenotypes. Findings from this work underscore the notion that the genetic architecture of OCD is highly complex and shared with other neuropsychiatric disorders.

Diagnostic scores predict morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Aims: To investigate the prognostic value of diagnostic scores for heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients with HFpEF admitted for unequivocal decompensated HF treated with intravenous loop diuretics were evaluated (n = 443; mean age 78 ± 12 years; 60% women). The HFA-PEFF and H FPEF scores were calculated for all patients with echocardiography data available within 1 year and the population was stratified according to HFA-PEFF scores 2-4 (n = 79), 5 (n = 93), or 6 (n = 271) and H FPEF score probabilities <90% (n = 80), 90-95% (n = 61), and 96-100% (n = 293).

Beta-Alanine and Tris-(hydroxyl methyl) Aminomethane as Peak Modifiers in the Development of RP-HPLC Methods Using Aceclofenac and Haloperidol Hydrochloride as Exemplar Drugs.

In the present analytical approach, beta-alanine (ALA) and tris-(hydroxyl methyl) aminomethane (TRIS) were investigated as peak modifiers due to their water solubility and their possible peak modifying a property. These reagents were tested for their efficacy on the elution of aceclofenac (ACF) and haloperidol hydrochloride (HLC) from C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) equipped with a photodiode array detector.

Dissimilar social cognition signatures in remitted schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

In the light of shared genetic underpinnings of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, their comparative profile of social cognition (SC) performance - an intermittent phenotype and determinant of functional outcome - is poorly understood. Using data from 160 individuals, we identify unique patterns of composite and domain-specific SC-abilities between these groups after controlling for their neurocognition. Individuals with schizophrenia and not bipolar disorder demonstrated deficits in composite SC-measures, which were not associated with their functional status.

Antisaccade task performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder and its clinical correlates.

Objective: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by abnormalities in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuitry of the brain. Antisaccade eye movement tasks measure aspects of the voluntary control of behaviour that are sensitive to CSTC circuitry dysfunction.

Method: In this study, we examined antisaccade eye movement parameters of OCD patients in comparison with healthy controls (HC).