Evaluation of rise in pH and oxygen release at the site of simulated external root resorption cavities using different oxygen-releasing biomaterials: An study.

Context: External inflammatory root resorption has rapid onset and progresses aggressively. It leads to cementum loss, which allows communication between the infected pulp and the periodontium through the denuded dentinal tubules. Primary management strategy includes adequate chemomechanical debridement and lesion arrest for which maintaining alkaline pH and aerobic conditions is essential for healing and repair of the resorption defect.

Self-Signal-Triggered Drug Delivery System for Tumor Therapy Using Cancer Cell Membrane-Coated Biocompatible MnO Nanocomposites.

In anti-cancer metastasis treatment, precise drug delivery to cancer cells remains a challenge. Innovative nanocomposites are developed to tackle these issues effectively. The approach involves the creation of manganese oxide (MnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and their functionalization using trisodium citrate to yield functionalized MnO NPs (F-MnO NPs), with enhanced water solubility, stability, and biocompatibility.

Field-based methods for measuring greenhouse gases emissions from on-site sanitation systems: A systematic review of published literature.

On-site sanitation systems (OSS) are a source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Although efforts have been made recently to measure and quantify emissions from septic tanks using various field-based methods, the vast majority of published literature reporting GHG emissions from OSS units (e.g.

Novel BODIPY-Based Photobase Generators for Photoinduced Polymerization.

Photobase generators (PBGs) are compounds that utilize light-sensitive chemical-protecting groups to offer spatiotemporal control of releasing organic bases upon targeted light irradiation. PBGs can be implemented as an external control to initiate anionic polymerizations such as thiol-ene Michael addition reactions. However, there are limitations for common PBGs, including a short absorption wavelength and weak base release that lead to poor efficiency in photopolymerization.

Reduction-Responsive Chitosan-Based Injectable Hydrogels for Enhanced Anticancer Therapy.

Selective delivery of anticancer drug molecules to the tumor site enhances local drug dosages, which leads to the death of cancer cells while simultaneously minimizing the negative effects of chemotherapy on other tissues, thereby improving the patient's quality of life. To address this need, we developed reduction-responsive chitosan-based injectable hydrogels via the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction between tetrazine groups of disulfide-based cross-linkers and norbornene groups of chitosan derivatives, which were applied to the controlled delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). The swelling ratio, gelation time (90-500 s), mechanical strength (G'~350-850 Pa), network morphology, and drug-loading efficiency (≥92%) of developed hydrogels were investigated.

A Prospective Study to Identify the Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem that may affect the prognosis of liver cirrhosis by interfering with the various metabolic functions of the body. Hence it is important to know the glycemic status of the patients with liver cirrhosis to anticipate and treat the complications associated with it, which in turn will help in the prognosis. The conventional methods may underestimate impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Redox-Responsive Comparison of Diselenide and Disulfide Core-Cross-Linked Micelles for Drug Delivery Application.

In this study, diselenide (Se-Se) and disulfide (S-S) redox-responsive core-cross-linked (CCL) micelles were synthesized using poly(ethylene oxide)--poly(furfuryl methacrylate) (PEO--PFMA), and their redox sensitivity was compared. A single electron transfer-living radical polymerization technique was used to prepare PEO--PFMA from FMA monomers and PEO-Br initiators. An anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), was incorporated into PFMA hydrophobic parts of the polymeric micelles, which were then cross-linked with maleimide cross-linkers, 1,6-bis(maleimide) hexane, dithiobis(maleimido) ethane and diselenobis(maleimido) ethane via Diels-Alder reaction.

A self-indicating and antibacterial gelatine-chitosan blended hydrogel enabling real-time quality control and sustained bioactive agent delivery.

Hydrogels are one type of materials that are widely exploited for bioactive agent delivery, partly owing to their high biocompatibility and low toxicity. When hydrogels are used as carriers, their performance in agent loading and sustained agent release are predominately determined by the gel structure, which can be largely affected by variations during gel preparation. Till now, effective and easy methods to enable monitoring of such variations in real time have been lacking, making quality control of the generated gel-based carrier technically challenging.

Effects of extended transport on cryopreserved allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) product quality and optimal methods to assess HPC stability.

Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, cryopreservation of hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) products has been increasingly used to ensure allogeneic donor graft availability prior to recipient conditioning for transplantation. However, in addition to variables such as graft transport duration and storage conditions, the cryopreservation process itself may adversely affect graft quality. Furthermore, the optimal methods to assess graft quality have not yet been determined.

Cross-linked chitosan/lysozyme hydrogels with inherent antibacterial activity and tuneable drug release properties for cutaneous drug administration.

Gels with high drug release sustainability and intrinsic antibacterial properties are of high practical potential for cutaneous drug administration, particularly for wound care and skin disease treatment. This study reports the generation and characterization of gels formed by 1,5-pentanedial-mediated crosslinking between chitosan and lysozyme for cutaneous drug delivery. Structures of the gels are characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Novel ABA block copolymers: preparation, temperature sensitivity, and drug release.

A new PEGylated macroiniferter was prepared based on the polycondensation reaction of polyethylene oxide (PEO), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), and 1,1,2,2-tetraphenyl-1,2-ethanediol (TPED). The macroiniferter consists of PEO end groups and readily reacts with acrylamides (such as -isopropylacrylamide, NIPAM) and forms ABA block copolymers (PEO-PNIPAM-PEO). This approach of making amphiphilic ABA block copolymers is robust, versatile, and useful, particularly for the development of polymers for biomedical applications.

Longitudinal transcriptional analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes in COVID-19 convalescent donors.

Background: SARS-CoV2 can induce a strong host immune response. Many studies have evaluated antibody response following SARS-CoV2 infections. This study investigated the immune response and T cell receptor diversity in people who had recovered from SARS-CoV2 infection (COVID-19).

Roles and Mechanisms of Astragaloside IV in Combating Neuronal Aging.

Aging can lead to changes in the cellular milieu of the brain. These changes may exacerbate, resulting in pathological phenomena (including impaired bioenergetics, aberrant neurotransmission, compromised resilience and neuroplasticity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the generation of free radicals) and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, alterations in the energy-sensing pathways can accelerate neuronal aging but the exact mechanism of neural aging is still elusive.

ROS-Generating Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Conjugated FeO Nanoparticles as Cancer-Targeting Sustained Release Carrier of Doxorubicin.

Purpose: Site-specific drug delivery systems can contribute to the development and execution of effective cancer treatment. Due to its favorable features (including high biocompatibility, high hydrophilicity and ease of functionalization), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been widely adopted to design drug carriers. Generating carriers for delivery of hydrophobic anticancer agents, however, is still a challenge in carrier design.

Advances in the Analysis of Pharmaceuticals by Using Graphene-Based Sensors.

Safe and effective use of drugs relies on proper pharmaceutical analysis. Graphene has been extensively used to construct sensors for this purpose. Over the years, a large variety of pharmaceutical sensors have been developed from graphene or its derivatives.

Incorporating the entity of under-transfusion into hemovigilance monitoring: Documenting cases due to lack of inventory.

Background: Under-transfusion is an underreported entity within most hospitals and hemovigilance systems. While critical blood shortages are being reported more frequently, without incident codes to document instances of under-transfusion due to lack of inventory, estimating its impact on patient care as it relates to hemotherapy (HT) has hampered our ability to assess and inform strategic initiatives to combat inventory issues as well as prepare for future blood supply threats.

Study Design And Method: An 11-member working group of the AABB (Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies) Hemovigilance Committee was formed in October 2020 to study the topic of under-transfusion including its potential causes and clinical expressions.

Development of a composite film fabricated from carboxymethyl chitosan and magnetite nanoparticles for pH-responsive bioactive agent release.

Development of a biocompatible film enabling stimuli-responsive bioactive agent delivery has a high practical value for food and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we generate a composite film, using the solution casting approach, from carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs). The structures and properties of CMC, MNPs, and the generated film are characterized by using various characterization techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.

Establishment of a cell processing laboratory to support hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy.

Cell processing laboratories are an important part of cancer treatment centers. Cell processing laboratories began by supporting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation programs. These laboratories adapted closed bag systems, centrifuges, sterile connecting devices and other equipment used in transfusion services/blood banks to remove red blood cells and plasma from marrow and peripheral blood stem cells products.

The Sleeping Brain: Harnessing the Power of the Glymphatic System through Lifestyle Choices.

The glymphatic system is a "pseudo-lymphatic" perivascular network distributed throughout the brain, responsible for replenishing as well as cleansing the brain. Glymphatic clearance is the macroscopic process of convective fluid transport in which harmful interstitial metabolic waste products are removed from the brain intima. This paper addresses the glymphatic system, its dysfunction and the major consequences of impaired clearance in order to link neurodegeneration and glymphatic activity with lifestyle choices.

Advances in gene therapy for hematologic disease and considerations for transfusion medicine.

As the list of regulatory agency-approved gene therapies grows, these products are now in the therapeutic spotlight with the potential to cure or dramatically alleviate several benign and malignant hematologic diseases. The mechanisms for gene manipulation are diverse, and include the use of a variety of cell sources and both viral vector- and nuclease-based targeted approaches. Gene editing has also reached the realm of blood component therapy and testing, where cultured products are being developed to improve transfusion support for individuals with rare blood types.

Improving CAR T cell therapy by optimizing critical quality attributes.

Whether as a cure or bridge to transplant, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have shown dramatic outcomes for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, and particularly relapsed/refractory B cell leukemia and lymphoma. However, these therapies are not effective for all patients, and are not without toxicities. The challenge now is to optimize these products and their manufacture.

Ethnopharmacological Applications of Mango ( L.) Peel - A Review.

Background: Mango peel is a major by-product of mango (Mangifera Indica L.) fruit that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. It is a tropical or subtropical fruit and is a potent source of polyphenolic contents.

Robust Selections of Various Hematopoietic Cell Fractions on the CliniMACS Plus Instrument.

Cell separation technologies play a vital role in the graft engineering of hematopoietic cellular fractions, particularly with the rapid expansion of the field of cellular therapeutics. The CliniMACS Plus Instrument (Miltenyi Biotec) utilizes immunomagnetic techniques to isolate hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), T cells, NK cells, and monocytes. These products are ultimately used for HPC transplantation and for the manufacture of adoptive immunotherapies.

Advances in T-cell Immunotherapies.

Cell therapies have become an important part of clinical hematology and oncology. Cell therapy laboratories were first established in academic health centers to process ABO-incompatible marrow grafts. These laboratories now produce a wide variety of cell and gene therapies.