Therapeutic efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy in the treatment of denture stomatitis.

Background: The present report assessed the efficacy of curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy (CUR-mediated PDT) as an adjunct to antifungal gel treatment by evaluating the salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8) levels together with Candida species counts in denture stomatitis (DS) patients.

Methods: In total, 50 DS subjects were randomly categorized into 2 groups: Group-1: subjects who received the antifungal gel treatment and Group-2: participants who received CUR-mediated PDT. The Sabourad Dextrose Agar and CHROMAgar were utilized for evaluating Candida species counts, while the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay was employed to estimate the salivary levels of IL-6 and MMP-8.

Outcome of Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening Programme at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Prospective Study.

Hearing is an important sense organ for human beings essential for speech, language and overall development. Universal neonatal hearing screening programmes are mandatory in many developed countries. In India out of 1000 neonates approximately 5-6 infants are diagnosed with hearing impairment but still universal neonatal hearing screening programme is in its infancy.

Subcutaneous Emphysema: An Outlandish Hint to an Impacted Tracheobronchial Foreign Body.

Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration amongst paediatric population is one of the commonest challenges faced by the otolaryngologist. Subcutaneous emphysema is an uncommon presentation of this condition and the ENT specialist needs to have a high index of clinical suspicion of a foreign body. We report a case of 2-year old child presented with subcutaneous emphysema later diagnosed with a foreign body in the bronchus.

Extreme precipitation indices over India using CMIP6: a special emphasis on the SSP585 scenario.

In this study, a comparison of 17 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) data sets with Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) data in terms of finding out extreme precipitation indices obtained by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) is done. The extreme indices considered were the consecutive dry days (CDD), consecutive wet days (CWD), maximum 1-day precipitation (RX1DAY), maximum 5-day precipitation (RX5DAY), precipitation > 2.5 mm (RR2.

Sharp-edged pencil type ZnO flowers and BiOI flakes combined with carbon nanofibers as heterostructured hybrid photocatalysts for the removal of hazardous pollutants from contaminated water.

The growth of advanced micro-and nanostructures with metal oxides has consistently generated extraordinary interest in energy and environmental applications. Cutting-edge nanostructures exhibit superior reactive sites and surface areas, thus improving the performance in crucial domains. In this study, sharp-edged pencil-type ZnO flowers and BiOI flakes as pristine materials, and their composition with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) (ZnO-BiOI@CNFs) as a hetero hybrid catalyst as well as binary compositions such as ZnO-BiOI, ZnO@CNFs, and BiOI@CNFs catalysts were fabricated using a simple and convenient hydrothermal synthesis process.

Natural sub-bituminous coal as filler enhances mechanical, insulation and flame retardant properties of coir-polypropylene bio-composites.

Additives provide substantial improvement in the properties of composites. Although bio-based composites are preferred over synthetic polymer and metal-based composites, they do not have the requisite properties to meet specific needs. Hence, organic, inorganic and metallic additives are included to improve the properties of bio-based composites.

Localization of lung abnormalities on chest X-rays using self-supervised equivariant attention.

Unlabelled: Chest X-Ray (CXR) images provide most anatomical details and the abnormalities on a 2D plane. Therefore, a 2D view of the 3D anatomy is sometimes sufficient for the initial diagnosis. However, close to fourteen commonly occurring diseases are sometimes difficult to identify by visually inspecting the images.

Onion ring sign on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in diabetic macular edema: Its evolution and outcomes.

Purpose: To report evolution and outcomes of hyperreflective crystalline deposit (HCD) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic maculopathy (DM).

Methods: Patients with DM showing HCD on OCT for the first time between June 2017 and May 2021 were included in the study. Demographic, ophthalmic and OCT features were documented and analysed.

Perceived Wellbeing, Happiness, and Related Challenges among Indian College Students.

The present study aimed to examine the conceptualisation and determinants of happiness among Indian college students and identify areas in which they require help. The sample consisted of 362 students in the age group of 18 to 30 years (M = 20.9, SD = 2.

Prevalence of depression and anxiety in older people in low- and middle- income countries in Africa, Asia and South America: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is rapid growth of older people in Low- and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs). The aim of this review was to assess the literature on prevalence of anxiety and depression in this demographic, which to our knowledge, has not yet been conducted.

Methods: Databases including Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, Scielo and African Journals Online were searched for terms including "mental disorders", "neurotic disorders", "mood disorders" and "anxiety disorders".

Ceramic Onlay: A Case Report.

With the growing demand for minimally invasive dental restoration, conservative treatment options offer good aesthetic outcomes and durability with minimal tooth reduction. The use of ceramics in dental restoration has been on the rise in the past two decades due to its long-term benefits and capacity to produce a superior bond to tooth structure when used in conjunction with adhesive cement and acid-etch procedures. A ceramic onlay, which covers one or more cusps, also helps to preserve dental tissue.

Internal limiting membrane detachment in acute Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: clinical features, multimodal imaging, outcomes & prognostic biomarker.

Purpose: To report the clinical features, multi-modal imaging characteristics and their corroboration, and prognostic value of internal limiting membrane detachment (ILMD), a novel OCT biomarker in acute CRAO.

Design: Retrospective observational case-control study at institutional tertiary eye care centers.

Methods: 60 eyes of 60 patients of acute CRAO with optical coherence tomography (OCT) at baseline were included.

Aberrant filling of the retinal vein on fluorescein angiography in branch and hemi-central retinal artery occlusion.

Objective: To study aberrant filling of the retinal vessels on fluorescein angiography (FA) images in patients with branch (BRAO) or hemi-central retinal artery occlusions (hemi-CRAO) and correlate with associated changes on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Cases of acute BRAO or hemi-CRAO having FA and OCT images at presentation between June 2017 to May 2022 were included. Comparisons were made between the cases with and without aberrant filling of the retinal vessel.

The In Vitro Effect of Laser Irradiation (Er:YAG and CO) and Chemical Reagents (Hydrogen Peroxide, Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine, or Sodium Fluoride) Alone or in Combination on Reducing Root Caries Bacteria.

(1) Lasers have been used for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity and bacterial reductions in periodontology. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of Carbon Dioxide (CO) and Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) lasers with chlorhexidine (CHX), hydrogen peroxide (HO), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), or sodium fluoride (NaF) on the viability of oral bacteria associated with root caries. (2) , , and were grown in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth, diluted to an OD660 of 0.

Single Wedge Femoral Stem Designs are Associated With a Higher Risk for Revision After Cementless Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) femoral stems are the most commonly selected prostheses in the United States. Optimal stem geometry remains controversial with excellent survivorship reported for many designs. We compared cause-specific stem revision of single-wedge versus double-wedge designs from a multicenter US cohort.

Efficacy and Safety of Molnupiravir in Mild COVID-19 Patients in India.

Background At the peak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the need for an orally administered agent to prevent the progression of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection became increasingly evident, which was the impetus behind our investigations with molnupiravir. Molnupiravir has been shown to be effective in preventing hospitalizations and/or clinical complications in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of molnupiravir in Indian patients with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and at least one risk factor for disease progression (CTRI/2021/05/033739).

Redistribution of lamina-associated domains reshapes binding of pioneer factor FOXA2 in development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the elderly, impacting 40% of individuals over 70. Regulation of heterochromatin at the nuclear lamina has been associated with aging and age-dependent metabolic changes. We previously showed that changes at the lamina in aged hepatocytes and laminopathy models lead to redistribution of lamina-associated domains (LADs), opening of repressed chromatin, and up-regulation of genes regulating lipid synthesis and storage, culminating in fatty liver.

The in vitro and in vivo potential of metal-chelating agents as metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitors against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales.

The recent surge in beta-lactamase resistance has created superbugs, which pose a current and significant threat to public healthcare. This has created an urgent need to keep pace with the discovery of inhibitors that can inactivate these beta-lactamase producers. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo activity of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7 triacetic acid (NOTA)-a potential metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) inhibitor was evaluated in combination with meropenem against MBL producing bacteria.

Synthetic cytokine circuits that drive T cells into immune-excluded tumors.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are ineffective against solid tumors with immunosuppressive microenvironments. To overcome suppression, we engineered circuits in which tumor-specific synNotch receptors locally induce production of the cytokine IL-2. These circuits potently enhance CAR T cell infiltration and clearance of immune-excluded tumors, without systemic toxicity.

Developing High-Performance In-Plane Flexible Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries with Laser-Scribed Carbon-Supported All Electrodeposited Electrodes.

Developing high-performance, safer, and affordable flexible batteries is of urgent need to power the fast-growing flexible electronics market. In this respect, zinc-ion chemistry employing aqueous-based electrolytes represents a promising combination considering the safety, cost efficiency, and both high energy and high-power output. Herein, we represent a high-performance flexible in-plane aqueous zinc-ion miniaturized battery constructed with all electrodeposited electrodes, i.

Are fewer cases of diabetes mellitus diagnosed in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Long-term sequelae of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may include an increased incidence of diabetes. Our objective was to describe the temporal relationship between new diagnoses of diabetes mellitus and SARS-CoV-2 infection in a nationally representative database. There appears to be a sharp increase in diabetes diagnoses in the 30 days surrounding SARS-CoV-2 infection, followed by a decrease in new diagnoses in the post-acute period, up to 360 days after infection.

Thoracolumbar Sacral Orthosis for Spinal Fractures: What's the Evidence and Do Patients Use Them?

Introduction The general consensus regarding the non-operative management of thoracolumbar (TL) spine fractures revolves around the use of thoracolumbar spine orthosis (TLSO). The efficacy of TLSO bracing remains controversial within the current literature, with several studies showing that prolonged brace use is associated with diminished lung capacity, skin breakdown, and paraspinal muscular atrophy, with no significant difference in pain and functional outcomes between patients treated with or without TLSO. Aims The aim of this study was to identify the number of braces issued over the duration of the study and understand the cost implication, added length of stay, and patient satisfaction based on a questionnaire and reflect on whether we need to change our practice on the use of TLSO.

Tamoxifen retinopathy and macular telangiectasia: A comparative case series.

Purpose: To report a case series of tamoxifen retinopathy (TR) with and without type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and compare their clinical and imaging findings.

Methods: Retrospective comparative study. Female patients with tamoxifen use or with clinical diagnosis of type 2 MacTel were divided into 4 groups: Group A-tamoxifen use without retinopathy; Group B-tamoxifen use with retinopathy; Group C-type 2 MacTel with tamoxifen use and Group D-type 2 MacTel without tamoxifen use.