Optimizing the Steering of Driverless Personal Mobility Pods with a Novel Differential Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm (DHHO) and Encoder Modeling.

This paper aims to improve the steering performance of the Ackermann personal mobility scooter based on a new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm named Differential Harris Hawks Optimization (DHHO) and the modeling of the steering encoder. The steering response in the Ackermann mechanism is crucial for automated driving systems (ADS), especially in localization and path-planning phases. Various methods presented in the literature are used to control the steering, and meta-heuristic optimization algorithms have achieved prominent results.

Physicians' knowledge and attitudes towards telesurgery and its associated factors in a resource-limited setting, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: a cross-sectional study design.

Background: Telesurgery has become helpful in overcoming the current shortage of surgeons and reducing the barriers to timely and effective surgical intervention caused by long-distance travel, which is caused by distance, cost, complexity and frequent hazards. However, knowledge and attitude remain challenges in the implementation of such a system.

Objective: This study aimed to assess physicians' knowledge and attitude towards telesurgery and associated factors at resource-limited setting, Northwest Ethiopia.

Morphological abnormalities of leukocytes in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Introduction: The causative agent of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is an enveloped RNA (ribonucleic acid) virus of the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) family. The effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the differentiation and maturation of blood cells have been the subject of several studies, we report our experience of an investigation of the morphologic abnormalities of leukocytes observed during COVID-19.

Patients And Methods: This is a prospective study of 5 months, from February 2021 to June 2021.

Efficacy of Cerebellar Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating Essential Tremor: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial.

Background And Purpose: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the cerebellar hemisphere represents a new option in treating essential tremor (ET) patients. We aimed to determine the efficacy of cerebellar rTMS in treating ET using different protocols regarding the number of sessions, exposure duration, and follow-up duration.

Methods: A randomized sham-controlled trial was conducted, in which 45 recruit patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups.

Corrigendum: BM-MSCs alleviate diabetic nephropathy in male rats by regulating ER stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors as treatment for erectile dysfunction: a webinar-based poll unveiling perceptions of healthcare professionals.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is marked by a recurring incapacity to achieve or uphold a satisfactory erection during sexual activities. The study aims to increase awareness about male reproductive health, dispel misconceptions about ED and encourage physician-patient discussions. A live online poll was conducted during a 3-day webinar titled "Turning the Tide of Men's Health" organized by Viatris™ in collaboration with the Saudi Society of Family and Community Medicine and attended by healthcare professionals (HCPs) from diverse specialties.

Resting heart rate associations with violence exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms: sex differences in children.

Background: Traumatic events experienced in childhood can lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disorders in adulthood. Black Americans are disproportionately affected, as they are at increased risk for experiencing childhood trauma and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. One of the hypothesized mechanisms of this association is through long-lasting dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, a hallmark physiological biomarker of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is twice as prevalent in women compared to men.

Case report: Rapid recovery after intrathecal rituximab administration in refractory anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: report of two cases.

Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is one of the most prevalent etiologies of autoimmune encephalitis. Approximately 25% of anti-NMDAR encephalitis cases prove refractory to both first- and second-line treatments, posing a therapeutic dilemma due to the scarcity of evidence-based data for informed decision-making. Intravenous rituximab is commonly administered as a second-line agent; however, the efficacy of its intrathecal administration has rarely been reported.

Nanotechnology Applications in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy.

Next-generation cancer treatments are expected not only to target cancer cells but also to simultaneously train immune cells to combat cancer while modulating the immune-suppressive environment of tumors and hosts to ensure a robust and lasting response. Achieving this requires carriers that can codeliver multiple therapeutics to the right cancer and/or immune cells while ensuring patient safety. Nanotechnology holds great potential for addressing these challenges.

BM-MSCs alleviate diabetic nephropathy in male rats by regulating ER stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a chronic kidney disease, is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a promising option to mitigate several diabetic complications. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in a rat model of STZ-induced DN.

Neurodevelopmental and other phenotypes recurrently associated with heterozygous BAZ2B loss-of-function variants.

The bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger 2B (BAZ2B) gene encodes a chromatin remodeling protein that has been shown to perform a variety of regulatory functions. It has been proposed that loss of BAZ2B function is associated with neurodevelopmental phenotypes, and some recurrent structural birth defects and dysmorphic features have been documented among individuals carrying heterozygous loss-of-function BAZ2B variants. However, additional evidence is needed to confirm that these phenotypes are attributable to BAZ2B deficiency.

Jasmonic Acid Effect on L. Growth Is Related to Inhibition of Plasma Membrane Proton Pump and the Uptake and Assimilation of Nitrates.

When plants are exposed to environmental stress, their growth is inhibited. Under such conditions, controlled inhibition of growth is beneficial for plant survival. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a well-known phytohormone that limits plant growth, which has been confirmed in several species.

Exogenous Putrescine Modulates Nitrate Reductase-Dependent NO Production in Cucumber Seedlings Subjected to Salt Stress.

Polyamines (PAs) are small aliphatic compounds that participate in the plant response to abiotic stresses. They also participate in nitric oxide (NO) production in plants; however, their role in this process remains unknown. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the role of putrescine (Put) in NO production in the roots of cucumber seedlings subjected to salt stress (120 mM NaCl) for 1 and 24 h.

Advancing precision oncology through systematic germline and tumor genetic analysis: The oncogenetic point of view on findings from a prospective multicenter clinical trial of 666 patients.

Introduction: With the emergence of targeted therapies, there is a need to accurately identify more tumor biomarkers. The EXOMA trial was designed to offer tumor and germline exome sequencing (ES) to patients with solid malignant tumors and facing therapeutic failure. As hereditary cancer predispositions could be identified, with genetic counseling and health management implications, a genetic consultation was systematically established.

Prevention of caries and obesity in children with immigrant background in Norway- a study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Immigrants are known to experience greater socioeconomic stress and poorer well-being and to suffer more from lifestyle- and diet-related disorders than native populations. There is also evidence that children of immigrant parents are at greater risk of diverse health problems than their host country cohorts. The aim of this study is to apply and evaluate the efficacy of an early life intervention program among parents/children with immigrant background to prevent childhood caries and obesity, thereby improving the children's general health, oral health, and quality of life.

Chitosan Polymer Functionalized-Activated Carbon/Montmorillonite Composite for the Potential Removal of Lead Ions from Wastewater.

A simple approach for synthesizing a highly adsorbent composite was described for the uptake of heavy metal ions from wastewater. A simple approach for synthesizing a highly adsorbent composite was also described for the elimination of heavy metal ions from contaminated water. The nanocomposite was synthesized via a polymer grafting of chitosan on the activated carbon surface, followed by a stacking process with the layers of montmorillonite clay.

Water and Nutrient Recovery for Cucumber Hydroponic Cultivation in Simultaneous Biological Treatment of Urine and Grey Water.

Water and nutrient deficiencies in soil are becoming a serious threat to crop production. Therefore, usable water and nutrient recovery from wastewater, such as urine and grey water, should be considered. In this work, we showed the possibility of using grey water and urine after processing in an aerobic reactor with activated sludge in which the nitrification process takes place.

Performance Modeling of Spherical Capsules during Mixing of Self-Consolidating Concrete.

Autonomous healing is a very promising technique in self-healing concrete systems. For capsules to achieve their anticipated performance, they should be able to survive the harsh mixing conditions of concrete, yet rupture upon concrete cracking. At present, there are no standard test methods, either experimental or analytical, for determining the capsule survival rate during concrete mixing.

Management of COVID-19-related post-intubation tracheal stenosis.

Introduction: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has affected Italy since the beginning of 2020. Endotracheal intubation, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and tracheostomy are frequently required in patients with severe COVID-19. Tracheal stenosis is a potentially severe condition that can occur as a complication after intubation.

Interactions of Polyamines and Phytohormones in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress.

Numerous environmental conditions negatively affect plant production. Abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, temperature, and heavy metals, cause damage at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular level, and limit plant growth, development, and survival. Studies have indicated that small amine compounds, polyamines (PAs), play a key role in plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses.

Clinical Utility of Genomic Tests Evaluating Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency (HRD) for Treatment Decisions in Early and Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer worldwide. With its increasing incidence, it is a major public health problem, with many therapeutic challenges such as precision medicine for personalized treatment. Thanks to next-generation sequencing (NGS), progress in biomedical technologies, and the use of bioinformatics, it is now possible to identify specific molecular alterations in tumor cells-such as homologous recombination deficiencies (HRD)-enabling us to consider using DNA-damaging agents such as platinum salts or PARP inhibitors.