Revealing antibiotic resistance's ancient roots: insights from pristine ecosystems.

The prevailing belief that antibiotic resistance mechanisms emerged with human antibiotic use has been challenged. Evidence indicates that some antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have a long evolutionary history, predating the advent of antibiotics in human medicine, thereby demonstrating that resistance is an ancient phenomenon. Despite extensive surveys of resistance elements in environments impacted by human activity, limited data are available from remote and pristine habitats.

Rich diversity of RNA viruses in the biological control agent, Orius laevigatus.

Orius laevigatus (Hemiptera, Anthocoridae) is a generalist predator extensively used for the biocontrol of diverse agricultural pests. Previous studies on O. laevigatus have focused on the improvement of insect genetic traits, but little is known about its association with microbes, especially viruses that may influence its production and efficacy.

Inheritance and Biological Characterization of an Orange-nymph Mutant in (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae).

A mutation showing a distinct orange color in the nymph stages was found in (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), a key biological control agent in protected crops, used to control small pests, especially thrips. A laboratory strain carrying this body color mutation was established. Genetic analysis determined that the mutation () was controlled by a single autosomal recessive allele.

Effect of Parental Age and Mating Status on Reproductive Performance of (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae).

The reproductive potential of biological control agents (BCAs) is crucial for efficient mass-rearing and field performance, and it all begins with mating. Fecundity can be strongly influenced by intrinsic conditions, such as female age and, often neglected, male age and mating status. However, little is known about the impact of parental status at mating on female reproductive outcomes in BCAs.

Creation and content validity of a scale for assessing adherence to good practices for COVID-19.

Objective: to create a scale for assessing the adherence of healthcare providers to good practices for COVID-19 in the hospital setting and determine its content and face validity.

Methods: A methodological study was developed in three sequential phases: creation of items and domains based on a literature review and administration of the questionnaire to 16 nursing professionals; assessment of content and face validity by experts; and semantic analysis.

Results: The 51-item scale was submitted to the evaluation of seven experts.

Effect of the Amount of Eggs for Rearing on Development, Survival, and Reproduction of .

is a key tool for the success of augmentative biological control programs in protected crops. This biological control agent is mass-reared feeding on eggs of . However, this factitious prey is expensive, accounting for a significant percentage of the rearing costs.

Storage Proteins Are Driving Pediatric Hazelnut Allergy in a Lipid Transfer Protein-Rich Area.

Oral food challenge (OFC) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of food allergies. However, this test is not without risks, given that severe allergic reactions can be triggered while it is conducted. The purpose of this study is to identify potential demographic variables, clinical characteristics of the patients and biomarkers that may be associated with severe reactions during the hazelnut oral challenge test.

Safety and Effectiveness of a Single Multiallergen Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Polyallergic Patients.

Background: As the number of allergic sensitizations increases the severity of allergic respiratory diseases worsens. Multiple monoallergen immunotherapy can be accompanied by poor treatment adherence and high costs, single multiallergen immunotherapy needs to prove efficacy whilst maintaining a good safety profile.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study using a 2-pollen single undiluted multiallergen subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in routine clinical practice in Spain.

Assessment of the psychometric properties of the 17- and 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scales in major depressive disorder, bipolar depression and bipolar depression with mixed features.

Assessing therapeutic response in depression requires scales that adequately measure the core symptoms of depressive symptomatology. The main goal of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) and the 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D6) in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), bipolar depression and bipolar depression with mixed features. We conducted a reanalysis of a pragmatic clinical trial in an outpatient clinic for mood disorders that included eight weeks of follow-up.

Prevalence estimates and risk factors for early childhood wheeze across Europe: the EuroPrevall birth cohort.

Background: Preschool wheeze is an important problem worldwide. No comparative population-based studies covering different countries have previously been undertaken.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of early childhood wheeze across Europe and evaluate risk factors focusing on food allergy, breast feeding and smoke exposure.

Clinical and Vitamin Response to a Short-Term Multi-Micronutrient Intervention in Brazilian Children and Teens: From Population Data to Interindividual Responses.

Scope: Micronutrients are in small amounts in foods, act in concert, and require variable amounts of time to see changes in health and risk for disease. These first principles are incorporated into an intervention study designed to develop new experimental strategies for setting target recommendations for food bioactives for populations and individuals.

Methods And Results: A 6-week multivitamin/mineral intervention is conducted in 9-13 year olds.

Consensus document on dog and cat allergy.

The prevalence of sensitization to dogs and cats varies by country, exposure time and predisposition to atopy. It is estimated that 26% of European adults coming to the clinic for suspected allergy to inhalant allergens are sensitized to cats and 27% to dogs. This document is intended to be a useful tool for clinicians involved in the management of people with dog or cat allergy.

Satisfaction and quality of life of allergic patients following sublingual five-grass pollen tablet immunotherapy in Spain.

Background: Five-grass pollen tablet is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC). This trial sought to determine the satisfaction and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients undergoing this treatment.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicentre, observational, naturalistic study, following a discontinuous pre- and co-seasonal five-grass pollen regimen over two seasons in Spain (2012, 2013).

Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: A Spanish Guideline. Immunotherapy Egg and Milk Spanish Guide (ITEMS Guide). Part I: Cow Milk and Egg Oral Immunotherapy: Introduction, Methodology, Rationale, Current State, Indications, Contraindications, and Oral Immunotherapy Build-up Phase.

Background And Objective: Cow milk and egg are the most frequent causes of food allergy in the first years of life. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been investigated as an alternative to avoidance diets. No clinical practice guidelines on the management of OIT with milk and egg are currently available.

Oral immunotherapy for food allergy: A Spanish guideline. Egg and milk immunotherapy Spanish guide (ITEMS GUIDE). Part 2: Maintenance phase of cow milk (CM) and egg oral immunotherapy (OIT), special treatment dosing schedules. Models of dosing schedules of OIT with CM and EGG.

Introduction: Cow's milk and egg are the most frequent causes of food allergy in the first years of life. Treatments such as oral immunotherapy (OIT) have been investigated as an alternative to avoidance diets. No clinical practice guides on the management of OIT with milk and egg are currently available.

Oral immunotherapy for food allergy: A Spanish guideline. Immunotherapy egg and milk Spanish guide (items guide). Part I: Cow milk and egg oral immunotherapy: Introduction, methodology, rationale, current state, indications contraindications and oral immunotherapy build-up phase.

Introduction: Cow's milk and egg are the most frequent causes of food allergy in the first years of life. Treatments such as oral immunotherapy (OIT) have been investigated as an alternative to avoidance diets. No clinical practice guides on the management of OIT with milk and egg are currently available.

Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: A Spanish Guideline. Egg and Milk Immunotherapy Spanish Guide (ITEMS GUIDE). Part II: Maintenance Phase of Cow Milk (CM) and Egg Oral Immunotherapy (OIT), Special Treatment Dosing Schedules. Models of Dosing Schedules of OIT With CM and Egg.

Background And Objective: Cow milk and egg are the most frequent causes of food allergy in the first years of life. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been investigated as an alternative to avoidance diets. No clinical practice guidelines on the management of OIT with milk and egg are currently available.

Oral Food Desensitization in Children With IgE-Mediated Cow's Milk Allergy: Immunological Changes Underlying Desensitization.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy to induce clinical desensitization to cow's milk (CM) of an oral immunotherapy (OIT) protocol in a pediatric population with cow's milk allergy (CMA). In addition, the immune responses against β-casein, of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from CMA patients, before and after the protocol were evaluated and compared to a nonallergic population.

Methods: A group of 20 children with IgE-mediated CMA and 15 nonallergic children were recruited.

Diversity of culturable Gram-negative bacteria isolated from irrigation water of two rice crop regions in Southern Brazil.

In this study, we assessed the diversity of Gram-negative bacteria found in water used for irrigation of rice crops in two growing areas of southern Brazil. Samples were collected from the main irrigation channel and field drain area. Twenty-two bacterial species were found in Cachoeirinha and 28 in Camaquã.

Microbial, physical and chemical properties of irrigation water in rice fields of Southern Brazil.

This paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of microbiological, physical and chemical parameters related to the quality of the water used in rice fields in Southern Brazil. Data were collected during three consecutive crop years, within structure of a comprehensive monitoring program. The indicators used were: potential hydrogen, electrical conductivity, turbidity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, total and fecal coliforms.

Evaluating response to mood stabilizers in patients with mixed depression: A study of agreement between three different mania rating scales and a depression rating scale.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate agreement between three pairs formed by one of three mania scales (Young Mania Rating Scale [YMRS], Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale [BRMS], or the Clinician-Administered Rating Scale for Mania [CARS-M]) and a single depression scale (21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [21-HAM-D]) for evaluation of response to mood stabilizers in patients with mixed bipolar disorder.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2014, 68 consecutive bipolar type I and II outpatients with mixed depression as per DSM-IV-TR and Cincinnati criteria were included in this 8-week open-label trial to randomly receive carbamazepine, lithium carbonate, or valproic acid as monotherapy.

Results: Patterns of response (defined as a reduction of at least 50% in one of the mania scales and on the 21-HAM-D) were strikingly similar: 21-HAM-D+YMRS=22.

Clinical efficacy and immunological changes subjacent to egg oral immunotherapy.

Background: Evidence of the efficacy of food oral immunotherapy (OIT) is not robust enough to change clinical practice from current standard management. Furthermore, the immunologic changes underlying food desensitization are unknown.

Objective: To establish the immunologic basal status and differences between an egg-allergic group of children and a population of nonallergic children and to investigate the safety and efficacy of a specific egg OIT protocol to induce clinical desensitization and the associated immune responses.

Incidence and natural history of challenge-proven cow's milk allergy in European children--EuroPrevall birth cohort.

Background: Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most commonly reported childhood food problems. Community-based incidence and prevalence estimates vary widely, due to possible misinterpretations of presumed reactions to milk and differences in study design, particularly diagnostic criteria.

Methods: Children from the EuroPrevall birth cohort in 9 European countries with symptoms possibly related to CMA were invited for clinical evaluation including cows' milk-specific IgE antibodies (IgE), skin prick test (SPT) reactivity and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge.

The impact of double-blind placebo- controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) on the socioeconomic cost of food allergy in Europe.

Background: Double-blind placebo controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) is the gold standard diagnostic test in food allergy because it minimizes diagnostic bias.

Objective: To investigate the potential effect of diagnosis on the socioeconomic costs of food allergy.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal cost analysis study was conducted in Spain and Poland within the EuroPrevall project.