The Burden of Food Insecurity on Quality of Life in Adults with Diabetes.

: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and physical- and mental-health-related quality of life in adults with diabetes. : Using two years of national Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (2016-2017), we investigated the relationship between food insecurity and physical-health-related (PCS) and mental-health-related (MCS) quality of life in adults with diabetes. PCS and MCS were measured with the Short-Form 12 health survey and food insecurity was measured with the USDA 10-item adult scale.

Association Between Recent Criminal Legal Involvement and Functional Status Among US Adults with Diabetes: 2015-2019.

Diabetes is a significant public health concern with significant implications for health equity. Functional disability undermines disease control and may be associated with the relationship between criminal legal involvement and poor chronic disease outcomes, but this relationship has not been studied. This study examined the association between recent criminal legal involvement and functional disability among a nationally representative sample of US adults with diabetes.

The association between age and functional disability in US adults with lifetime exposure to the criminal legal system, 2015-2019.

Importance: As the global population ages, the proportion of individuals living with functional disability is increasing. Evidence suggests that functional disability is associated with worse health outcomes and is concentrated in populations with high rates of concurrent social risk factors such as criminal legal involvement (CLI), making it an increasingly important issue for advocates of health equity.

Objective: To determine whether age is associated with functional disability in a nationally representative sample of United States adults with lifetime exposure to the criminal legal system.

Combined Diabetes Education/Skills Training and Social Needs Resolution Intervention for Older African Americans with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes (DM Social Needs): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Approximately 11.3% of the US population has diabetes. The burden of diabetes is higher in older adults and African Americans (AAs), such that 40% of adults aged 50 years and older have diabetes; African Americans are 60% more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs).

Prevalence of Diabetes and the Relationship Between Wealth and Social Demographic Characteristics Across 6 Low-and-Middle Income Countries.

Background: As the global burden of diabetes persists, research is needed to understand the role of wealth and correlates of diabetes across regions of the world. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and role of wealth and diabetes across 6 low- and middle- income countries while also accounting for independent correlates of diabetes by country.

Methods: Data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE), SAGE Wave 1 was used.

Social Risk and Clinical Outcomes Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Importance: No clear process exists for categorizing social risks in a way that informs effective social risk screening and intervention development.

Objective: To investigate social risk profiles and associations of those profiles with clinical outcomes in adults with diabetes using latent profile analysis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: For this cross-sectional study, a latent profile analysis was conducted using data for adults with type 2 diabetes collected at 2 primary care clinics in the Southeastern US from 2013 to 2014.

Material needs security and cardiovascular risk factors in rural South Africa.

Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is burgeoning in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is increasing, though rates of CVD diagnosis and management remain low. Awareness of the influence of social determinants of health (SDOH) on cardiovascular outcomes is growing, however, most work focuses on high-income countries.

A Regional Survey of Attitudes and Experiences in Determining When to Prescribe Intranasal Naloxone for Patients Seen in Palliative Care Clinics in the United States of America.

Background: Published guidelines that help clinicians identify patients who would benefit from the co-prescription of intranasal naloxone (IN) exclude "palliative care patients." In the absence of clear care standards, palliative care (PC) clinicians may experience uncertainty in how to approach IN co-prescriptions.

Objective: Explore the attitudes of PC clinicians in the United States of America who work at regional health care institutions regarding IN prescriptions for patients they prescribe opioids for.

Identifying Individuals with Highest Social Risk in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Using Item Response Theory.

Objective: The aim of this analysis was to create a parsimonious tool to screen for high social risk using item response theory to discriminate across social risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Cross-sectional data of 615 adults with diabetes recruited from two primary care clinics were used. Participants completed assessments including validated scales on economic instability (financial hardship), neighborhood and built environment (crime, violence, neighborhood rating), education (highest education, health literacy), food environment (food insecurity), social and community context (social isolation), and psychological risk factors (perceived stress, depression, serious psychological distress, diabetes distress).

Differential Effect of Patient- and Provider-Level Factors on Patient Satisfaction Scores in Academic General Internal Medicine Clinics.

Objective: Determine whether patient-level or provider-level factors have greater influence on patient satisfaction scores in an academic general internal medicine clinic.

Methods: Two years of data (2017-2019) from the Clinician and Group Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CGCAHPS) surveys from ambulatory internal medicine clinic visits in an academic health center located in the Midwest United States were used. Patient satisfaction was measured using the overall provider satisfaction score (0-10), dichotomized with 9-10 defined as satisfactory and 0-8 as unsatisfactory.

COVID-19 Information, Trust, and Risk Perception Across Diverse Communities in the United States: Initial Findings from a Multistate Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL).

To provide initial findings from Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL), a multistate effort funded by the National Institutes of Health, to conduct urgent community-engaged research and outreach focused on COVID-19 awareness, education, and evidence-based response. We collected survey data (November 2020-November 2022) from 21 CEAL teams from 29 state and regional CEAL sites spanning 19 US states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, which covered priority populations served and trusted sources of information about COVID-19, including prevention behaviors, vaccination, and clinical trials. A disproportionate number of respondents were Latino (45%) or Black (40%).

Intimate partner violence and antenatal care utilization predictors in Uganda: an analysis applying Andersen's behavioral model of healthcare utilization.

Background: Optimal utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services improves positive pregnancy experiences and birth outcomes. However, paucity of evidence exists on which factors should be targeted to increase ANC utilization among women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in Uganda.

Objective: To determine the independent association between IPV exposure and ANC utilization as well as the predictors of ANC utilization informed by Andersen's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization.

Healthcare provider experiences interacting with survivors of intimate partner violence: a qualitative study to inform survivor-centered approaches.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a pervasive form of gender-based violence (GBV) that is largely undisclosed, especially among women seeking healthcare services in Uganda. Prioritizing survivor needs may improve IPV disclosure. This study explores healthcare worker experiences from provider-patient interactions with survivors seeking antenatal care services (ANC) in Uganda.

Spatial accessibility to health facilities among pregnant women with and without exposure to intimate partner violence in Uganda.

Background: Poor physical access to health facilities could increase the likelihood of undetected intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy. We aimed to determine sub-regional differences and associations between spatial accessibility to health facilities and IPV among pregnant women in Uganda.

Method: Weighted cross-sectional analyses were conducted using merged 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey and 2014 Uganda Bureau of Statistics health facility datasets.

Addressing Structural Inequalities, Structural Racism, and Social Determinants of Health: a Vision for the Future.

Significant national discourse has focused on the idea of structural inequalities and structural racism within a variety of societal sectors, including healthcare. This perspective provides an understanding of the historic and pervasive nature of structural inequalities and structural racism; uses well-known frameworks in health equity research for conceptualizing structural inequality and structural racism; offers a summary of the consequences of structural inequalities and structural racism on modern-day health outcomes; and concludes with strategies and suggestions for a way forward. Recommended strategies across different sectors of influence include (a) employment and economic empowerment sector: creating capacity for individuals to earn livable wages; (b) education sector: developing new funding structures to ensure equal opportunities are offered to all; (c) healthcare sector: prioritizing universal access to high-quality health care, including mental health treatment; (d) housing sector: improving access to affordable, safe housing through public-private partnerships; (e) criminal justice sector: focusing reform on restorative justice that is people-centric instead of punitive; and (f) environmental sector: creating sustainable systems that alleviate downstream consequences of climate change.

Substance Use Disorders, Mental Illness, and Health Care Utilization Among Adults With Recent Criminal Legal Involvement.

Objective: Individuals involved with the criminal legal system have higher rates of mental illness, addiction, and health care utilization. The authors examined whether substance use disorders and mental illness alone or in combination drive health care utilization among those with recent criminal legal involvement.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used nationally representative data from U.

The Associations Between Medical and Mental Health Conditions and Health Care Utilization in US Adults with Past-Year Criminal Legal Involvement.

Background: Every year, millions of US adults return home from prison or jail, and they visit the emergency department and experience hospitalizations at higher rates than the general population. Little is known about the primary conditions that drive this acute care use.

Objective: To determine the individual and combined associations between medical and mental health conditions and acute health care utilization among individuals with recent criminal legal involvement in a nationally representative sample of US adults.

Relationship between Satisfaction Scores and Racial/Ethnic and Sex Concordance in Primary Care.

Unlabelled: Racial/ethnic and sex concordance between patients and providers has been suggested as an important consideration in improving satisfaction and increasing health equity. We aimed to guide local efforts by understanding the relationship between satisfaction with care and patient-provider racial/ethnic and sex concordance within our academic medical center's primary care clinic.

Methods: Satisfaction data for encounters from August 2016 to August 2019 were matched to data from the medical record for patient demographics and comorbidities.

Examining the Relationship between Social Determinants of Health and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Black Women.

Objective: Our objective was to examine associations between social determinants of health (cultural, neighborhood, and psychosocial factors) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (gestational age at birth [GAB], preterm birth [PTB], and preeclampsia) in Black women.

Study Design: Cross-sectional data ( = 204) comprised adult Black women aged ≥18 years who delivered between 2013 and 2022 in Milwaukee,Wisconsin. Sequential unadjusted linear and logistic regression models were run to evaluate associations between social determinants of health and pregnancy outcomes.

Interventions to address global inequity in diabetes: international progress.

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease with high associated burden and disproportionate costs to communities based on socioeconomic, gender, racial, and ethnic status. Addressing the complex challenges of global inequity in diabetes will require intentional efforts to focus on broader social contexts and systems that supersede individual-level interventions. We codify and highlight best practice approaches to achieve equity in diabetes care and outcomes on a global scale.