Deep and Superficial Dyspareunia Questionnaire: a patient-reported outcome measure for genito-pelvic dyspareunia.

Introduction: Dyspareunia affects 8%-22% of women worldwide and an unknown number of gender-diverse people. Dyspareunia is commonly categorized into deep and superficial subtypes based on pain location and underlying etiology; however, current assessment tools inadequately differentiate between pain locations.

Aim: This study aimed to develop a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) that independently assesses deep and superficial dyspareunia and its psychosocial correlates: the Deep and Superficial Dyspareunia Questionnaire (DSDQ).

Taking a Closer Look at Incivility in Prelicensure Nursing Education: A Narrative Review of Student-to-Faculty Incivility.

Background: Incivility in undergraduate nursing education is a complex, multifaceted issue. Student-to-faculty incivility can be characterized by behaviors that negatively impact the faculty's ability to perform and enjoy their job.

Purpose: To synthesize current research in undergraduate nursing education about student-to-faculty incivility in the classroom setting.

Mutational analysis of the stator subunit E of the yeast V-ATPase.

Subunit E is a component of the peripheral stalk(s) that couples membrane and peripheral subunits of the V-ATPase complex. In order to elucidate the function of subunit E, site-directed mutations were performed at the amino terminus and carboxyl terminus. Except for S78A and D233A/T202A, which exhibited V(1)V(o) assembly defects, the function of subunit E was resistant to mutations.