Realistic operation of two residential cordwood-fired outdoor hydronic heater appliances-Part 3: Optical properties of black and brown carbon emissions.

Residential biomass combustion is a source of carbonaceous aerosol. Inefficient combustion, particularly of solid fuels produces large quantities of black and brown carbon (BC and BrC). These particle types are important as they have noted effects on climate forcing and human health.

Characterization of in-stack particulate emissions from residential wood hydronic heater appliances under different combustion conditions.

In the current work, we provide measurements of size-resolved particle number concentration (PNC), particle mass concentration (PMC), lung-deposited surface area (LDSA), and black carbon (BC) concentration for three biomass fired hydronic heaters during operation in four different combustion conditions. The appliances include one woodchip-fueled hydronic heater and two outdoor cordwood-fueled hydronic heaters. The operating conditions included startup, low output, high output, and burnout.

Realistic operation of two residential cordwood-fired outdoor hydronic heater appliances-Part 1: Particulate and gaseous emissions.

This study investigated how heat demand and fuel loading affect the emissions from outdoor wood-fired hydronic heaters by testing two such appliances using an integrated-duty cycle test method. This test included transient operating conditions, such as cold and hot-starts and modulation between 15 and 100% of maximum rated output. Emission values indicate transient operating conditions produce higher emissions than steady state operation.

Realistic operation of two residential cordwood-fired outdoor hydronic heater appliances-Part 2: Particle number and size.

The use of wood as a fuel for home heating is a concern from an environmental health and safety perspective as biomass combustion appliances emit high concentrations of particulate matter. Wood burning significantly contributes to wintertime particulate matter concentrations in many states in the northern United States. Of particular concern are outdoor wood-fired hydronic heaters.

Effect of Thermal Storage on the Emissions and Efficiency Performance of a Wood-Pellet-Fired Residential Boiler.

Wood pellet boilers for residential heating applications offer the promise of low emissions, high efficiency, and automatic operation. However, when operated in the field, these units operate often at very low loads causing them to cycle. In this study, the performance of a 25 kW modern pellet boiler under emulated field conditions and fixed nominal loads of 15 and 100% has been studied in a lab-with and without a buffer tank.

Evaluation of alternative filter media for particulate matter emission testing of residential wood heating devices.

Unlabelled: The performance of Teflon-coated glass fiber filter media (Pallflex Emfab TX40) is evaluated for particulate matter (PM) sampling of residential wood heating devices in a dilution tunnel. Thirty samples of varying duration and PM loading and concentration were collected from an U.S.