'Mental heAlth and well-being in rUgby pLayers' (MAUL) study: an online survey of diverse cohorts of rugby union players internationally.

Introduction: Mental health and well-being is a relatively under-researched area in rugby, especially outside the elite men's game. Evidence suggests that physical activity and sports benefit mental health and well-being, and rugby provides health-enhancing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.

Objective: This cross-sectional study used an online approach and engaged national rugby governing bodies to understand adult rugby players' mental health and well-being and increase the diversity of the current evidence base.

Co-design of 'Ways of Being', a web-based experience to optimise online arts and culture for mental health in young people.

Aims And Method: We aimed to co-design an intervention optimising the benefits of online arts and culture for mental health in young people for subsequent testing in a trial. Co-design followed the double diamond phases of design, discover, define, develop and deliver.

Results: Navigating the views of all co-designers to produce a testable resource demanded in-depth understanding, and frequent iterations in multiple modalities of the theoretical basis of the intervention, amplification of youth voice and commitment to a common goal.

Online arts and culture for mental health in young people: a qualitative interview study.

Objectives: This study aimed to understand young people's perception of the potential utility of arts and culture, focusing on online access, for supporting their mental health.

Design: A qualitative interview study.

Setting: Online.

Community interventions for anxiety and depression in adults and young people: A systematic review.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that community-based interventions may be effective for anxiety and depression. This study aimed to describe studies of community interventions delivered to adults and/or young people, either in person or online, evaluated in randomised controlled trials and provide an indication as to their effectiveness, acceptability, quality of data and where possible, mechanisms of action. We included interventions delivered at and/or by museums, art galleries, libraries, gardens, music groups/choirs and sports clubs.

Effect of mindfulness-based programmes on elite athlete mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) on the mental health of elite athletes.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Eight online databases (Embase, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses and Google Scholar), plus forward and backward searching from included studies and previous systematic reviews.

A co-produced online cultural experience compared to a typical museum website for mental health in people aged 16-24: A proof-of-principle randomised controlled trial.

Objective: We aimed to compare a co-produced online intervention encompassing the diverse human stories behind art and artefacts, named Ways of Being (WoB), with a typical museum website, the Ashmolean (Ash) on negative affect (NA), positive affect (PA) and psychological distress (K10).

Methods: In this parallel group RCT, 463 YP aged 16-24 were randomly assigned, 231 to WoB and 232 to Ash.

Results: Over the intervention phase (an aggregate score including all post-allocation timepoints to day-five) a group difference was apparent in favour of WoB for NA (WoB-Ash n=448, NA -0.

Use of online cultural content for mental health and well-being during COVID-19 restrictions: cross-sectional survey.

Aims And Method: To gain a deeper understanding of the use of online culture and its potential benefits to mental health and well-being, sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported data on usage, perceived mental health benefits and health status were collected in an online cross-sectional survey during COVID-19 restrictions in the UK in June-July 2020.

Results: In total, 1056 people completed the survey. A high proportion of participants reported finding online culture helpful for mental health; all but one of the benefits were associated with regular use and some with age.

A cultural experience to support mental health in people aged 16-24 during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to a typical museum website: study protocol of an online randomised controlled trial.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of common mental disorders in adolescents and young adults, and their association with poor health and socio-economic outcomes throughout the lifespan, many young people do not seek or receive help for such disorders. There is growing interest in the community sector in supporting mental health in young people; however, there is little by way of experimental research in this area. During the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown, we designed an online cultural experience to reduce anxiety and depression and support mental health in people aged 16-24.

Childhood determinants of past-year anxiety and depression in recently transitioned military personnel.

Background: Anxiety and depression may hamper a smooth transition from military to civilian life and may be important predictors of longer-term health and functioning. However, it is as yet unclear to what extent they are determined by childhood factors in a recently transitioned population.

Methods: We utilised logistic regression and Generalised Structural Equation Modelling to analyse associations of ICD-10 past-year anxiety and depression with childhood trauma and disorder in a recently transitioned population using detailed interview data from the ADF (Australian Defence Force) Transition and Wellbeing Research Programme.

Childhood Trauma and Childhood Mental Disorder in Military and Employed Civilian Men.

We aimed to retrospectively investigate childhood trauma and childhood mental disorder in military and employed civilian men aged 18 to 54 years. Data, derived from the 2010 Australian Defence Force (ADF) Mental Health Prevalence and Wellbeing Study and the 2007 Australian Bureau of Statistics National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing Study, were analyzed and compared using direct age standardization and logistic regression. A greater proportion of ADF reported childhood trauma, multiple trauma types, trauma onset below 12 years of age, and interpersonal trauma than civilian employed men.

Associations Among Childhood Trauma, Childhood Mental Disorders, and Past-Year Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military and Civilian Men.

To identify early life factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we investigated the association between childhood trauma and mental disorders with International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-diagnosed past-year PTSD in employed military and civilian men. Data were derived from the 2010 Australian Defence Force (ADF) Mental Health Prevalence and Wellbeing Study (N = 1,356) and the 2007 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing Study (N = 2,120) and analyzed using logistic regression and generalized structural equation modeling. After controlling for demographics, PTSD was associated with childhood anxiety, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.

Associations of childhood trauma and childhood mental disorder with past-year mental disorder in military and civilian employed men.

Childhood factors are pivotal to understanding mental health over the lifespan. However, there is a dearth of research exploring childhood trauma and childhood disorder simultaneously in determining adult mental disorder. We aimed to analyze childhood trauma and childhood disorder in determining past-year disorder in military and civilian employed men aged 18-60 years.

Childhood trauma and the impact of deployment on the development of mental disorder in military males.

Background: Childhood adversity is associated with mental disorder following military deployment. However, it is unclear how different childhood trauma profiles relate to developing a post-deployment disorder. We investigated childhood trauma prospectively in determining new post-deployment probable disorder.

A qualitative study of the prodrome to first-episode major depressive disorder in adolescents.

Background: Currently, we lack a clear picture of the evolution of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents. The period of disturbance preceding MDD can be conceptualised as the prodrome. The aim of the study was to explore the prodrome of first-episode MDD retrospectively in a group of help-seeking adolescents using qualitative methodologies.

Improved Attitudes to Psychiatry: A Global Mental Health Peer-to-Peer E-Learning Partnership.

Objective: Health links aim to strengthen healthcare systems in low and middle-income countries through mutual exchange of skills, knowledge, and experience. However, student participation remains limited despite growing educational emphasis upon global health. Medical students continue to report negative attitudes to psychiatry in high-income countries, and in Somaliland, the lack of public sector psychiatrists limits medical students' awareness of mental healthcare.

Mental health in Somalia.

Somalia, in the Horn of Africa, suffers violence, political instability and high mortality rates. The recent major drought in Somalia led to what was termed the worst humanitarian disaster in the world. In July 2011 it was reported that nearly 60 000 people had entered into Kenya from Somalia already that year, including 1300 new arrivals every day to the Dadaab refugee camp, described as 'the largest, most congested and one of the most remote refugee camps in the world' (see http://www.

International Health Links movement expands in the United Kingdom.

The need to strengthen health capacity in developing countries is widely documented. The World Health Organization has called for an increase in the number of health workers in all countries experiencing critical shortages, a significant scaling-up of training and more efficient use of existing health workers. Health Links, long-term mutually beneficial partnerships between UK health institutions and their counterparts in developing countries, are helping to fill these gaps.

Public-academic partnerships: Improving human resource provision for mental health in Somaliland.

Links between health institutions in countries with high incomes and those with incomes in the low-middle range are becoming more common, and benefits from these links are increasingly recognized. One such link is between Kings College Hospital and THET (Tropical Health and Education Trust) and their partners in Somaliland. The mental health part of the link consists of public service providers, educational institutions, and local nongovernmental organizations in Somaliland with mental health volunteers from the United Kingdom, led by the Institute of Psychiatry.