Orbital fractures and concurrent ocular injury in a New Zealand tertiary centre.

Background: Orbital fractures are a common presentation to acute care and carry an associated risk of ocular injury, however, previous research has not investigated injury rates by fracture category. These patients are frequently assessed by non-ophthalmic clinicians, however, limited data exists regarding referral patterns and how this impacts recorded injury rates (1-3).

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all orbital fractures presenting to a tertiary hospital in Christchurch, New Zealand between March 2019 and March 2021.

Predictors of the likelihood that patients with rheumatoid arthritis will communicate information about rheumatoid arthritis risk to relatives: A quantitative assessment.

First-degree relatives (FDRs) of people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are increasingly recruited to prediction and prevention studies. Access to FDRs is usually via their proband with RA. Quantitative data on predictors of family risk communication are lacking.

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis which can cause joint damage and reduced quality of life. Early treatment of RA within 3 months of symptom onset is associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, this window of opportunity is often missed.

Adaptations in clinical examinations of medical students in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.

Introduction: Clinical examinations (assessments) are integral to ensuring that medical students can treat patients safely and effectively. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted traditional formats of clinical examinations. This prompted Medical Schools to adapt their approaches to conducting these examinations to make them suitable for delivery in the pandemic.

Predictors of interest in predictive testing for rheumatoid arthritis among first degree relatives of rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objectives: There is increasing interest in prediction and prevention of RA. It is important to understand the views of those at risk to inform the development of effective approaches. First-degree relatives (FDRs) of RA patients are at increased risk of RA.

Periocular Presentation of Solitary Plasmacytomas and Multiple Myeloma.

Aims: To describe patients with periocular solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEMP) and multiple myeloma (MM), together with an estimate of the risk of progression from SEMP to MM.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective case-note review for patients seen between 1978 and 2020, examining demographics, presentation, imaging, pathology, management, and outcome.

Results: Twenty patients (10 male; 50%) presented at a mean age of 60.

Development and formative evaluation of patient research partner involvement in a multi-disciplinary European translational research project.

Plain English Summary: Patient and public involvement (PPI) improves the quality of health research and ensures that research is relevant to patients' needs. Though PPI is increasingly evident in clinical and health services research, there are few examples in the research literature of effective PPI in translational and laboratory-based research. In this paper, we describe the development and evaluation of PPI in a multi-centre European project (EuroTEAM - owards arly biomarkers in rthritis anagement) that included both translational and laboratory-based and psychosocial research.

Health-care professionals' perceptions of interacting with patients of South Asian origin attending early inflammatory arthritis clinics.

Objective: The aim was to explore the perceptions of rheumatology health-care professionals (HCPs) of interacting with patients of South Asian origin attending early inflammatory arthritis clinics.

Methods: We used face-to-face semi-structured interviews, designed in partnership with a clinician partner, to interview 10 HCPs involved in the running of early inflammatory arthritis clinics across seven centres in the UK. Data were recorded, transcribed by an independent company and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Experiences of South Asian patients in early inflammatory arthritis clinic: a qualitative interview study.

Objective: The aim was to explore how UK South Asian patients living with RA interact with health care professionals and experience receiving health information in an early inflammatory arthritis clinic.

Methods: A semi-structured interview schedule, designed in conjunction with a patient partner, was used for face-to-face interviews. South Asian participants with RA were recruited from Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust.

Perceptions of first-degree relatives of patients with rheumatoid arthritis about lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions to reduce the risk of rheumatoid arthritis development: a qualitative interview study.

Background: There is increasing interest in the identification of people at risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to monitor the emergence of early symptoms (and thus allow early therapy), offer lifestyle advice to reduce the impact of environmental risk factors and potentially offer preventive pharmacological treatment for those at high risk. Close biological relatives of people with RA are at an increased risk of developing RA and are therefore potential candidates for research studies, screening initiatives and preventive interventions. To ensure the success of approaches of this kind, a greater understanding of the perceptions of this group relating to preventive measures is needed.

Delays between the onset of symptoms and first rheumatology consultation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the UK: an observational study.

Objective: To investigate delays from symptom onset to rheumatology assessment for patients with a new onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or unclassified arthritis.

Methods: Newly presenting adults with either RA or unclassified arthritis were recruited from rheumatology clinics. Data on the length of time between symptom onset and first seeing a GP (patient delay), between first seeing a general practitioner (GP) and being referred to a rheumatologist (general practitioner delay) and being seen by a rheumatologist following referral (hospital delay) were captured.

I Would Never Take Preventive Medication! Perspectives and Information Needs of People Who Underwent Predictive Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: Little is known about the experiences, values, and needs of people without arthritis who undergo predictive biomarker testing for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our study aimed to explore the perspectives of these individuals and describe their information needs.

Methods: A qualitative, multicenter interview study with a thematic analysis was conducted in Austria, Germany and the UK.

Searching for a prodrome for rheumatoid arthritis in the primary care record: A case-control study in the clinical practice research datalink.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has articular and non-articular manifestations. Early, intensive treatment has substantial benefit for both. This requires patients be identified as soon as symptoms develop.

Initial validation and results of the Symptoms in Persons At Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis (SPARRA) questionnaire: a EULAR project.

Objectives: To describe the development and assess the psychometric properties of the novel 'Symptoms in Persons At Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis' (SPARRA) questionnaire in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to quantify their symptoms.

Methods: The questionnaire items were derived from a qualitative study in patients with seropositive arthralgia. The questionnaire was administered to 219 individuals at risk of RA on the basis of symptoms or autoantibody positivity: 74% rheumatoid factor and/or anticitrullinated protein antibodies positive, 26% seronegative.

The Impact of Financial Hardship on Single Parents: An Exploration of the Journey From Social Distress to Seeking Help.

Single parent families are at high risk of financial hardship which may impact on psychological wellbeing. This study explored the impact of financial hardship on wellbeing on 15 single parents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using constructivist thematic analysis.

UK-South Asian patients' experiences of and satisfaction toward receiving information about biologics in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes painful joint inflammation and is incurable, but treatments control RA. Drug regimens are complex, and patients often do not take their medication as expected. Poor medication adherence can lead to poorly controlled disease and worse patient outcomes.

A qualitative exploration of physical, mental and ocular fatigue in patients with primary Sjögren's Syndrome.

Introduction: Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) affects exocrine glands such as those producing the tear film, leading to dry and painful eyes, but is also associated with fatigue. The experience of fatigue in pSS, and its relationship with sicca symptoms, is poorly understood.

Methods: Twenty people diagnosed with pSS were recruited to participate in a semi-structured qualitative interview about their symptoms experience.

The pathway to consultation for rheumatoid arthritis: exploring anticipated actions between the onset of symptoms and face-to-face encounter with a healthcare professional.

Background: When people first experience symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) they often delay seeking medical attention resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. This research assesses behaviours people might engage in prior to, or instead of, seeking medical attention and compares these with behaviours related to illnesses which are better publicised.

Methods: Thirty-one qualitative interviews with members of the general public explored intended actions in relation to two hypothetical RA vignettes (with and without joint swelling) and two non-RA vignettes (bowel cancer and angina).

Forefoot Adduction Is a Risk Factor for Jones Fracture.

Jones fractures are among the most common fractures of the foot; however, much remains unknown about their etiology. The purpose of the present study was to further examine the risk factors of forefoot and hindfoot alignment on Jones fractures using an epidemiologic study design. We used a retrospective, matched, case-control study design.

Patients' Perceptions of Their Relatives' Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis and of the Potential for Risk Communication, Prediction, and Modulation.

Objective: To understand the perspectives of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) about the risk of their relatives developing RA in the future, and about communicating with their relatives concerning risk and its modulation.

Methods: Twenty-one RA patients took part in semistructured interviews.

Results: Participants reported willingness to communicate with relatives about their risk of developing RA, but described choosing which relatives to communicate with, on the basis of the relatives' perceived receptivity to such risk information.

Standardisation of labial salivary gland histopathology in clinical trials in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsy is used in the classification of primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS) and in patient stratification in clinical trials. It may also function as a biomarker. The acquisition of tissue and histological interpretation is variable and needs to be standardised for use in clinical trials.

Symptom Recognition and Perceived Urgency of Help-Seeking for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Diseases in the General Public: A Mixed Method Approach.

Objective: Clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are improved if the disease is treated early. However, treatment is often significantly delayed as a result of delayed help-seeking by patients who fail to recognize its symptoms or the need for rapid medical attention. Two studies were conducted to investigate the role of symptom recognition in help-seeking for the symptoms of RA, and compared this to symptom recognition and help-seeking in angina and bowel cancer.