Inflammatory vaginitis in four B-cell suppressed women with Multiple Sclerosis.

B-cell depleting therapies are effective in multiple sclerosis (MS) and are widely used (Hauser et al., 2017). Inflammatory vaginitis (IV), characterized by unexplained vaginal symptoms including mucopurulent discharge, pain, irritation, and dyspareunia, has been reported in one MS patient on ocrelizumab (Filikci and Jensen, 2022), and to be present in 3.

Vaccine-breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in people with multiple sclerosis and related conditions: An observational study by the New York COVID-19 Neuro-Immunology Consortium (NYCNIC-2).

Background: People with MS (PwMS) and related conditions treated with anti-CD20 and S1P modulating therapies exhibit attenuated immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. It remains unclear whether humoral/T-cell responses are valid surrogates for postvaccine immunity.

Objective: To characterize COVID-19 vaccine-breakthrough infections in this population.

A 53-year-old woman with a rapidly progressive, non-enhancing left frontotemporal lesion.

Fifty-three-year-old woman presented with chronic, episodic headache.

Hypogonadism in men with multiple sclerosis: Prevalence and clinical associations.

It has been hypothesized that multiple sclerosis (MS) has hormonal influences, and testosterone may have anti-inflammatory functions in this context. Given prior reports of lower testosterone levels in men with MS in archival serum samples, we evaluated the prevalence of hypogonadism in the clinical setting and its association with disability in men with MS. Subjects were screened for symptoms of hypogonadism using a clinical instrument, and those with positive screens had total and free morning testosterone levels checked.

Successful treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with recombinant interleukin-7 and maraviroc in a patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rapidly progressive, often fatal viral infection of the brain without a known treatment. Recently, case reports have demonstrated survival from PML with therapies that improve cell-mediated immunity, including interleukin-7 (IL-7) or the chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonist, maraviroc (MVC). We present the first known case of a patient with PML successfully treated with both IL-7 and MVC.

Risk of venous thromboembolism in neuromyelitis optica patients hospitalized for acute relapse.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients may be at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) not only due to ambulatory disability but also due to systemic autoimmune and inflammatory mechanisms altering the hemostatic balance.

Objective: To compare the risk of VTE in NMOSD versus multiple sclerosis (MS) patients hospitalized for acute relapses.

Methods: Hospital admissions for MS or NMOSD exacerbations were retrospectively identified.

Optimizing the initial choice and timing of therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

With 12 available US Food and Drug Administration approved medications for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), choosing an initial therapy is no longer a straightforward task. Each disease-modifying therapy (DMT) has a distinct risk-benefit profile and each patient is an individual. Therefore, the development of a simple algorithm to apply in selecting initial therapy is not feasible.

The multiple indications for growth hormone treatment of pediatric patients.

GH has many approved uses in pediatric patients including GH deficiency, CRF, Turner syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, SGA, and ISS. The child should have an appropriate evaluation for poor growth and endocrine consultation as dictated by clinical and investigative findings. Treatment of the child with GH deficiency is universally accepted.

Diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma in pediatric patients by thoracentesis.

The diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma by thoracentesis has been rarely reported in the literature, particularly in children. From 1995 to 2004, we diagnosed six pediatric patients with mature B-cell neoplasms using thoracentesis as the initial diagnostic procedure. The cytology, immunophenotyping, and cytogenetic results of the pleural fluid cells were consistent with mature B-cell malignancies.