A longitudinal study of parental discipline of young children.

Objective: To determine how discipline practices changed over time for young children.

Methods: A cohort of parents with young children were interviewed in clinic about a broad array of disciplinary practices at two points in time.

Results: A total of 182 parents were interviewed at Time 1, and 94 were interviewed at Time 1 and 2.

Pediatric residency training in child abuse and neglect in the United States.

Background: Child abuse and neglect are leading public health problems with significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies indicate that physicians often lack knowledge and confidence in addressing child abuse and neglect.

Objectives: Our goal was to assess the child abuse and neglect curricula in pediatric residency programs as reported by chief residents and to identify levels of preparedness of residents to address child abuse and neglect on graduation.

Factors that affect parental disciplinary practices of children aged 12 to 19 months.

Background: Physicians are encouraged to provide counseling regarding parental discipline. Quality counseling requires knowledge of disciplinary practices and factors that affect these practices.

Methods: One hundred and eighty two parents of 12- to 19-month-old children from general pediatric clinics in North Carolina and Alabama were interviewed regarding discipline using the Discipline Survey.

Occult head trauma in young suspected victims of physical abuse.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of neuroimaging and ophthalmology consults in children evaluated for physical abuse without neurologic symptoms and the diagnostic yield of these studies.

Study Design: Records of neurologically asymptomatic patients younger than 48 months evaluated with a skeletal survey at two academic medical centers were reviewed for frequency of CT or MRI and ophthalmology consults, the results of these tests, and factors associated with given evaluations. Factors associated with positive findings during evaluation were also analyzed.

Factors that facilitate or impede physicians who perform evaluations for child maltreatment.

Physicians are needed to evaluate children for the possibility of maltreatment. In many communities, physicians are reluctant to evaluate children who may have been maltreated. Because it is unclear which factors facilitate and impede physicians' involvement in evaluations for child maltreatment, physicians were surveyed to identify these factors.

Part-time faculty in academic pediatrics, medicine, family medicine, and surgery: the views of the chairs.

Objective: To describe the number of academic medical faculty working part time, the ranks and genders of part-time faculty, the satisfaction with having part-time faculty, and the advantages/disadvantages of employing part-time faculty as reported by department chairs.

Methods: We mailed a survey to all chairs of departments of pediatrics, medicine, family medicine, and surgery in the United States and Puerto Rico. The survey assessed whether the department employed part-time faculty (defined as faculty working more than 0.