Oscillatory Blood Pressure Values in Newborn Infants: Observational Data Over Gestational Ages.

Introduction: Normative blood pressure (BP) values on preterm infants exist but are based on small cohorts of infants. Utilizing electronic medical records (EMR), we can explore earlier gestational ages (GA) and follow their progression to 40 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of infants within the SSM Health System from July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2023.

Oral sodium supplementation on growth and hypertension in preterm infants: an observational cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between enteral sodium supplementation on growth and hypertension (HTN) in preterm infants.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of infants born between 22-32 weeks and weighing 450-1500 grams (N = 821). Enteral sodium supplementation amounts, systolic blood pressures (SBP), weight gain, and other infant and maternal risk factors for HTN were electronically extracted.

Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair.

The laparoscopic approach to ventral hernia repair is a safe and effective approach for both elective and emergent repair. The preoperative technical considerations include assessment of incarceration and potential for extensive adhesiolysis, size of defect, and atypical hernia locations. Preoperative considerations include weight loss and lifestyle modification.

Effects of Discontinuation of Weekly Surveillance Testing on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the NICU.

Objective: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infection is a major cause of serious morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). There is no clear consensus on infection control measures. Some approaches to MRSA colonization management may be burdensome with unclear benefits.

Consensus priority research questions in gastrointestinal and endoscopic surgery in the year 2020: results of a SAGES Delphi study.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to identify consensus priority research questions according to members of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), and to explore differences in priorities according to specific membership subgroups.

Methods: A modified Delphi study was conducted including active members of SAGES. An initial list of research questions was compiled by members of 26 SAGES Committees and Task Forces, and was further refined by the SAGES Delphi Task Force.

Zebrafish Blunt-Force TBI Induces Heterogenous Injury Pathologies That Mimic Human TBI and Responds with Sonic Hedgehog-Dependent Cell Proliferation across the Neuroaxis.

Blunt-force traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects an increasing number of people worldwide as the range of injury severity and heterogeneity of injury pathologies have been recognized. Most current damage models utilize non-regenerative organisms, less common TBI mechanisms (penetrating, chemical, blast), and are limited in scalability of injury severity. We describe a scalable blunt-force TBI model that exhibits a wide range of human clinical pathologies and allows for the study of both injury pathology/progression and mechanisms of regenerative recovery.

Visualizing Ocular Morphogenesis by Lightsheet Microscopy Using rx3:GFP Transgenic Zebrafish.

Vertebrate eye development is a complex process that begins near the end of embryo gastrulation and requires the precise coordination of cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Time-lapse imagining offers unique insight to the behavior of cells during eye development because it allows us to visualize oculogenesis in vivo. Zebrafish are an excellent model to visualize this process due to their highly conserved vertebrate eye and their ability to develop rapidly and externally while remaining optically transparent.

Author Correction: Her9/Hes4 is required for retinal photoreceptor development, maintenance, and survival.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Her9/Hes4 is required for retinal photoreceptor development, maintenance, and survival.

The intrinsic and extrinsic factors that regulate vertebrate photoreceptor specification and differentiation are complex, and our understanding of all the players is far from complete. Her9, the zebrafish ortholog of human HES4, is a basic helix-loop-helix-orange transcriptional repressor that regulates neurogenesis in several developmental contexts. We have previously shown that her9 is upregulated during chronic rod photoreceptor degeneration and regeneration in adult zebrafish, but little is known about the role of her9 during retinal development.

Emergency Restructuring of a General Surgery Residency Program During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: The University of Washington Experience.

Seattle, Washington, is an epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in the United States. In response, the Division of General Surgery at the University of Washington Department of Surgery in Seattle has designed and implemented an emergency restructuring of the facility's general surgery resident care teams in an attempt to optimize workforce well-being, comply with physical distancing requirements, and continue excellent patient care. This article introduces a unique approach to general surgery resident allocation by dividing patient care into separate inpatient care, operating care, and clinic care teams.

Update regarding the society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) grant distribution and impact on recipient's academic career.

Background: Small seed grants strongly impact academic careers, result in future funding, and lead to increased involvement in surgical societies. We hypothesize that, in accordance with the SAGES Research and Career Development committee mission, there has been a shift in grant support from senior faculty to residents and junior faculty. We hypothesize that these junior physician-researchers are subsequently remaining involved with SAGES and advancing within their academic institutions.

Primary Care-Based Health Coaching Intervention for Weight Loss in Overweight/Obese Adults: A 2-Year Experience.

Obesity is a major contributor to medical comorbidity and places a large economic burden on health care. This study examined the effectiveness of primary care-integrated health coaching for weight loss in overweight/obese patients. This observational clinical study with a retrospective comparison analysis was performed at an urban academic primary care practice.

Health hackathons: theatre or substance? A survey assessment of outcomes from healthcare-focused hackathons in three countries.

Background: Healthcare-focused hackathons are 48-hour platforms intended to accelerate novel medical technology. However, debate exists about how much they contribute to medical technology innovation. The Consortium for Affordable Medical Technologies (CAMTech) has developed a three-pronged model to maximise their effectiveness.

Wound Morbidity in Minimally Invasive Anterior Component Separation Compared to Transversus Abdominis Release.

Background: Transversus abdominis release is a novel approach for myofascial advancement in ventral hernia repair and has been hypothesized to have lower rates of wound complication than anterior component separation.

Methods: Patients who had a ventral hernia repair with either transversus abdominis release or minimally invasive anterior component separation from January of 2010 to January of 2016 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Patient characteristics were collected through chart review.

Distending Pressure Did Not Activate Acute Phase or Inflammatory Responses in the Airways and Lungs of Fetal, Preterm Lambs.

Background: Mechanical ventilation at birth causes airway injury and lung inflammation in preterm sheep. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is being increasingly used clinically to transition preterm infants at birth.

Objective: To test if distending pressures will activate acute phase reactants and inflammatory changes in the airways of fetal, preterm lambs.

Assessing self-efficacy of frontline providers to perform newborn resuscitation in a low-resource setting.

Objectives: Newborn deaths comprise an alarming proportion of under-five mortality globally. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the effectiveness of focused newborn resuscitation training and delivery of a positive-pressure device in a rural midwife population in a low-resource setting. The present research attempts to better understand the extent to which knowledge and self-efficacy contribute to resuscitation attempts by birth attendants in practice.

Determinants of the competing outcomes of intrauterine infection, abruption, or spontaneous preterm birth after preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Objective: Patients with PPROM are at risk for a variety of outcomes, including chorioamnionitis (CA), placental abruption (PA), or preterm labor (PTL). Competing risk regression can analyze a cohort's risk of individual outcomes while accounting for ongoing deliveries secondary to competing events.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the subjects from MFMU BEAM study of neuroprotection after preterm birth (BEAM) with conservative PPROM management.

SAGES research agenda in gastrointestinal and endoscopic surgery: updated results of a Delphi study.

Background: Research in gastrointestinal and endoscopic surgery has witnessed unprecedented growth since the introduction of minimally invasive techniques in surgery. Coordination and focus of research efforts could further advance this rapidly expanding field. The objective of this study was to update the SAGES research agenda for gastrointestinal and endoscopic surgery.

CALM Pregnancy: results of a pilot study of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for perinatal anxiety.

Many women experience anxiety during pregnancy with potential negative effects on maternal, birth, and child outcomes. Because of potential risks of fetal exposure to psychotropic medications, efficacious non-pharmacologic approaches are urgently needed. However, no published studies of psychotherapeutic treatments for anxiety in pregnancy exist.

Recurrent dysphagia after Heller myotomy: is esophagectomy always the answer?

Background: Esophagectomy has been recommended for patients when recurrent dysphagia develops after Heller myotomy for achalasia. My colleagues and I prefer to correct the specific anatomic problem with redo myotomy and preserve the esophagus. We examined the results of this approach.

Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair: defining long-term clinical and anatomic outcomes.

Objective: We recently reported in a multi-institutional, randomized study of laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair (LPEHR) that the anatomic recurrence rate at a median of approximately 5 years was >50%. This study focuses exclusively on the symptomatic response to LPEHR and its relationship with the development of a recurrent hernia.

Methods: During 2002 to 2005, 108 patients underwent LPHER with or without biologic mesh.

The safety of biologic mesh for laparoscopic repair of large, complicated hiatal hernia.

Background: Biologic mesh is widely used for repair of large, complicated hiatal hernias. Recently, there have been reports of complications after its implantation. We studied the course of a large group of patients who had undergone hiatal hernia repair with use of biologic mesh to determine the rate of immediate and late complications related to its use.

Comprehensive evaluation of endoscopic fundoplication using the EsophyX™ device.

Background: There are limited studies that evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic fundoplication (EF) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with the EsophyX™ device, especially with the most recent procedural iteration (TIF-2). This study was a prospective evaluation of our early experience with this device and procedure.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively on 23 consecutive patients undergoing EF (March 2009 to August 2010).