Risk for Surgery in Patients with Polyposis Syndrome after Therapy by Device-Assisted Enteroscopy (DAE): Long-Term Follow Up.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Polyposis syndromes such as Peutz-Jeghers (PJ) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are associated with the growth of small bowel polyps; the risk is approximately 60-90% for PJ and 40-70% for FAP. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) in the detection and treatment of small bowel polyps to reduce the risk of surgery. The secondary objective was to study complications and mortality.

Gut Microbiota and Acute Diverticulitis: Role of Probiotics in Management of This Delicate Pathophysiological Balance.

How can the knowledge of probiotics and their mechanisms of action be translated into clinical practice when treating patients with diverticular disease and acute diverticulitis? Changes in microbiota composition have been observed in patients who were developing acute diverticulitis, with a reduction of taxa with anti-inflammatory activity, such as Clostridium cluster IV, Lactobacilli and Bacteroides. Recent observations supported that a dysbiosis characterised by decreased presence of anti-inflammatory bacterial species might be linked to mucosal inflammation, and a vicious cycle results from a mucosal inflammation driving dysbiosis at the same time. An alteration in gut microbiota can lead to an altered activation of nerve fibres, and subsequent neuronal and muscular dysfunction, thus favoring abdominal symptoms' development.