Effect of a Website That Presents Patients' Experiences on Self-Efficacy and Patient Competence of Colorectal Cancer Patients: Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Patients often seek other patients' experiences with the disease. The Internet provides a wide range of opportunities to share and learn about other people's health and illness experiences via blogs or patient-initiated online discussion groups. There also exists a range of medical information devices that include experiential patient information.

High protein intake along with paternal part-time employment is associated with higher body fat mass among girls from South China.

Purpose: Protein intake has been suggested to be associated with body composition among western children. Our aim was to determine whether protein intake is associated with body composition among Chinese children and to investigate whether parental socioeconomic status modifies these associations.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from the baseline survey of an ongoing population-based prospective open cohort study conducted in 2013.

Sedentary Behavior Is Independently Related to Fat Mass among Children and Adolescents in South China.

We aim to explore the independent associations of sedentary behaviors (SB) with body mass distribution among Chinese children. Data on the screen-based sedentary time (television viewing and computer use) and doing homework, physical activities and dietary intake of 1586 Chinese children (50.3% girls) aged 7-15 years were obtained through validated questionnaires.

Changes in water and sugar-containing beverage consumption and body weight outcomes in children.

An intervention study showed that promoting water consumption in schoolchildren prevented overweight, but a mechanism linking water consumption to overweight was not substantiated. We investigated whether increased water consumption replaced sugar-containing beverages and whether changes in water or sugar-containing beverages influenced body weight outcomes. In a secondary analysis of the intervention study in Germany, we analysed combined longitudinal data from the intervention and control groups.

Long-term effect of a low-intensity smoking intervention embedded in an adherence program for patients with hypercholesterolemia: Randomized controlled trial.

Objective: We evaluated the long-term effect of a smoking intervention embedded in an adherence program in patients with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

Method: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial: In 2002-2004, 8108 patients with hypercholesterolemia were enrolled from general practices in Germany. Patients received a 12-month adherence program and statin medication (intervention) or statin medication only (control).

European accreditation and the future public health workforce.

Background: In 2011 the Agency for Public Health Education Accreditation (APHEA) was initially launched focusing on Master level (second cycle) education.

Methods: Between 2012 and 2013 the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region, APHEA and partner schools conducted a study on the compliance of Master level programmes of public health to the accreditation criteria. A web-based survey of second cycle programmes of public health across 29 countries was conducted using the APHEA criteria.

Association between sudden infant death syndrome and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunisation: an ecological study.

Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) continues to be one of the main causes of infant mortality in the United States. The objective of this study was to analyse the association between diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) immunisation and SIDS over time.

Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided the number of cases of SIDS and live births per year (1968-2009), allowing the calculation of SIDS mortality rates.

Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Objective: Water is recommended to replace sugar-containing beverages for prevention of childhood obesity. Because this recommendation is not evidence-based yet, the existing evidence on the association between water consumption and body weight outcomes was summarized.

Methods: In a systematic review, studies were retrieved from four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane) and further search methods.

"We talk it over"--mixed-method study of interdisciplinary collaborations in private practice among urologists and oncologists in Germany.

Background: Utilisation of multidisciplinary teams is considered the best approach to care and treatment for cancer patients. However, the multidisciplinary approach has mainly focused on inpatient care rather than routine outpatient care. The situation in private practice care and outpatient care is gradually changing.

Primary prevention in general practice - views of German general practitioners: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Policy efforts focus on a reorientation of health care systems towards primary prevention. To guide such efforts, we analyzed the role of primary prevention in general practice and general practitioners' (GPs) attitudes toward primary prevention.

Methods: Mixed-method study including a cross-sectional survey of all community-based GPs and focus groups in a sample of GPs who collaborated with the Institute of General Practice in Berlin, Germany in 2011.

Longitudinal association between body mass index and health-related quality of life.

Objective: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome in individuals with a high risk for cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the association of HRQoL and body mass index (BMI) as an indicator for obesity.

Design: Secondary longitudinal analysis of the ORBITAL study, an intervention study which included high-risk cardiovascular primary care patients with hypercholesterolemia and an indication for statin therapy.

Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes: a systematic review.

Background: Drinking water is often applied as a dietary means for weight loss and overweight/obesity prevention, but no evidence-based recommendation exists for this indication.

Objective: We summarized the existing evidence on the association between water consumption and body weight outcomes in adults of any body weight status.

Design: In a systematic review, we retrieved studies from 4 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and COCHRANE), cross-references by PubMed functions and hand-searching, and experts' recommendations.

Physical Activity and Mortality in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is considered a cornerstone of diabetes mellitus management to prevent complications, but conclusive evidence is lacking. METHODS This prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of existing studies investigated the association between PA and mortality in individuals with diabetes. In the EPIC study (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition), a cohort was defined of 5859 individuals with diabetes at baseline.

A simple dietary intervention in the school setting decreased incidence of overweight in children.

Objective: The study analyzed the effect of a combined environmental and educational intervention solely promoting water consumption on the incidence of overweight among school children.

Methods: 2,950 second and third graders of 32 elementary schools in socially deprived neighborhoods of two German cities participated in a randomized controlled intervention trial (August 2006-June 2007). In intervention schools (N = 17), water fountains were installed, each child received a water bottle, and teachers performed classroom lessons to promote water consumption.

Immigrational background affects the effectiveness of a school-based overweight prevention program promoting water consumption.

We tested whether a simple overweight prevention program promoting water consumption in elementary schools is equally effective in children with an immigrational background (MIG) and in those without (non-MIG). Thus, a secondary analysis of a controlled cluster trial, lasting one school year, was conducted. Thirty-two elementary schools located in low socioeconomic districts in two German cities were included.

Relative validity of a self-completion 24 h recall questionnaire to assess beverage consumption among schoolchildren aged 7 to 9 years.

Objective: Drinking habits in children are associated with diet quality, but validated assessment tools for large-scale studies in young children are lacking. Therefore, we validated a self-completion 24 h recall questionnaire (RQ) focusing on beverage consumption with a 24 h weighed record (WR).

Design: Thirty-five voluntary participants from the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) Study cohort aged 7-9 years completed the RQ.

Promotion and provision of drinking water in schools for overweight prevention: randomized, controlled cluster trial.

Objective: The study tested whether a combined environmental and educational intervention solely promoting water consumption was effective in preventing overweight among children in elementary school.

Methods: The participants in this randomized, controlled cluster trial were second- and third-graders from 32 elementary schools in socially deprived areas of 2 German cities. Water fountains were installed and teachers presented 4 prepared classroom lessons in the intervention group schools (N = 17) to promote water consumption.

Comparison of sirolimus and everolimus in their effects on blood lipid profiles and haematological parameters in heart transplant recipients.

The mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitors sirolimus (SRL) and everolimus (EVL) are potent immunosuppressive agents, which allow reducing the dose of the nephrotoxic calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin and tacrolimus (TAC) in solid organ transplant recipients. However, there is evidence that mTOR inhibitors may lead to myelosuppression and dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia. We therefore performed a retrospective analysis in heart transplant recipients with renal insufficiency, who received 3.