Inhibition of a Microbiota-Derived Peptide Ameliorates Established Acute Lung Injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a diffuse lung inflammation that commonly evolves into acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure. The lung microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. Corisin, a proapoptotic peptide derived from the lung microbiota, plays a role in ALI and acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis.

Association of lean body mass to menopausal symptoms: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of lean body mass (LBM) to the development of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) as women transition through menopause.

Methods: This study is a secondary use of data available for public use from follow up visits six through 10 for participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. The study examined 2533 women, between the ages 42-52 years, each year over a10-year period.

Glycosylation of HIV Env Impacts IgG Subtype Responses to Vaccination.

The envelope protein (Env) is the only surface protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and as such the exclusive target for protective antibody responses. Experimental evidences from mouse models suggest a modulating property of Env to steer antibody class switching towards the less effective antibody subclass IgG1 accompanied with strong TH2 helper responses. By simple physical linkage we were able to imprint this bias, exemplified by a low IgG2a/IgG1 ratio of antigen-specific antibodies, onto an unrelated antigen, namely the HIV capsid protein p24.

Implementation of a Novel Algorithm to Decrease Unnecessary Hospitalizations in Patients Presenting to a Community Emergency Department With Atrial Fibrillation.

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common dysrhythmia in the United States. Patients seen in the emergency department (ED) in rapid AFib are often started on intravenous rate-controlling agents and admitted for several days. Although underlying and triggering illnesses must be addressed, AFib, intrinsically, is rarely life-threatening and can often be safely managed in an outpatient setting.

Herpes Zoster Overlying Recently Placed Central Venous Access Site: A Case Report.

Herpes zoster, commonly called shingles, is a disease that results from the reactivation of varicella zoster virus. Local trauma has been reported as a precipitant for reactivation, but this condition is rarely seen localized to a fresh surgical incision. We present the case of a patient who developed shingles overlying the incision site of a recently buried central venous access port, illustrating the need to consider this diagnosis as a unique imposter of localized infection or reaction at sites of recent procedural trauma.

"I don't know anything about their culture": the disconnect between allopathic and traditional maternity care providers in rural northern Ghana.

The provision of maternal and neonatal health care in rural northern Ghana is pluralistic, consisting of traditional and allopathic providers. Although women often use these providers interchangeably, important differences exist. This study explored the differences in approaches to maternal and neonatal care provision by these two different types of providers.

Effectiveness and efficiency of different shapes of food guides.

Objective: To compare the influence of a food guide's shape on its effectiveness and efficiency to convey nutritional information.

Methods: A between-subjects experiment was conducted by manipulating the graph's shape (circle, pyramid, or rainbow). Nutrition tasks were used to assess the effectiveness and eye-movement data (number/duration of fixations) to examine the efficiency of the formats.

The role of health-related, motivational and sociodemographic aspects in predicting food label use: a comprehensive study.

Objective: Previous studies focused on a limited number of determinants of food label use. We therefore tested a comprehensive model of food label use consisting of sociodemographic, health-related and motivating variables. These three predictor groups were chosen based on the previous literature and completed with new predictors not yet examined in a comprehensive study of frequency of label use.

Survival outcomes of pediatric intestinal failure patients: analysis of factors contributing to improved survival over the past two decades.

Background: Intestinal failure (IF) is associated with significant and life-threatening complications. Recent studies suggest that treatments for IF in the pediatric population are improving over time. Based on this, we examined whether pediatric IF survival rates have improved in our patient population over the past two decades, and secondarily examined which aspects of patient care contributed to changes in survival.

Recovery of time on limits of stability from functional fatigue in Division II collegiate athletes.

Health and fitness professionals working with athletes could establish effective and safe practice and training programs if recovery time on dynamic balance from exertion was available. Research investigating the time needed to recover dynamic limits of stability (LOS) from exertion has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the recovery timeline on LOS from functional fatigue in collegiate athletes.

Health motivation and product design determine consumers' visual attention to nutrition information on food products.

Objective: In the present study we investigated consumers' visual attention to nutrition information on food products using an indirect instrument, an eye tracker. In addition, we looked at whether people with a health motivation focus on nutrition information on food products more than people with a taste motivation.

Design: Respondents were instructed to choose one of five cereals for either the kindergarten (health motivation) or the student cafeteria (taste motivation).

Walking skill can be assessed in older adults: validity of the Figure-of-8 Walk Test.

Background: The Figure-of-8 Walk Test (F8W) involves straight and curved paths and was designed to represent walking skill in everyday life.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to validate the measure in older adults with walking difficulties and to explore correlates of the curved-path walking measure not represented by a straight-path walking measure.

Design: Fifty-one community-dwelling older adults with mobility disability participated in 2 baseline visits as part of an intervention study.