Periorbital edema as the presenting sign of protein-losing enteropathy from excessive cow's milk intake.

We report the case of a 15-month-old girl who presented with bilateral, positional periorbital edema, systemic hypoalbuminemia, and profound iron deficiency caused by excessive cow's milk intake. Her symptoms rapidly improved with reduction of cow's milk intake and iron supplementation.

Non-biologic, steroid-sparing therapies for non-infectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis in adults.

Background: Non-infectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis (NIIPPU) represent a heterogenous collection of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders isolated to or concentrated in the posterior structures of the eye. Because NIIPPU is typically a chronic condition, people with NIIPPU frequently require treatment with steroid-sparing immunosuppressive therapy. Methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, and tacrolimus are non-biologic, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) which have been used to treat people with NIIPPU.

Hypotony maculopathy captured with vertical rasters on optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging.

Purpose: To remind eye care providers of the importance of obtaining vertical rasters in OCT evaluation of patients with suspected hypotony maculopathy.

Observations: OCT with vertical rasters may identify chorioretinal folds that are missed by ophthalmoscopic examination, fundus photography, and traditional OCT with horizontal rasters alone.

Conclusions And Importance: In patients with low IOP and decreased vision, OCT imaging with horizonal and vertical rasters should be obtained to diagnose hypotony maculopathy and monitor response to treatment.