Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex-Associated Peritonitis, Lymphadenitis, and Pyelonephritis in Juvenile Raccoons (Procyon lotor) under Rehabilitator Care in New York, New Jersey, and Wisconsin, USA.

Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative facultative anaerobic heavily encapsulated bacteria associated with opportunistic and primary infections in a wide range of species. We assessed a series of cases (n=8) of necrosuppurative peritonitis, lymphadenitis, and/or pyelonephritis in wild juvenile raccoons (Procyon lotor) that died under rehabilitator care in New York, New Jersey, and Wisconsin, US, between July 2020 and December 2023, plus a retrospective case of a juvenile raccoon necropsied from New York in August 2011.

FUNGAL FLORA OF ROSETTE QUILLS IN THE NORTH AMERICAN PORCUPINE () IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES.

The North American (NA) porcupine () is a rodent species with specialized hair structures called quills designed to detach and penetrate into tissues of any human or animal coming into contact with them. The objective of this study was to characterize the fungal flora of the quills in the region of the rosette in wild NA porcupines to further define health risks to NA porcupines and any animal coming into contact with the quills. A total of 17 adult NA porcupines were sampled, and fungal culture was performed.

Evolutionary genomic analyses of canine infections identify a relic capsular locus associated with resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials.

Unlabelled: Infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant are the leading cause of death attributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide, and the known AMR mechanisms involve a range of functional proteins. Here, we employed a pan-genome wide association study (GWAS) approach on over 1,000 isolates from sick dogs collected across the US and Canada and identified a strong statistical association (empirical < 0.01) of AMR, involving a range of antibiotics to a group 1 capsular (CPS) gene cluster.

EZ-SPOTs: A simple and robust high-throughput liquid handling platform.

Liquid handling is a fundamental capability for many scientific experiments. Previously, we introduced the Surface Patterned Omniphobic Tiles (SPOTs) platform, which enables manipulation of hundreds to thousands of independent experiments without costly equipment or excessive consumable expenses. However, the SPOTs platform requires a custom coating formulation and lacks robustness.

Serotype and anti-microbial resistance trends among bovine Salmonella isolates from samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in central New York, 2007-2021.

Aims: Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of acute enteritis in people, and dairy cattle are an important reservoir of this pathogen. The objective of this study was to analyse serotype and anti-microbial resistance trends of Salmonella isolated from dairy cattle in the United States between 2007 and 2021.

Methods And Results: We collected data for bovine Salmonella isolates obtained from samples submitted to Cornell University's Animal Health Diagnostic Center (AHDC).

Assessing the urinary concentration of nitrofurantoin and its antibacterial activity against , , and isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections.

Nitrofurantoin, a broad-spectrum nitrofuran class antibiotic, is applied as a first-line antibiotic in treating human urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to its great efficacy and high achievable concentration. The interest in using this antibiotic in companion animals has increased due to the growing demand for effective antibiotics to treat UTIs caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Currently, the susceptibility interpretations for nitrofurantoin are based on the breakpoints set for humans, while the canine-specific breakpoints are still unavailable.

Antibody response over time correlated with treatment outcome in 30 dogs naturally infected with Brucella canis (2017-2022).

Objective: Brucella canis is a zoonotic bacterial pathogen of dogs that is notoriously difficult to diagnose and treat. Humans can become infected with B canis when an infected pet dog is brought into their home. Our objectives were to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes in dogs treated for B canis and evaluate the performance of the quantitative serologic canine Brucella multiplex (CBM) assay for monitoring treatment response.

A one-health review on brucellosis in the United States.

Brucellosis is a highly infectious zoonotic disease of global significance due to its adverse impact on public health, economics, and trade. Despite being one of the most prevalent zoonoses worldwide, attention given to global brucellosis control and prevention has been inadequate. Brucella species of greatest one-health relevance in the US include those infecting dogs (Brucella canis), swine (Brucella suis), and cattle and domestic bison (Brucella abortus).

Effect of antimicrobial administration on fecal microbiota of critically ill dogs: dynamics of antimicrobial resistance over time.

Background: Multidrug resistance in companion animals poses significant risks to animal and human health. Prolonged antimicrobial drug (AMD) treatment in animals is a potential source of selection pressure for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) including in the gastrointestinal microbiota. We performed a prospective study of dogs treated for septic peritonitis, pyometra, or bacterial pneumonia and collected repeated fecal samples over 60 days.

Multi-laboratory evaluation of the Illumina iSeq platform for whole genome sequencing of , and .

There is a growing need for public health and veterinary laboratories to perform whole genome sequencing (WGS) for monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and protecting the safety of people and animals. With the availability of smaller and more affordable sequencing platforms coupled with well-defined bioinformatic protocols, the technological capability to incorporate this technique for real-time surveillance and genomic epidemiology has greatly expanded. There is a need, however, to ensure that data are of high quality.

Presumptive Identification of Smooth Strain Antibodies in Canines.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a Gram-negative coccobacillus. There are four strains of zoonotic importance in our domestic species, subdivided by their culture phenotypes: (), (smooth strains) and (rough strain). Dogs can serve as hosts for all four of the zoonotic strains; however, routine serologic testing in dogs has been limited to the identification of antibodies.

Genomics accurately predicts antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius collected as part of Vet-LIRN resistance monitoring.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has changed our understanding of bacterial pathogens, aiding outbreak investigations and advancing our knowledge of their genetic features. However, there has been limited use of genomics to understand antimicrobial resistance of veterinary pathogens, which would help identify emerging resistance mechanisms and track their spread. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the correlation between resistance genotypes and phenotypes for Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, a major pathogen of companion animals, by comparing broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing and WGS.

Whole-Genome Sequence of the Mycoplasma mucosicanis Type Strain.

Whole-genome sequencing of type strain 1642 was performed to support efforts to better understand the clinical significance of infection in canine health. The availability of this sequence will also further the development of highly specific diagnostic tests.

Feline bacterial keratitis: Clinical features, bacterial isolates, and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Objective: To describe clinical characteristics, bacterial isolates, and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for cats with bacterial keratitis.

Animals Studied: Eighty one cats with bacterial keratitis.

Procedures: Medical records of cats with a clinical diagnosis of bacterial keratitis, confirmed by corneal culture, were reviewed from June 2004 to July 2017.

Enhancing the one health initiative by using whole genome sequencing to monitor antimicrobial resistance of animal pathogens: Vet-LIRN collaborative project with veterinary diagnostic laboratories in United States and Canada.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacterial pathogens is an emerging public health threat. This threat extends to pets as it also compromises our ability to treat their infections. Surveillance programs in the United States have traditionally focused on collecting data from food animals, foods, and people.

Capnocytophaga keratitis in dogs: clinical, histopathologic, and microbiologic features of seven cases.

Objective: To describe the clinical, microbiologic, and histopathologic features of Capnocytophaga keratitis in dogs.

Animals Studied: Seven dogs with naturally acquired Capnocytophaga keratitis.

Procedures: Medical records of dogs with a clinical diagnosis of keratitis and corneal cultures positive for Capnocytophaga spp.

Lactococcus petauri sp. nov., isolated from an abscess of a sugar glider.

A strain of lactic acid bacteria, designated 159469, isolated from a facial abscess in a sugar glider, was characterized genetically and phenotypically. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-positive, coccoid and catalase-negative. Morphological, physiological and phylogenetic data indicated that the isolate belongs to the genus Lactococcus.

Detection of Salmonella spp. in veterinary samples by combining selective enrichment and real-time PCR.

Rapid screening for enteric bacterial pathogens in clinical environments is essential for biosecurity. Salmonella found in veterinary hospitals, particularly Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin, can pose unique challenges for culture and testing because of its poor growth. Multiple Salmonella serovars including Dublin are emerging threats to public health given increasing prevalence and antimicrobial resistance.