Vancomycin Treatment Failure in Children With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Objectives: Limited data exist regarding clinical outcomes of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in children treated with vancomycin. Treatment success in adults correlates best with an area under the curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) ratio ≥400. It is unknown if this relationship is useful in children.

Premixed Parenteral Nutrition Solution Use in Children.

Objectives: In response to national drug shortages, our institution established criteria for the use of commercial premixed parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions in select pediatric patients. Although these solutions have been marketed for use in children, there are no data in this patient population. The objective of this study was to review our use of commercial premixed PN solutions in children.

Ethanol lock therapy: a pilot infusion study in infants.

Background: Ethanol lock therapy (ELT) has emerged as an effective method for the prevention and treatment of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), but the safety of ELT in infants has not been established.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and evidence of hepatic injury in infants after infusing a small one-time dose of ethanol, equivalent to the volume that would be flushed through the central venous catheter (CVC) after ELT is completed.

Methods: This was a prospective pilot study in infants weighing ≤6 kg with and without liver dysfunction who had a CVC.

Bumetanide continuous infusions in critically ill pediatric patients.

Objective: Limited data exist for the use of bumetanide continuous infusions in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of bumetanide continuous infusions in critically ill pediatric patients.

Design: This study was an institutional review board approved, single-center, retrospective chart review of 95 patients.

Glomerular filtration rate equations do not accurately predict vancomycin trough concentrations in pediatric patients.

Background: The Bedside Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) equation was developed using data from children with chronic kidney disease. Some institutions are using this equation in all pediatric patients, regardless of renal function, to adjust medications. No data have shown that the Bedside CKiD equation is equivalent or better than the Schwartz equation in estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in pediatric patients with normal renal function.

Vancomycin Dosing Practices, Trough Concentrations, and Predicted Area Under the Curve in Children With Suspected Invasive Staphylococcal Infections.

Recent guidelines recommend empiric vancomycin dosing of 60 mg/kg per day and consideration of higher trough concentrations (15-20 mcg/mL) in children with invasive infections. In this study, we report a retrospective review evaluating the dose/trough relationship and predicted area under the curve in pediatric patients receiving vancomycin for invasive staphylococcal infections.

Recent new drug approvals, part 2: drugs undergoing active clinical studies in children.

The objective of this 2-part review is to provide information about drugs that have been recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Part 1 reviewed recently approved drugs with pediatric indications. Part 2 reviews drugs recently approved only in adults and have published or ongoing studies in children.

Recent new drug approvals. Part 1: drugs with pediatric indications.

This two-part review provides information about drugs that have been recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration and focuses on drugs approved with pediatric indications or approved in adults with active pediatric studies. Information was obtained from the product labeling and selected published studies. Part 1 reviews recently approved drugs with labeled pediatric indications, and Part 2 will review recent drug approvals in adults that have potential use in pediatrics and have active studies.