No reduction in C-reactive protein following a 12-month randomized controlled trial of exercise in men and women.

Unlabelled: Low-grade systemic inflammation is suggested to play a role in the development of several chronic diseases including cancer. Higher levels of physical activity and lower adiposity have been associated with reduced levels of markers of systemic inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP); however, reductions in CRP have not been consistently observed in randomized controlled trials of exercise.

Purpose: To examine the effect of a 12-month aerobic exercise intervention on CRP levels in men and women.

No effect of exercise on colon mucosal prostaglandin concentrations: a 12-month randomized controlled trial.

Background: Epidemiologic studies provide evidence that exercise is associated with reduced risk of colon cancer. Exercise may exert protective effects on the colon by influencing prostaglandin production. We hypothesized that an exercise intervention would decrease prostaglandin E(2) concentrations and increase prostaglandin F(2alpha) in colon biopsies compared with controls.

Effect of a 12-month exercise intervention on the apoptotic regulating proteins Bax and Bcl-2 in colon crypts: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cellular proliferation and apoptosis (cell death) are highly regulated in the colon as insufficient apoptosis may lead to polyps and cancer. Physical activity decreases risk of colon cancer in observational studies, but the biological basis is not well defined. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of a 12-month aerobic exercise program on expression of proteins that promote (Bax) or inhibit (Bcl-2) apoptosis in colon crypts.

Exercise effect on weight and body fat in men and women.

Objectives: The effect of national exercise recommendations on adiposity is unknown and may differ by sex. We examined long-term effects of aerobic exercise on adiposity in women and men.

Research Methods And Procedures: This was a 12-month randomized, controlled clinical trial testing exercise effect on weight and body composition in men (N = 102) and women (N = 100).

Randomized trial of exercise in sedentary middle aged women: effects on quality of life.

Increasing physical activity is currently considered to be a possible prevention strategy for cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, either alone or in combination with dietary changes. This paper presents results of a randomized trial of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise in middle aged, sedentary women; specifically, we report changes in and correlates of quality of life and functional status of this exercise intervention program for both the short (three months) and longer term (12 months). The intervention group showed a significant increase in Mental Health score from baseline to 3 months (p < .

Effect of a 12-month exercise intervention on patterns of cellular proliferation in colonic crypts: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Colon crypt architecture and proliferation may be appropriate biomarkers for testing prevention interventions. A hypothesized mechanism for exercise-induced colon cancer risk reduction might be through alterations in colon crypt cell architecture and proliferation.

Methods: Healthy, sedentary participants with a colonoscopy within the previous 3 years were recruited through gastroenterology practices and media.

Effects of exercise on metabolic risk variables in overweight postmenopausal women: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: This study examined the effects of exercise on metabolic risk variables insulin, leptin, glucose, and triglycerides in overweight/obese postmenopausal women.

Research Methods And Procedures: Sedentary women (n = 173) who were overweight or obese (BMI > or = 25 kg/m(2) or > or =24 kg/m(2) with > or =33% body fat), 50 to 75 years of age, were randomized to 12 months of exercise (> or =45 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity 5 d/wk) or to a stretching control group. Body composition (DXA) and visceral adiposity (computed tomography) were measured at baseline and 12 months.

Risk factors for colorectal cancer in relation to number and size of aberrant crypt foci in humans.

Several characteristics of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) suggest that they are precursors of colorectal cancer, but the factors that promote or inhibit their growth are largely unknown. We conducted a pilot study to explore whether factors associated with risk of colorectal cancer are also associated with number or size of rectal ACF. Thirty-two U.

Effect of exercise on serum androgens in postmenopausal women: a 12-month randomized clinical trial.

Postmenopausal women with elevated circulating androgen concentrations have an increased risk of developing breast cancer, yet interventions to reduce androgen levels have not been identified. We examined the effects of a 12-month moderate intensity exercise intervention on serum androgens. The study was a randomized clinical trial in 173 sedentary, overweight (body mass index > or = 24.

Effect of exercise on serum estrogens in postmenopausal women: a 12-month randomized clinical trial.

Elevated circulating estrogens and a sedentary lifestyle increase risk for breast cancer. The effect of exercise on circulating estrogens in sedentary postmenopausal women is unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a 12-month moderate-intensity exercise intervention on serum estrogens.

Serum selenium levels in relation to markers of neoplastic progression among persons with Barrett's esophagus.

Background: Persons with Barrett's esophagus have a substantially greater risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma than the general population. Higher serum selenium levels have been associated with a reduced risk of several cancers; however, their association with the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma is unknown. We used a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between serum selenium levels and markers of neoplastic progression among persons with Barrett's esophagus.

Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.

Context: The increasing prevalence of obesity is a major public health concern. Physical activity may promote weight and body fat loss.

Objective: To examine the effects of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat overall and by level of exercise.