Adaptation to reductions in chilling availability using variation in in .

Winter annual crops are sown in late summer or autumn and require chilling to promote flowering the following spring. Floral initiation begins in autumn and winter, and in winter oilseed rape (OSR), continued chilling during flower development is necessary for high yield potential. This can be a problem in areas where chilling is not guaranteed, or as a result of changing climates.

Experiences with home monitoring technology in older adults with traumatic brain injury: a qualitative study.

Background: Home monitoring systems utilising artificial intelligence hold promise for digitally enhanced healthcare in older adults. Their real-world use will depend on acceptability to the end user i.e.

Safety, tolerability, viral kinetics, and immune correlates of protection in healthy, seropositive UK adults inoculated with SARS-CoV-2: a single-centre, open-label, phase 1 controlled human infection study.

Background: A SARS-CoV-2 controlled human infection model (CHIM) has been successfully established in seronegative individuals using a dose of 1×10 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID) pre-alpha SARS-CoV-2 virus. Given the increasing prevalence of seropositivity to SARS-CoV-2, a CHIM that could be used for vaccine development will need to induce infection in those with pre-existing immunity. Our aim was to find a dose of pre-alpha SARS-CoV-2 virus that induced infection in previously infected individuals.

Safety and immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 85A prime followed by MVA85A boost compared with BCG revaccination among Ugandan adolescents who received BCG at birth: a randomised, open-label trial.

Background: BCG confers reduced, variable protection against pulmonary tuberculosis. A more effective vaccine is needed. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of candidate regimen ChAdOx1 85A-MVA85A compared with BCG revaccination among Ugandan adolescents.

It's not just what we don't know: The mapping problem in the acquisition of negation.

How do learners learn what no and not mean when they are only presented with what is? Given its complexity, abstractness, and roles in logic, truth-functional negation might be a conceptual accomplishment. As a result, young children's gradual acquisition of negation words might be due to their undergoing a gradual conceptual change that is necessary to represent those words' logical meaning. However, it's also possible that linguistic expressions of negation take time to learn because of children's gradually increasing grasp of their language.

Using home monitoring technology to study the effects of traumatic brain injury in older multimorbid adults.

Internet of things (IOT) based in-home monitoring systems can passively collect high temporal resolution data in the community, offering valuable insight into the impact of health conditions on patients' day-to-day lives. We used this technology to monitor activity and sleep patterns in older adults recently discharged after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The demographics of TBI are changing, and it is now a leading cause of hospitalisation in older adults.

Increasing ethnicity reporting to better understand cultural needs accessing a primary care talking therapy service.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the under-utilisation of statutory mental health care services by minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom (UK).

Aim: To improve ethnicity reporting to better understand the needs of patients accessing a primary care talking therapies service.

Method: We conducted a clinical audit to observe outcomes from pre-COVID (2019), first wave of COVID-19 (2020) and 2021 for three broad ethnic categories: black African/Caribbean, Asian and white British.

Mapping the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein-derived peptidome presented by HLA class II on dendritic cells.

Understanding and eliciting protective immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an urgent priority. To facilitate these objectives, we have profiled the repertoire of human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA-II)-bound peptides presented by HLA-DR diverse monocyte-derived dendritic cells pulsed with SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. We identify 209 unique HLA-II-bound peptide sequences, many forming nested sets, which map to sites throughout S including glycosylated regions.

Organ-specific genetic interactions between paralogues of the and receptor kinases enforce radial patterning in vascular tissue.

In plants, cells do not migrate. Tissues are frequently arranged in concentric rings; thus, expansion of inner layers is coordinated with cell division and/or expansion of cells in outer layers. In stems, receptor kinases, and , genetically interact to coordinate vascular proliferation and organisation via inter-tissue signalling.

Large genomic rearrangements in the familial breast and ovarian cancer gene BRCA1 are associated with an increased frequency of high risk features.

Large genomic rearrangements (LGRs) account for at least 10% of the mutations in BRCA1 and 5% of BRCA2 mutations in outbred hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) families. Data from some series suggest LGRs represent particularly penetrant mutations. 1,034 index cases from HBOC families underwent comprehensive BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation testing, including screening for LGRs.

Community-based interventions for obesity prevention: lessons learned by Australian policy-makers.

Background: Interest in community-based interventions (CBIs) for health promotion is increasing, with a lot of recent activity in the field. This paper aims, from a state government perspective, to examine the experience of funding and managing six obesity prevention CBIs, to identify lessons learned and to consider the implications for future investment. Specifically, we focus on the planning, government support, evaluation, research and workforce development required.

Is no news good news? Inconclusive genetic test results in BRCA1 and BRCA2 from patients and professionals' perspectives.

Background: Women from families with a high risk of breast or ovarian cancer in which genetic testing for mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes is inconclusive are a vulnerable and understudied group. Furthermore, there are no studies of the professional specialists who treat them - geneticists, genetic counsellors/nurses, oncologists, gynaecologists and breast surgeons.

Methods: We conducted a small qualitative study that investigated women who had developed breast cancer under the age of 45 and who had an inconclusive BRCA1/2 genetic diagnostic test (where no mutations or unclassified variants were identified).

A population-based audit of ethnicity and breast cancer risk in one general practice catchment area in North London, UK: implications for practice.

Objectives: To conduct a pilot population-based study within a general practice catchment area to determine whether the incidence of breast cancer was increased in the Ashkenazi population.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Setting: A single general practice catchment area in North London.

Optimal selection of individuals for BRCA mutation testing: a comparison of available methods.

Purpose: Several methods have been described that estimate the likelihood that a family history of cancer is a result of a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. We examined the performance of six different methods with the aim of identifying an optimal strategy for selecting individuals for mutation testing in clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred fifty-seven families who had completed BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation screening were assessed by six models representing the major methodologies used to assess the likelihood of a pathogenic mutation.

Separation of the components of the late positive complex in an ERP dishabituation paradigm.

Objective: A substantial body of evidence shows that several separate components underlie the late positive complex (LPC) of the ERP. Each of these has been proposed as a possible neural index of the orienting reflex (OR), but none has clearly met the criteria required for identification as an OR. The skin conductance response (SCR) is the most extensively examined index of the OR, and was used here as an OR 'yard-stick'.

Development of a robust procedure for assessing powder flow using a commercial avalanche testing instrument.

The objectives of this work were to develop a robust procedure for assessing powder flow using a commercial avalanche testing instrument and to define the limits of its performance. To achieve this a series of powdered pharmaceutical excipients with a wide range of flow properties was characterized using such an instrument (Aeroflow, TSI Inc., St.

"Cancer in the family" and genetic testing: implications for life insurance.

The potential for discrimination when applying for insurance can be of concern for individuals with a family history of cancer or of a genetic disorder and who are considering genetic counselling or genetic testing. The actual incidence of "genetic discrimination", however, is not known, despite considerable media coverage of this issue. The clinical details required by insurers have received less attention.