A Phase 1, Dose-escalation, Double-blind, Block-randomized, Controlled Trial of Safety and Efficacy of Neosaxitoxin Alone and in Combination with 0.2% Bupivacaine, with and without Epinephrine, for Cutaneous Anesthesia.

Background: Neosaxitoxin (NeoSTX) is a site-1 sodium channel blocker that produces prolonged local anesthesia in animals and humans. Under a Food and Drug Administration-approved phase 1 Investigational New Drug trial, the authors evaluated safety and efficacy of NeoSTX alone and combined with 0.2% bupivacaine (Bup) with and without epinephrine.

[Rapid identification of Candida dubliniensis using the Bichro-Dubli test].

Objectives: Because of its considerable epidemiological relevance, accurate identification of Candida dubliniensis should be routinely performed in clinical microbiology laboratories. In an attempt to facilitate this task, the usefulness of the Bichro-Dubli test (Fumouze Diagnostics, Levallois-Perret, France) was assessed.

Methods: Seventy-five collection strains (55 C.

[Native valve Aspergillus fumigatus endocarditis with blood culture positive and negative for galactomannan antigen. Case report and literature review].

Native valve endocarditis caused by Aspergillus spp. is an uncommon disease with a high mortality rate. Generally, Aspergillus is isolated from affected valve in post-mortem or biopsy specimens.