Long-Term Benefits of Daily Photo-Protection With a Broad-Spectrum Sunscreen in United States Hispanic Female Population.

aThe Vitiligo and Pigmentation Institute of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA bDepartment of Dermatology, Howard University, Washington, DC cL’Oreal Research and Innovation, Paris, France dL’Oreal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ.

Acquired perforating dermatosis in a skin graft.

Acquired perforating dermatosis (APD) is characterized by pruritic craterlike lesions with a predilection for patients affected by chronic kidney disease or diabetes mellitus (DM). We present a case of a 57-year-old black woman admitted for chest pain and dyspnea who was found to have 2 teardrop-shaped yellow-white-chalky plaques consistent with APD that developed at the site of a preexisting split-thickness skin graft (STSG). We also review the literature on APD.

Are Natural Ingredients Effective in the Management of Hyperpigmentation? A Systematic Review.

Hyperpigmentation disorders are commonly encountered in dermatology clinics. Botanical and natural ingredients have gained popularity as alternative depigmenting products. We sought to review clinical studies evaluating the use of different natural products in treating hyperpigmentation so clinicians are better equipped to educate their patients.

Sweet syndrome induced by oral acetaminophen-codeine following repair of a facial fracture.

Sweet syndrome (SS), also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is an uncommon condition that is clinically characterized by painful, well-demarcated, indurated, erythematous plaques or nodules that typically favor the head, neck, and arms, and are accompanied by fever. The disease is divided into several categories based on the underlying etiology, with the drug-induced variant comprising a rising number of the total cases and being reported in association with an increasing number of medications. We report a rare case of SS induced by an oral acetaminophen-codeine suspension and tablets.

Folliculitis keloidalis nuchae and pseudofolliculitis barbae: are prevention and effective treatment within reach?

Pseudofolliculitis barbae and folliculitis keloidalis nuchae are chronic follicular disorders disproportionately affecting men of African ancestry. This article explores the etiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention strategies of these conditions. Effective treatment and prevention of these disorders involves pharmacologic and procedural interventions as well as behavioral modifications.

Hair and scalp disorders in ethnic populations.

Human hair has been classified into 3 major groups, as determined by ethnic origin. In these populations, significant structural and biochemical variations of the hair follicle and shaft are seen, as well as unique hair grooming practices. These structural variations of the hair are closely linked to the common disorders of the hair and scalp, such as acquired trichorrhexis nodosa, seborrheic dermatitis, traction alopecia, central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, dissecting cellulitis, frontal fibrosing alopecia, and pseudofolliculitis barbae.

New horizons in treating disorders of hyperpigmentation in skin of color.

Pigmentary abnormalities are among the most common reasons why patients with skin of color visit a dermatologist. Hydroquinone has been a cornerstone for the treatment of hyperpigmentation; however, concerns regarding adverse effects have prompted a search for alternative agents. Some promising topical treatments include soy, licorice, rucinol, mulberry, niacinamide, ellagic acid, resveratrol, and dioic acid.

Comparative evaluation of men's depilatory composition versus razor in black men.

Shaving with razors often is problematic for men with sensitive skin, especially black individuals who are generally prone to developing pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB). For patients with PFB, physicians often recommend shaving with depilatory creams that chemically remove hair from the skin surface by dissolving keratin. This 1-week, controlled, single-center, split-faced, randomized trial compared shaving with 3 different depilatory compositions to shaving with a manual razor in black men.

Topical retinoids for pigmented skin.

Topical retinoids are an important class of drugs for treating several dermatoses occurring more frequently in patients with pigmented skin, such as melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, pseudofolliculits barbae and keloids. They also play a role in managing acne, psoriasis, photoaging, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma and disorder of hyperkeratosis in this demographic as well. In general, topical retinoids are well tolerated in pigmented skins.

Vitiligo update.

Vitiligo is an acquired dyschromia of the skin in which there is a loss of epidermal melanocytes. The prevalence of vitiligo is approximately 1% in the United States and 0.1-2% worldwide.

Treatment of recalcitrant verruca vulgaris with Candida antigen in patient with human immunodeficiency virus.

Verruca vulgaris is often difficult to treat in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We present a case of an HIV positive 44-year-old male with a 3-year history of multiple recalcitrant verruca vulgaris involving his hands and face. He did not respond to cryotherapy, urea 40% cream, imiquimod 5% cream, paring, intralesional bleomycin, salicylic acid 6% gel, and electrodesiccation and curettage.

Pharmacokinetics of dapsone gel, 5% for the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Background: Oral dapsone has been available for over 60 years and has been used to treat severe acne vulgaris; however, the oral formulation is known to cause dose-dependent haematological reactions and is currently indicated only for diseases such as dermatitis herpetiformis and Hansen's disease. A gel formulation of dapsone was recently developed to treat acne vulgaris. As dapsone is administered topically, it was expected that systemic absorption would be considerably lower than that observed with oral dapsone therapy, thereby avoiding any adverse haematological effects.

Photoaging and nonablative photorejuvenation in ethnic skin.

Background: Advances in nonablative skin rejuvenation technologies have sparked a renewed interest in the cosmetic treatment of aging skin. More options exist now than ever before for reversing cutaneous changes caused by long-term exposure to sunlight. Although Caucasian skin is more prone to ultraviolet light injury, ethnic skin (typically classified as types IV to VI) also exhibits characteristic photoaging changes.

Twice-daily applications of benzoyl peroxide 5%/clindamycin 1% gel versus vehicle in the treatment of pseudofolliculitis barbae.

Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of papules, pustules, and hyperpigmentation as a result of ingrown hairs. It is estimated that PFB affects 45% to 83% of black men who shave regularly. In this multicenter, double-blind pilot study, men with 16 to 100 combined papules and pustules on the face and neck were randomized to receive twice-daily benzoyl peroxide 5%/ clindamycin 1% (BP/C) gel (BenzaClin)(n = 47) or vehicle (n = 41) for 10 weeks.

Management of dyschromias in ethnic skin.

Pigmentary disorders are one of the most common skin disorders among people of color. Dyspigmentation in the form of either hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation is often psychologically devastating to patients with darker skin. There is marked contrast between normally pigmented hyperpigmented, hypopigmented or depigmented skin in people of color.

Skin cancer and photoaging in ethnic skin.

Skin cancer prevalence in ethnic skin is low. Squamous cell carcinoma, hypopigmented mycosis fungoides, and acral lentiginous melanoma are the most serious types of skin cancer noted in the darker-skinned population. Photoaging occurs less frequently and is less severe in ethnic skin.

Cutaneous diseases in the black races.

Laser therapy is routinely used today to treat a myriad of general and cosmetic dermatologic conditions. Most laser procedures are performed on lighter skin types with an abundance of published literature. There is a dearth of information about lasers on darker ethnic skin types.

Pigmentary disorders in ethnic skin.

Pigmentary disorders are commonly seen in ethnic skin. They are psychologically problematic in darker skin. Treatment of many of these disorders remains difficult.

Acne in ethnic skin.

Acne is the most common disorder observed in ethnic skin. Clinical presentation is different than in white skin. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of acne in darker skin.

Structure and function of ethnic skin and hair.

Differences have been found among blacks, whites, Asians, and Hispanics in various areas of skin structure and function. Among them is the stratum corneum lipid (ceramide) content, which is highest in Asians, then Hispanics, then whites, and lowest in blacks. Melanosomal packaging and percutaneous absorption rates for specific compounds also vary among the different races.

Ethnic skin disorders overview.

With the changing demographics of the US population, there is a need to understand the variety of dermatologic disorders that manifest in ethnic groups of non-Caucasian skin types. This article provides a review of presentations and current treatments of several common dermatologic diagnoses in black, Hispanic, and Asian racial groups and compares them with the presentations in Caucasian skin. The specific diagnoses discussed in the different racial groups include acne; pigmentary disorders such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, vitiligo, and melasma; and photoaging.