An Eye-Fixation Related Electroencephalography Technique for Predicting Situation Awareness: Implications for Driver State Monitoring Systems.

Objective: This study developed a fixation-related electroencephalography band power (FRBP) approach for situation awareness (SA) assessment in automated driving.

Background: Maintaining good SA in Level 3 automated vehicles is crucial to drivers' takeover performance when the automated system fails. A multimodal fusion approach that enables the analysis of the visual behavioral and cognitive processes of SA can facilitate real-time assessment of SA in future driver state monitoring systems.

Using eye-tracking to investigate the effects of pre-takeover visual engagement on situation awareness during automated driving.

Automated driving systems are becoming increasingly prevalent throughout society. In conditionally automated vehicles, drivers may engage in non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs), which can negatively affect their situation awareness (SA) and preparedness to resume control of the vehicle, when necessary. Previous work has investigated engagement in NDRTs, but questions remain unanswered regarding its effect on drivers' SA during a takeover event.

Physiological Measurements of Situation Awareness: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The goal of this systematic literature review is to investigate the relationship between indirect physiological measurements and direct measures of situation awareness (SA).

Background: Across different environments and tasks, assessments of SA are often performed using techniques designed specifically to directly measure SA, such as SAGAT, SPAM, and/or SART. However, research suggests that indirect physiological sensing methods may also be capable of predicting SA.

Mirage events & driver haptic steering alerts in a motion-base driving simulator: A method for selecting an optimal HMI.

This paper describes a new method, a 'mirage scenario,' to support formative evaluation of driver alerting or warning displays for manual and automated driving. This method provides driving contexts (e.g.