Persuasion with Precision: Using Natural Language Processing to Improve Instrument Fidelity for Risk Communication Experimental Treatments.

Instrument fidelity in message testing research hinges upon how precisely messages operationalize treatment conditions. However, numerous message-testing studies have unmitigated threats to validity and reliability because no established procedures exist to guide of message treatments. Their construction typically occurs in a black box, resulting in suspect inferential conclusions about treatment effects.

Cultural and multicultural topics in Neuropsychology Journal titles from 2010-2020.

Objective: The values of a field are reflected in the science it publishes. The goal of this study was to present a historical analysis of the extent to which the field of clinical neuropsychology publishes journals with titles that address culture in the context of brain function and behavior between 2010 and 2020.

Methods: Titles from articles published in 13 neuropsychology journals from 2010-2020 were collected and coded with regard to culture and multicultural content.

Community Senior Center Intervention to Address Factors Related to Memory Screening Engagement.

There are many individual and societal benefits to screen older adults for memory problems. Four theoretically derived psychosocial factors are predictive of dementia screening intention: perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and knowledge about memory. The current study tested whether these factors could be modified with an educational memory screening intervention given in community senior centers.

A survey of the perceptions and practices of faculty in clinical neuropsychology doctoral training programs: is heterogeneity the norm?

Doctoral education is a cornerstone in the training of clinical neuropsychologists. However, we know little about perceptions, practices, and needs of the faculty who oversee doctoral training in clinical neuropsychology (CN). Seventy-one faculty from 45 doctoral programs providing CN training completed at least part of a survey assessing characteristics of their programs, current training practices and views, and challenges to CN doctoral training.

Discrimination and Cognition in Midlife Black Women: The Roles of Social Support and Spirituality.

Objectives: Black women are at high risk for discrimination and cognitive impairment in late life. It is not known if discrimination is a risk factor for cognitive decline in Black women and if so, what factors are protective against the adverse cognitive effects of discrimination. Using the biopsychosocial model of gendered racism, we determined if discrimination is associated with poorer cognition in midlife Black women and if social support and/or spirituality would protect against the deleterious effects of discrimination on cognition.

Loneliness and risk for cardiovascular disease in the United States and Japan: The effects of nationality, collectivism, and gender.

Rationale: Loneliness is a global concern associated with adverse effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) that may differ by nationality, collectivism, and gender.

Objective: This study examined whether associations between loneliness and CVD indicators (e.g.

The Role of Autobiographical Resilience Memories in Emotion Regulation: An Account of Age Differences in Mnemonic and Positive Reappraisal.

A lifetime of resilience through emotionally challenging experiences may benefit older adults, lending to emotion regulation mastery with time. Yet the influence of autobiographical experiences on momentary reappraisal, the reinterpretation of negative stimuli as more positive, has never been empirically tested. This online study examined the extent to which associating life memories of resilience with novel negative scenarios enhanced reappraisal efficacy and reduced difficulty to reappraise.

Culturally responsive psychological assessment with racially and ethnically diverse older adults.

The older adult population in the United States (U.S.) is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse, whereas most practicing neuropsychologists are white.

Academic skills, self-perceptions, and grades in university students with a history of multiple concussions: The mediating roles of processing speed and psychological symptoms.

This study determined if university students with a history of multiple concussions may be at risk for academic difficulties and poor academic performance. We investigated if executive functioning, processing speed, and/or psychological symptoms might partially account for differences in academic performance of students with and without a history of multiple concussions. University students with a history of three or more concussions (n = 58), one concussion (n = 57), or no concussion (n = 57) completed academic, cognitive, and psychological assessments.

Predictors of cognitive decline in a multi-racial sample of midlife women: A longitudinal study.

Hypertension, diabetes, depressive symptoms, and smoking are predictors of cognitive decline in late life. It is unknown if these risk factors are associated with cognition during midlife or if the associations between these risk factors and cognition vary by race. This longitudinal study examined (a) risk factors for decline in episodic memory, processing speed, and working memory in midlife women and (b) if the associations between risk factors and cognitive decline were moderated by race.

Update on Third Party Observers in Neuropsychological Evaluation: An Interorganizational Position Paper.

Objective: The National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN), the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN), and the American College of Professional Neuropsychology (ACPN) collaborated to publish an update to their original position statements, confirming the organizations' opposition to third party observers (TPO).

Method: A review of literature addressing TPO effects, ethical standards, professional organization position statements, test publisher policies and new telemedicine developments was completed to obtain consensus on relevant issues in TPO and recording of neuropsychological evaluations.

Results: TPO has been shown to impact the cognitive functions most often assessed in forensic or medicolegal settings.

Update on Third Party Observers in Neuropsychological Evaluation: An Interorganizational Position Paper.

Objective: The National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN), the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN), and the American College of Professional Neuropsychology (ACPN) collaborated to publish an update to their original position statements, confirming the organizations' opposition to third party observer (TPO).

Method: A review of literature addressing TPO effects, ethical standards, professional organization position statements, test publisher policies and new telemedicine developments was completed to obtain consensus on relevant issues in TPO and recording of neuropsychological evaluations.

Results: TPO has been shown to impact the cognitive functions most often assessed in forensic or medicolegal settings.

Greater negative affect and mixed emotions during spontaneous reactions to sad films in older than younger adults.

Older adults may be better able to regulate emotion responses to negative experiences than younger persons when provided instructions, but age group differences in spontaneous emotion responses are poorly understood. The current study determined age group differences in spontaneous reactivity and recovery in negative and positive affects, as well as the co-occurrence of negative and positive affects, following a laboratory mood induction. Younger ( = 71) and older adults ( = 44) rated negative and positive affects before and several times after a negative mood induction involving sad film clips.

Sleep Behaviors in Persons With Alzheimer's Disease: Associations With Caregiver Sleep and Affect.

Poor sleep in persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common stressor for family caregivers. Retrospective reports support associations between sleep disturbance in persons with AD and worse caregiver mood; however, prospective associations between sleep in persons with AD and caregiver outcomes have not been studied. The current study determined associations between affect and sleep of persons with AD and their caregivers using daily diary data.

Older and younger adult definitions of emotion terms: a mixed-method content analysis.

Objectives: Conceptualizations of emotions might evolve over the course of adult development as motivations shift, but there are gaps in knowledge regarding these changes. This mixed-methods study tested theoretical predictions pertaining to age group differences in conceptualizations of emotions.

Method: University students ( = 210, M age = 20.

Valuing water quality benefits from adopting best management practices: A spatial approach.

We developed a GIS-based tool that values, in a spatially explicit way, the ecosystem services generated by water quality improvements resulting from adoption of agricultural best management practices (BMPs). The tool is calibrated for watersheds in the Chesapeake Bay drainage and includes the benefits from water quality improvements within targeted watersheds, water quality improvements downstream from targeted watersheds, and reductions in pollutant loadings to Chesapeake Bay. The tool is used to investigate specific BMP scenarios adopted within specific watersheds.

Responsiveness to change over time and test-retest reliability of the PROMIS and Neuro-QoL mental health measures in persons with Huntington disease (HD).

Background: The majority of persons with Huntington disease (HD) experience mental health symptoms. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are capable of capturing unobservable behaviors and feelings relating to mental health. The current study aimed to test the reliability and responsiveness to self-reported and clinician-rated change over time of Neuro-QoL and PROMIS mental health PROs over the course of a 24-month period.

Shift happens: The gender composition in clinical neuropsychology over five decades.

Objective: The current study utilizes five decades of data to demonstrate cohort differences in gender representation in governance, speaking at conferences, serving on editorial boards, and in scholarly productivity in clinical neuropsychology. Broadly examining gender disparities across domains of professional attainment helps illuminate the areas in which inequity in clinical neuropsychology is most pronounced and in need of ameliorative resources.

Methods: Data from 1967 to 2017 were coded from publicly available information from the four major professional associations for clinical neuropsychology in the U.

Understanding domains that influence perceived stigma in individuals with Huntington disease.

Purpose/objective: Persons with Huntington's disease experience stigma because of their gene status. Whereas perceived stigma has been found to impact quality of life, it is unknown how different health domains (i.e.

Psychometric properties and responsiveness of Neuro-QoL Cognitive Function in persons with Huntington disease (HD).

Purpose: Individuals with Huntington disease (HD) experience progressive cognitive decline that may appear years before motor manifestations of the disease. These declines have a profound effect on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over the disease course, and thus it is important that self-report measures of cognitive function are validated for use in longitudinal studies.

Methods: 359 individuals with premanifest or manifest HD completed baseline and at least one follow-up (12- and 24-month) assessment.

Characters matter: How narratives shape affective responses to risk communication.

Introduction: Whereas scientists depend on the language of probability to relay information about hazards, risk communication may be more effective when embedding scientific information in narratives. The persuasive power of narratives is theorized to reside, in part, in narrative transportation.

Purpose: This study seeks to advance the science of stories in risk communication by measuring real-time affective responses as a proxy indicator for narrative transportation during science messages that present scientific information in the context of narrative.

Responsiveness to Change Over Time: An Examination of the Neuro-QoL Social Function Measures in Persons with Huntington's Disease.

Background: Social health is an important concern in persons with Huntington's disease (HD); however, there is little literature examining this construct in this population.

Objective: While cross-sectional data supports the clinical utility of two Neuro-QoL social health measures in persons with HD, data is still needed to establish their longitudinal validity.

Methods: Participants (N = 358) completed baseline and at least one follow-up (12- and 24-month) assessment that included the completion of Neuro-QoL Social Health computer adaptive tests (CATs) and short forms (for Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities [SRA] and Satisfaction with SRA).

HDQLIFE and neuro-QoL physical function measures: Responsiveness in persons with huntington's disease.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurological disorder that causes severe motor symptoms that adversely impact health-related quality of life. Patient-reported physical function outcome measures in HD have shown cross-sectional evidence of validity, but responsiveness has not yet been assessed.

Objectives: This study evaluates the responsiveness of the Huntington Disease Health-Related Quality of Life (HDQLIFE) and the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) physical function measures in persons with HD.

Validation of Neuro-QoL and PROMIS Mental Health Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Persons with Huntington Disease.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for mental health are important for persons with Huntington disease (HD) who commonly experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, irritability, anger, aggression, and apathy. Given this, there is a need for reliable and valid patient-reported outcomes measures of mental health for use as patient-centered outcomes in clinical trials.

Objective: Thus, the purpose of this study was to establish the psychometric properties (i.