Blue Light-Ocular and Systemic Damaging Effects: A Narrative Review.

Light is a fundamental aspect of our lives, being involved in the regulation of numerous processes in our body. While blue light has always existed in nature, with the ever-growing number of electronic devices that make use of short wavelength (blue) light, the human retina has seen increased exposure to it. Because it is at the high-energy end of the visible spectrum, many authors have investigated the theoretical harmful effects that it poses to the human retina and, more recently, the human body, given the discovery and characterization of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells.

Multi gene panel testing for hereditary breast cancer - is it ready to be used?

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of death among women worldwide. About 20% of breast cancers are hereditary. Approximately 30% of the mutations have remained negative after testing even in families with a Mendelian inheritance pattern for breast cancer.

Ulcerative colitis associated with gastric heterotopia in the rectum: a case report.

Gastric heterotopia is defined as the presence of morphologically normal gastric tissue at a non-physiological site, coexisting with the original tissue. Although it is not uncommon to see it in the esophagus, duodenum or small intestine, it is exceptionally rare to discover gastric mucosa in the rectum. Here we report the case of a 46-year old male with a 10-year history of ulcerative colitis in whom the surveillance rectosigmoidoscopy detected a Mayo score of 1 for ulerative colitis activity and a middle rectal sessile polyp.