[Personality profile caused by epilepsy according to the «Big Five» model].

Objective: Determination of the characteristics of the personality profile using the Big Five model in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, taking into account the duration of the disease.

Material And Methods: An open clinical and psychological study of patients diagnosed with epilepsy (=47; 33.8±8.

Nature in the Heart and Mind of the Beholder: Psycho-Emotional and EEG Differences in Perception of Virtual Nature Due to Gender.

Natural environment experiences in virtual reality (VR) can be a feasible option for people unable to connect with real nature. Existing research mostly focuses on health and emotional advantages of the "virtual nature" therapy, but studies of its neuropsychological effects related to visual perception are rare. In our experiment, 20 subjects watched nature-related video content in VR headsets (3D condition) and on a computer screen (2D condition).

Age-Related Changes and Reorganization of Creativity and Intelligence Indices in Schoolchildren and University Students.

Despite the lasting interest towards the relationship between intelligence and creativity, comparably less attention is paid to its age-related changes. Our paper considers the organization of fluid intelligence and psychometric indicators of creativity and is based on the experimental data obtained for children aged 11 ( = 99) and for young adults ( = 77). We used two figural and verbal tasks with and without time limit.

[The importance of information load in training visual-spatial memory under distributed attention in older women.].

The activation of cognitive reserves and improved neuroplasticity of the brain, found as a result of cognitive training in the elderly, stimulate research in this direction due to the lack of consensus on the effectiveness of such an impact so far. To study the effect of information load during training of visual-spatial memory in conditions of distributed attention, the dynamics of memory and attention indicators was analyzed during ten training sessions in groups of twenty-year-old (GrY) and sixty-year-old (GrO) women. Regardless of the experimental conditions, the GrO differs from the GrY in the lower accuracy of hitting the target spatial spaced stimuli but similar indicators of attention concentration on the centrally located stimulus.

[Cognitive Reserves: Prefrontal Cortex or Information Load?].

Information technology is becoming an increasingly important tool of scientific knowledge due to the exponential growth of the number of publications presenting the results of neurobiological and psychological research. To identify predictors of cognitive reserves and methods for their determination based on the developed applied ontology, we performed a bibliometric analysis of publications contained in the PubMed database. It is shown that the annual growth in the number of publications relevant to the topic in the period 1990-2019 was 11%, which is higher than the average for science.

[Neurophysiological correlates of postoperative cognitive disorders].

Objective: A special place among cognitive disorders in patients with cardiovascular diseases is given to postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The study aimed at investigating the patterns of beta-2 activity associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material And Methods: The study included 60 patients who underwent neuropsychological testing 3-5 days before surgery and on the 7-10 day of CABG.

Imbalance between Emotionally Negative and Positive Life Events Retrieval and the Associated Asymmetry of Brain Activity.

Sustained focusing on a negative assessment of life events can create negative background and changes in the emotional feedback to new information. In this regard, it is important to assess the balance between self-assessment of emotional memories and their reflection in brain activity. The study was aimed at exploring the brain activity using electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis in six frequency ranges from delta to beta2 during the retrieval of positive or negative emotional memory compared with the resting state.

[Motivational inductors of behavior as reserves of successful aging.].

Aging-associated differences in motivational inducers of behavior the internal control of which promotes «successful» aging are studied. The study involved university students and elderly women (20±1,1 and 65,1±5,8 years, respectively). The dominance of cognitive activity in the profile of motivational inducers is established regardless of the age and time period of self-assessment.

[ROLES OF RATIONAL-IRRATIONAL COGNITIVE STYLES IN THE ALPHA RHYTHM REACTIVITY DURING CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT THINKING].

Changes of the alpha1 and alpha2 rhythms during convergent (addition in the mind) and divergent (heuristic task solving) thinking due to rational and irrational cognitive styles were studied. It is shown that the functional activity of the cerebral cortex during convergent thinking was associated with rational style and presented in parietal low-frequency alpha1 biopotentials whereas during divergent thinking - with the irrational, and this effect was produced by widespread regional and frequency differences of alpha1 and alpha2 oscillations in posterior cortex. The originality of ideas correlated with the alpha desynchronization in the posterior cortex in the persons with high intuition, whereas the persons with low intuition characterized by the alpha synchronization.

[Aging-Induced Reorganization of Association Between Intelligence and Characteristics of Attention and Memory].

The relationships between intelligence and indicators of attention systems functions, and recogni- tion of remembered verbal and figural stimuli, as well as the lateral characteristics of verbal memory in older age (64.5 ± 6.3 years, n = 83; 43 women) and in young group (22.

[Age Effect on Relationship Between Intelligence and EEG Characteristics].

Age effect on EEG correlates of psychometrically estimated intelligence (IQ) in the younger (N = 132, age mean = 21.8 ± 3.1) and elder groups (N = 84, age mean = 64.

[Aging-induced differences in relationships between intelligence and self-assessment of quality of life].

Relationships between a self-assessment of quality of life and level of verbal, figurative and social intelligence in three age groups of students (middle age 63,9±5,8, 32±7,2, and 19,7±1,5 years; 90 % women) are studied. The group of elderly people differed from younger in low values of an integrated indicator physical health according to SF-36 questionnaire, especially - on scales physical and role functioning, and decreased figurative and social intelligence at relative constancy of verbal IQ. The different age-associated forms of interrelation of components of intelligence and quality of life are found: positive correlation between social intelligence and role functioning scores at senior persons; more numerous positive correlations between verbal and figurative intelligence and indicators of quality of life including integrated indicator of mental health in the thirty-year-old group; and positive correlation between verbal intelligence and values on a scale physical functioning, but negative correlations between figurative intelligence and role functioning and between social intelligence and an integrated indicator physical health for the twenty-year-old group.

[Attention system functions and their relationship with self-reported health in patients with brain damage due to tumor].

Aim: To compare parameters of attention in healthy people and patients with neoplasms in different regions of the cerebral cortex and to evaluate quality of life (QoL) indices with regard to impairment of different attention systems.

Material And Methods: Twenty patients with oncological lesions of the brain (mean age 56.5±8.

[Effects of Aging Brain and Activation Methods of Its Compensatory Resources].

The review contains recently finding mechanisms of aging brain and of age-associated imbalances of architecture and functions of brain neural systems. The compensatory resources of a brain and the methods of its cognitive training influencing the integrity and development of intellectual functions are described. It is shown meaning life style in dynamics of brain aging.

[Cognitive functions and personality traits in patients with brain tumors: the role of lesion localization].

Personality traits and cognitive functions were studied depending on a tumor localization in the brain in 21 neurosurgical patients and the results were compared with a control group. In patients with brain damage, mostly affected were personality traits associated with emotion regulation and social interaction (neuroticism, psychoticism and social conformity). Increases in psychoticism and decreases in neuroticism were more expressed in patients with a left-hemisphere localization of tumors.

[Intelligence and creativity changes induced by pathological growth of space-occupying cerebral lesion].

Creativity and intelligence changes depending on tumor localization in frontal or parietal cortex before surgical procedure in 24 patients in comparison with control group are studied. Brain damage-induced intelligence impairment and a decrease of fluency, flexibility of figural divergent thinking, and originality of verbal one without specificity of tumor localization were found. Intelligence decrease was more presented while performing of figural tasks and least of all in verbal ones.

[Hypoxia-induced reaction of cardiorespiratory system in persons with different creativity].

The associations between creativity characteristics and tolerance of young healthy subjects to experimentally induced normobaric hypoxia were studied. Inhalation of a gas mix with the lowered content of oxygen (10% O2) proceeded during time necessary for arterial hemoglobin saturation (SaO2) decrease to 80%. In the restoration period subjects breathed usual air during time necessary for SaO2 restoration to reference values.

[Sex differences in relationship between creativity and hemispheric information processing in global and local levels].

Sex differences in creativity related global-local hemispheric selective processing were examined by hierarchical letter presenting in conditions of their perception and comparison. Fifty-six right-handed males and 68 females (aged 17-22 years) participated in the experiments. Originality-imagery was assessed by a computer-based Torrance 'Incomplete Figures' test software.

[Relationship between creativity and hemispheric information processing: effect of handedness].

Effect of handedness in creativity-related global and local hemispheric selective processing was examined with lateralized presentation of hierarchical letters. Eighty-four university students (aged 17-22 years) participated in the study. Handedness was determined by Annett questionnaire.

[Topographic characteristics of cortex activity in delta-, alpha2-, and gamma2- frequency bands related to social creativity].

Social creativity-related topographic changes of the delta, alpha2, and gamma2 power were studied using 19-channel EEG. Originality and fluency indices of social thinking were evaluated on basis of specially developed 'divergent' task solution that stimulated different interpretations of social scenes; complex visual stimuli (architectural building) were used as control task. 'Divergent' task performing was characterized by both the greater power of the delta and alpha2 rhythms mostly in the right hemisphere and widespread increase in the gamma2 power as compared with the control task.

The relationship of positive and negative expressiveness to the processing of emotion information.

The tendency to express emotions non-verbally is positively related to perception of emotions in oneself. This study examined its relationship to perception of emotions in others. In 40 healthy adults, EEG theta synchronization was used to indicate emotion processing following presentation of happy, angry, and neutral faces.

[Selection of visual hierarchical stimuli between global and local aspects in men and women].

Sex differences in global-local hemispheric selective processing were examined by hierarchical letter presenting in conditions of their perception and comparison. Fifty-six right-handed males and 68 females (aged 17-22 years) participated in the experiment. During interference between global and local aspects of stimuli the mean reaction times for correct global responses was quicker than local responses, and the right hemisphere has been dominated during global selective processing independently from the sex.

[EEG correlates of social creativity].

EEG correlates of social creativity defined as ability to originally and flexibly interpret social significant situations were studied. It was found that the alpha2 and gamma2 rhythms are specific bands which make it possible to tell the difference between social creativity and control task. Solving socially significant problems in experimental conditions is accompanied by an increase in the power of the delta and gamma2 bands and desynchronization in the alpha2 band less pronounced in divergent tasks than during the interpretation of convergent visual stimuli.

Gender-related differences in changes in the coherence of cortical biopotentials during image-based creative thought: relationship with action efficacy.

The aim of the present work was to study the characteristics of cortical interactions during performance of an image-based creative task in men and women with high and low levels of creativity. Subjects were divided into groups on the basis of the median originality score. EEG recordings were made in baseline conditions and during performance of the task (the Torrance Tests of Creating Thinking, "Incomplete Figures").

Changes in the coherence of cortical biopotentials during performance of a verbal creative task in men and women.

Changes in EEG coherence patterns evoked by performance of a verbal creative task were studied in 14 men and 13 women (university students). EEG coherence was calculated in six frequency ranges from 4 to 30 Hz. The experiment consisted of two series: in the first, the task was performed with the instruction to "create a sentence;" in the second, the instruction was to "create an original sentence.