[Radioguided surgery in neuroendocrine tumors. A review of the literature].

Radioguided surgery can be a useful technique in the localization of neuroendocrine tumors. It detects more and smaller lesions compared to pre-surgical imaging and intraoperative digital palpation by the surgeon. It detects residual lesions and also indicates the shortest access route to the lesion.

The contribution of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in a patient with cutaneous metastases of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

A 61-year-old patient was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP) and treated with partial penectomy (pT1,N0,M0,G2). Seven months later, a palpable adenopathy was found in the left inguinal region. An (18)F-FDG PET/CT exploration showed hypermetabolic lymphadenopathies in inguinal, pelvic, retroperitoneal regions, in both lung hila and in the left supraclavicular regions.

Extensive hypermetabolic pattern of brown adipose tissue activation on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a patient diagnosed of catecholamine-secreting para-vesical paraganglioma.

The widespread use of (18)F-FDG PET-CT scanning in oncological patients has allowed to demonstrate the existence of metabolically active brown fat, also called brown adipose tissue (BAT), in adult humans, and specifying its anatomical distribution in vivo. As physiological determinants to BAT (18)F-FDG uptake has been identified gender, age, temperature, and body mass index. We have observed extensive activation of the BAT, including the mesenteric region, in a patient with a catecholamine-secreting para-vesical paranganglioma.

[18F-FDG PET/CT diagnosis of liver cyst infection in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and fever of unknown origin].

The diagnosis, localization and treatment of infected cysts in the kidney or liver of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remain a clinical challenge. We report the findings of (18)F-FDG PET-CT in an ADPKD diagnosed patient who required renal transplantation five years before and in his follow up presented repeated episodes of bacteriemia without known focus on radiological tests performed. The (18)F-FDG PET-CT scan showed numerous hypermetabolic images with focal or ring-shaped morphology related to the content and the wall of some hepatic cysts.

[Papillary thyroid carcinoma synchronous with breast cancer: an incidental finding in an (18)F-FDG PET-CT study carried out in a search for occult breast cancer].

The most common cause of metastatic involvement of axillary lymph nodes in women is ipsilateral breast cancer. The definition of occult breast malignancy has changed over time. Nowadays, it is considered to exist when it coincides with an isolated metastatic axillary abnormal lymph node in the absence of a palpable tumor in the ipsilateral breast, non-diagnostic breast tumor mammography and no detection of other malignancies outside the breast which could potentially affect the axillary nodes.

[Resistance to first line chemotherapy treatment in a patient diagnosed of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma identified by 18F-FDG PET/CT: diagnostic and therapeutic implications].

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare entity that accounts for less than 5% of the cases of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) with morphological, immunophenotypical, genetic and clinical behavior traits different from the classic HL. In a minority of patients, the NLPHL course is complicated by a transformation to a non-Hodgkin diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (NHDLBCL) with prognostic and therapeutic implications. Early metabolic changes observed by (18)F-FDG PET in patients with HL and NHL, after 1-3 cycles of chemotherapy, predict the final response to treatment and progression-free survival.

[Intramammary sentinel lymph node preoperative identification with SPECT/CT in a patient with breast cancer. Clinical meaning and relevance].

We present the case of a patient with breast cancer who underwent selective sentinel lymph node biopsy. An intramammary sentinel lymph node was identified with SPECT/CT in the preoperative lymphoscintigraphy. We describe our diagnostic and therapeutic procedure regarding this finding and the literature review to evaluate the clinical significance of their identification and metastases, especially in regards to more appropriate axillary management.

[Ectopic parathyroid adenoma: Scintigraphic detection and radioguided surgery].

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of (99m)Tc-MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy and radioguided parathyroidectomy on the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) due to ectopic adenomas.

Methods: We reviewed 105 consecutive patients who underwent radioguided parathyroidectomy due to adenomas between March 2004 and December 2008. Of this group we studied 20 patients (19%) with ectopic adenomas.

[¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT in cytomegalovirus-induced mononucleosis].

The case of a 51 years-old woman with high fever, asthenia and weight loss of three weeks of evolution is presented. She had a personal history of breast cancer and liver metastases. The physical examination showed small painless enlarged lymph nodes in both latero-cervical chains.

[Treatment with (131)I of thyroid remnants in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma and end-stage chronic renal failure].

The follow-up and treatment of thyroid cancer presents several aspects subject to discussion, such as its management in patients with End-Stage Renal Failure (ESRF). We present a patient with ESRF and papillary thyroid carcinoma, which had to be coordinated among different departments (Endocrinology, Nuclear Medicine, Nephrology and Physics and Radiation Protection). Both the diagnostic scintigraphy with (123)I and the ablative treatment with (131)I performed later were performed with the administration of rh TSH.

Lymphoscintigraphic SPECT/CT localization of a sentinel node in an unusual position: Rotter's node.

A 57-year-old woman with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the right breast underwent lymph node scintigraphy with Tc-99m-nanocolloid for preoperative sentinel node localization. On planar images, an unusual pattern of lymphatic drainage was observed. We performed a chest SPECT/CT, revealing an interpectoral sentinel node, ie, Rotter's node.

[Scintimammography with 99mTC-MIBI in the clinical practice: repercussion on the clinical management of the patient].

Objective: Establish the usefulness of scintimammography (SM) in day-to-day clinical practice.

Material And Methods: We have evaluated 308 SM consecutively performed in our Department. The diagnosis was established by way of biopsy or clinical and mammography follow-up (minimum 18 months).

[Treatment of Graves-Basedow's disease with 131I. Assessment of a "modulated fixed activity" protocol].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the hypothyroidism rate, persistence of hyperthyroidism and the complications after the administration of 131I in 3 cohorts defined according to the activity of 131I administered.

Methods: We consecutively treated 659 patients diagnosed with Graves-Basedow disease (GBD) with 131I. The activity was determined on the basis of a protocol that we called "modulated fixed activity".

[Treatment of bone metastatic pain with Sm153-EDTMP. Evaluation of the analgesic response and the existence of differences according to the primary tumor and the metastatic pattern].

Aims: To evaluate the response to Sm153-EDTMP treatment in patients with metastatic bone pain and the existence of differences in the response according to the scintigraphic pattern (99mTc-MDP) and the primary tumor.

Material And Methods: We have evaluated the response to Sm153-EDTMP treatment in 32 patients (17 male and 15 female) who received 38 doses (1 mCi/kg). The primary tumor was prostate cancer in 15 patients, breast in 13, lung in 2, intestinal carcinoid in one and unknown in one.