Serum and sputum levels of IL-17, IL-21, TNFα and mRNA expression of IL-17 in sulfur mustard lung tissue with long term pulmonary complications (28 years after sulfur mustard exposure).

Background: Iranian veterans who had exposed to Sulfur Mustard (SM) suffer from long term complications such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and bronchiolitis obliterate (BO). Th17 cells product IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22. They have important roles in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cellular viability and its correlation with long-term pulmonary complications after sulfur mustard exposure.

Introduction: Sulfur mustard (SM) as a chemical warfare agent has short- and long-term complications on its victims. Complications of exposure to SM depend on the level of contamination. Long-term pulmonary complications are the most serious problems.

Circulating mesenchymal stem cells in sulfur mustard-exposed patients with long-term pulmonary complications.

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic agent that causes acute and long-term pulmonary complications. Recent evidence has shown the impact of SM on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells have a critical role in repairing the damaged tissues.