Incorporating soil information with machine learning for crop recommendation to improve agricultural output.

The agriculture field is the basis of a country's change and financial system. Crops are the main source of revenue for the people. One of the farmer's most challenging problems is choosing the right crops for their land.

Target-triggered aptasensor using dual-colored dye-doped silica nanoparticles for simultaneous detection of ampicillin and oxytetracycline.

Antibiotic residues in milk pose public health risks by promoting antimicrobial resistance, necessitating advanced detection methods. This study presents a dual-color "turn-on" aptasensor for simultaneous detection of ampicillin (AMP) and oxytetracycline (OTC). Aptamer-functionalized silica nanoparticles doped with Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (apt-RBITC@SiO) and Alexa Fluor 488 (apt-AF488@SiO) serve as fluorescence probes, while multicore iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) act as capture probes.

Novel transfer learning based acoustic feature engineering for scene fake audio detection.

Audio forensics plays a major role in the investigation and analysis of audio recordings for legal and security purposes. The advent of audio fake attacks using speech combined with scene-manipulated audio represents a sophisticated challenge in fake audio detection. Fake audio detection, a critical technology in modern digital security, addresses the growing threat of manipulated audio content across various applications, including media, legal evidence, and cybersecurity.

Integrative analyses reveal Bna-miR397a-BnaLAC2 as a potential modulator of low-temperature adaptability in Brassica napus L.

Brassica napus L. (B. napus) is a major edible oil crop grown around the southern part of China, which often faces cold stress, posing potential damage to vegetative tissues.

Tailored therapies for triple-negative breast cancer: current landscape and future perceptions.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has become one of the most challenging cancers to date due to its great variability in biological features, high growth rate, and rare options for treatment. This review examines several innovative strategies for tailored treatment of TNBC, focusing mainly on the most recent developments and potential directions. The molecular landscape of TNBC is covered in the first section, which keeps the focus on transcriptome and genomic profiling while highlighting key molecular targets like mutations in the BRCA1/2, PIK3CA, androgen receptors (AR), epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), and immunological checkpoint molecules.

Impact of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Versus Monotherapy in Acute Stroke Management: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review evaluates the comparative efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus monotherapy in the management of acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Six studies, published between 2019 and 2024, were included, focusing on patient outcomes such as stroke recurrence, functional recovery, and safety measures. The findings consistently demonstrated that DAPT, particularly combinations like aspirin with clopidogrel or cilostazol, significantly reduced stroke recurrence and improved functional outcomes as compared to monotherapy, without a notable increase in major bleeding risk.

Modeling and simulation of cardiovascular system under cardiac arrest for finding a more effective CPR technique.

Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) saves life. However, all the current CPR methods produce only one third to one quarter of the normal cardiac output and hence post-CPR survival has remained very poor. We report a better CPR technique exhibiting increased cardiac output as compared to existing techniques.

Computational analysis of a mathematical model of hookworm infection.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 576 to 740 million people globally are infected with hookworms. It remains a significant public health threat in tropical and subtropical regions. Especially in low-income countries, hookworm infection continues to affect millions, even with the availability of modern medical advancements.

Ventilator pressure prediction employing voting regressor with time series data of patient breaths.

Mechanical ventilator plays a vital role in saving millions of lives. Patients with COVID-19 symptoms need a ventilator to survive during the pandemic. Studies have reported that the mortality rates rise from 50% to 97% in those requiring mechanical ventilation during COVID-19.

In-depth analysis of 17,115 rice transcriptomes reveals extensive viral diversity in rice plants.

Rice viruses seriously threaten rice cultivation and cause significant economic losses, but they have not yet been systematically identified, with only 20 rice-infecting viruses reported. Here, we perform a large-scale analysis of 17,115 RNA-seq libraries spanning 24 Oryza species across 51 countries. Using de novo assembly and homology-based methods, we identify 810 complete or near-complete viruses, including 276 known viruses and 534 novel viruses.

Rational application of combined fertilizers improved tea growth and quality components.

Background: The excessive and sole use of chemical fertilizers has been found to deteriorate tea quality components. Therefore, to explore the effects of rational application of combined organic and chemical fertilizers on tea growth and quality, a pot experiment was conducted with six treatments of rational and combined organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical fertilizer (CF) which were as follows: control (no fertilizer was applied), 0OF/CF100 (only CF was applied), 25OF/75CF (25% OF + 75% CF), 50CF/50OF (50% OF + 50% CF), 75OF/25CF (75% OF + 25% CF), and 100OF/0CF (only OF was applied). The biomass of tea plant, net photosynthetic rate, chloroplast ultrastructure, and tea quality components including tea polyphenols (TPs), flavonoids, sugars, catechins, caffeine, total amino acids (TAAs), chlorophyll pigments and TP/TAA were measured.

Novel transfer learning approach for hand drawn mathematical geometric shapes classification.

Hand-drawn mathematical geometric shapes are geometric figures, such as circles, triangles, squares, and polygons, sketched manually using pen and paper or digital tools. These shapes are fundamental in mathematics education and geometric problem-solving, serving as intuitive visual aids for understanding complex concepts and theories. Recognizing hand-drawn shapes accurately enables more efficient digitization of handwritten notes, enhances educational tools, and improves user interaction with mathematical software.

Identifying targets for antibiotic stewardship interventions in pediatric patients in Punjab, Pakistan: point prevalence surveys using AWaRe guidance.

Introduction: Surveillance of antibiotic use is crucial for identifying targets for antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs), particularly in pediatric populations within countries like Pakistan, where antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is escalating. This point prevalence survey (PPS) seeks to assess the patterns of antibiotic use in pediatric patients across Punjab, Pakistan, employing the WHO AWaRe classification to pinpoint targets for intervention and encourage rational antibiotic usage.

Methods: A PPS was conducted across 23 pediatric wards of 14 hospitals in the Punjab Province of Pakistan using the standardized Global-PPS methodology developed by the University of Antwerp.

Comprehensive Characterization of the Odor-Active Compounds in Different Processed Varieties of Yunnan White Tea () by GC×GC-O-MS and Chemometrics.

This study investigates the aroma characterization of unique white tea varieties from the Lüchun county of Yunnan province, Mainland China. These include shaken, unshaken, steam-cooked, and compressed varieties. The aroma profile of white tea varieties was analyzed using two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC×GC-O-MS), electronic nose (e-nose), and descriptive sensory evaluation.

Correction: Unveiling the obstacles encountered by women doctors in the Pakistani healthcare system: A qualitative investigation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Xylooligosaccharides: A comprehensive review of production, purification, characterization, and quantification.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS), short-chain polymers with prebiotic properties, have gained significant commercial attention over the past few decades due to their potential as nutraceutical components. Derived from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), XOS serve as health promoting compounds with applications across multiple sectors, including food pharmaceutical and cosmetic. This comprehensive review provides an overview of XOS production, purification, characterization, and quantification, highlighting their derivation from various sources such as agricultural waste, agro-economical forest residues, and nutrient-dense energy crops.

TargetCLP: clathrin proteins prediction combining transformed and evolutionary scale modeling-based multi-view features via weighted feature integration approach.

Clathrin proteins, key elements of the vesicle coat, play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including neural function, signal transduction, and endocytosis. Disruptions in clathrin protein functions have been associated with a wide range of diseases, such as Alzheimer's, neurodegeneration, viral infection, and cancer. Therefore, correctly identifying clathrin protein functions is critical to unravel the mechanism of these fatal diseases and designing drug targets.

Citrus diseases detection using innovative deep learning approach and Hybrid Meta-Heuristic.

Citrus farming is one of the major agricultural sectors of Pakistan and currently represents almost 30% of total fruit production, with its highest concentration in Punjab. Although economically important, citrus crops like sweet orange, grapefruit, lemon, and mandarins face various diseases like canker, scab, and black spot, which lower fruit quality and yield. Traditional manual disease diagnosis is not only slow, less accurate, and expensive but also relies heavily on expert intervention.

Systematic Review of Vaccine Strategies Against Tritrichomonas foetus Infection in Cattle: Insights, Challenges, and Prospects.

Tritrichomonas foetus is a protozoan parasite that causes bovine trichomonosis (also referred to as trichomoniasis) resulting in substantial economic loss in extensive grazing systems. The parasite colonises the reproductive tracts of both male and female cattle, being asymptomatic in males but causing early reproductive failure in infected females. This systematic review aimed to examine research manuscripts describing the development of T.

Comparative assessment of empirical and hybrid machine learning models for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration in sub-humid and semi-arid climates.

Improving the accuracy of reference evapotranspiration (RET) estimation is essential for effective water resource management, irrigation planning, and climate change assessments in agricultural systems. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM-FAO56) model, a widely endorsed approach for RET estimation, often encounters limitations due to the lack of complete meteorological data. This study evaluates the performance of eight empirical models and four machine learning (ML) models, along with their hybrid counterparts, in estimating daily RET within the Gharb and Loukkos irrigated perimeters in Morocco.

Understanding the pattern of resistance in multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii based on metabolomics approach.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses significant challenges to global public health. The major cause of AMR development is previous use of antibiotics, hospitalization, and the lack of efficient methods for screening AMR pathogens. Mass spectrometry techniques offer rapid, sensitive, and early detection of AMR both on proteomics and metabolomics levels.

Occurrence of biofilm forming fungal species and in vitro evaluation of anti-biofilm activity of disinfectants used in drinking water.

Fungal contamination in drinking water has garnered considerable attention over the past few decades, especially considering the detrimental consequences of pathogenic fungal species on both human and animal health. The formation of biofilms by certain species is a considerable factor contributing to the emergence of severe fungal infections. This research was designed to isolate and identify fungi, particularly those capable of forming biofilms from 150 samples of drinking water sourced from various locations.

Novel Transfer Learning Approach for Detecting Infected and Healthy Maize Crop Using Leaf Images.

Maize is a staple crop worldwide, essential for food security, livestock feed, and industrial uses. Its health directly impacts agricultural productivity and economic stability. Effective detection of maize crop health is crucial for preventing disease spread and ensuring high yields.