Rebalancing the seed proteome following deletion of vicilin-related genes in pea (Pisum sativum L.).

Null mutations for genes encoding a major seed storage protein in pea, vicilin, were sought through screening a fast-neutron mutant population. Deletion mutations at four or five vicilin loci, where all vicilin genes within each locus were deleted, were combined to address the question of how removal or reduction of a major storage protein and potential allergen might impact the final concentration of protein per unit mature seed weight, seed yield and viability. While the concentration of seed protein was not reduced in mature seeds of mutant lines, indicative of a re-balancing of the proteome, notable differences were apparent in the metabolite, proteomic and amino acid profiles of the seeds, as well as in some functional properties.

The influence of preformed metal crowns versus zirconia crowns on the diagnostic quality of magnetic resonance images.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare in vitro the influence of preformed metal crowns (PMC) versus zirconia crowns (ZC) on the extent of artifact formation and the diagnostic quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Standard crown tooth preparations were performed on Typodont models. PMC and ZC were cemented on all primary molar teeth (n = 8) of the respective models.

Introducing a sleep disorder screening and management strategy for workers with future shift work requirements: a feasibility and acceptability study.

Sleep disorders are common, and largely undiagnosed in early-career workers. The combination of sleep disorders and shift work has implications for mental health, workplace safety, and productivity. Early identification and management of sleep disorders is likely to be beneficial to workers, employers and the community more broadly.

Characterization and quantification of fluid in the abdomen by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in children with clinical suspicion of appendicitis.

Purpose: While regarded as a secondary sign of pediatric appendicitis, the frequency of physiologic intra-abdominal fluid in children with suspected but absent appendicitis is unknown. Ex vivo: to assess the validity of US/MRI measurements of free fluid. In vivo: in suspected pediatric appendicitis, to assess the amount of abdominal fluid by US and MRI, determine performance characteristics of US in fluid detection and identify fluid volume ranges in confirmed appendicitis.

T2 mapping magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage in hemophilia.

Background: In hemophilia, recurrent hemarthrosis may lead to irreversible arthropathy. T2 mapping MRI may reflect cartilage changes at an earlier reversible stage of arthropathy as opposed to structural MRI.

Objectives: To evaluate interval changes of T2 mapping compared with the International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG) structural MRI scores of ankle cartilage in boys with hemophilia receiving prophylaxis.

What and how can we learn from complex global problems for antimicrobial resistance policy? A comparative study combining historical and foresight approaches.

Objectives: To (i) develop a methodology for using historical and comparative perspectives to inform policy and (ii) provide evidence for antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) policymaking by drawing on lessons from climate change and tobacco control.

Methods: Using a qualitative design, we systematically examined two other complex, large-scale policy issues-climate change and tobacco control-to identify what relevance to AMR can be learned from how these issues have evolved over time. During 2018-2020, we employed a five-stage approach to conducting an exploratory study involving a review of secondary historical analysis, identification of drivers of change, prioritisation of the identified drivers, scenario generation and elicitation of possible policy responses.

Combination of three null mutations affecting seed protein accumulation in pea (Pisum sativum L.) impacts positively on digestibility.

The presence of so-called anti-nutritional factors can reduce the bioavailability of nutrients following consumption of seeds which are otherwise an excellent source of proteins, carbohydrates and micronutrients. Among the proteins associated with negative effects on quality in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds are lectin, pea albumin 2 (PA2) and trypsin inhibitors (TI).

Inappropriate Shocks With Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in a Young Patient: A Case Report.

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are increasingly used for the primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Currently, transvenous (TV) and subcutaneous (S) ICDs are the two different types used. Preservation of central venous vasculature, no risk of vascular or myocardial injury during implant, easier explantation, and lower risk of systemic infections have driven the increased use of S-ICDs.

A Case Report of a Young Patient Presenting With Syncope Secondary to Arrhythmogenic Ventricular Cardiomyopathy.

Arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy is an inherited condition mainly affecting adults. A 35-year-old Asian male patient presented with syncope while walking home. He experienced a number of episodes of light-headedness and dizziness over the past few weeks.

A Case Report of Pacemaker-Induced Cardiomyopathy in a Patient With Post-atrioventricular Node Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.

Pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) is a rare but well-recognised phenomenon in patients requiring right ventricular (RV) pacing. It can be caused by single-chamber or dual-chamber pacemakers. We present a case of a 64-year-old female patient presenting to the pacemaker clinic with worsening shortness of breath and legs swelling.

Non-invasive MR imaging techniques for measuring femoral arterial flow in a pediatric and adolescent cohort.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is well-suited for imaging peripheral blood flow due to its non-invasive nature and excellent spatial resolution. Although MRI is routinely used in adults to assess physiological changes in chronic diseases, there are currently no MRI-based data quantifying arterial flow in pediatric or adolescent populations during exercise. Therefore the current research sought to document femoral arterial blood flow at rest and following exercise in a pediatric-adolescent population using phase contrast MRI, and to present test-retest reliability data for this method.

An allelic series of starch-branching enzyme mutants in pea (Pisum sativum L.) reveals complex relationships with seed starch phenotypes.

A set of mutant pea lines carrying induced mutations within the major seed-expressed starch-branching enzyme gene has been characterised at the molecular, chemical and agronomic levels. Eight of the induced mutations, three of which predicted a premature stop codon, were compared with the naturally occurring starch-branching enzyme mutation within the same genetic background. Starch, amylose and sugar measurements, coupled with analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-size exclusion chromatography of starches, identified a range of phenotypes which were grouped according to the nature of the mutation.

Peripheral Skeletal Muscle Impairment in Children After Treatment for Leukemia and Lymphoma.

Exercise intolerance is a common adverse effect of childhood cancer, contributing to impaired health and well-being. While reduced aerobic fitness has been attributed to central cardiovascular deficiencies, the involvement of peripheral musculature has not been investigated. We studied peripheral muscle function in children following cancer treatment using noninvasive phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Understanding Early Hemophilic Arthropathy in Children and Adolescents Through MRI T Mapping.

Background: Persons with hemophilia experience hemarthrosis, which can lead to cartilage degeneration, causing physical impairment. MRI T mapping has the potential to be used as a tool to evaluate early arthropathic changes and cartilage degeneration in patients with hemophilia.

Purpose: To assess the value of MRI-T mapping as a tool for investigating the cartilage status of children and adolescents with hemophilic arthropathy.

Gender Disparities in Cardiac Catheterization Rates Among Emergency Department Patients With Chest Pain.

Background: Previous studies have noted differences in rates of cardiac testing based on gender of patients. We evaluated cardiac catheterization rates for men and women presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain, particularly among patients without a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or recent positive stress test.

Methods: We performed a prospective evaluation of patients presenting to an urban, academic medical center for assessment of chest pain.

Pervasive lesion segregation shapes cancer genome evolution.

Cancers arise through the acquisition of oncogenic mutations and grow by clonal expansion. Here we reveal that most mutagenic DNA lesions are not resolved into a mutated DNA base pair within a single cell cycle. Instead, DNA lesions segregate, unrepaired, into daughter cells for multiple cell generations, resulting in the chromosome-scale phasing of subsequent mutations.

Correction to: Early Second Trimester Maternal Serum Steroid‑Related Biomarkers Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The original version of the article has been published without funding source information.

Early Second Trimester Maternal Serum Steroid-Related Biomarkers Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Epidemiologic studies link increased autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk to obstetrical conditions associated with inflammation and steroid dysregulation, referred to as prenatal metabolic syndrome (PNMS). This pilot study measured steroid-related biomarkers in early second trimester maternal serum collected during the first and second trimester evaluation of risk study. ASD case and PNMS exposure status of index offspring were determined through linkage with autism registries and birth certificate records.

Minimally invasive versus conventional surgery of the ascending aorta and root: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Limited uptake of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) of the aorta hinders assessment of its efficacy compared to median sternotomy (MS). The objective of this systematic review is to compare operative and perioperative outcomes for MIS versus MS. Online databases Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception until July 2018.

Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction and Exercise Intolerance in Children Treated with Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant-A Pilot Feasibility Study.

Haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is an intensive therapy for some pediatric hematological illnesses. Survivors are at risk for adverse effects including exercise intolerance. Peripheral tissue dysfunction may contribute to exercise intolerance; therefore, we examined the feasibility of a magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) protocol to evaluate skeletal muscle metabolism in children post-HSCT.