Prognostic factors and survival disparities in right-sided versus left-sided colon cancer.

Right-sided colon cancer (RCC) and left-sided colon cancer (LCC) differ in features and outcomes because of variations in embryology, epidemiology, pathology, and prognosis. This study sought to identify significant factors impacting patient survival through Bayesian modelling. Data was retrospectively analysed from a colorectal neoplasia database.

Pilonidal sinus: an overview of historical and current management modalities.

Pilonidal disease is a common condition that commonly affects the younger adult population and is often seen in both the general practice and the hospital setting. Multiple treatment methods have gained and lost popularity over the last several decades, but more recent intervention principles show promising results. This article details the different methods of managing acute and chronic pilonidal disease ranging from treatments in the primary care setting to those in hospital theatres, with special attention to newer modalities of minimally invasive interventions.

Comparison of quality of life, symptom and functional outcomes following surgical treatment for colorectal neoplasia.

Background: Colorectal surgical procedures can have a significant impact on quality-of-life (QoL), functional and symptom outcomes. This retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care center evaluated the influence of four colorectal surgical procedures on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: 512 patients undergoing colorectal neoplasia surgery between June 2015 and December 2017 were identified via the Cabrini Monash Colorectal Neoplasia database.

Factors affecting the post-operative outcomes in patients aged over 80 following colorectal cancer surgery.

Purpose: In 2019, in Australia, there were 500,000 people aged 85 and over. Traditionally, clinicians have adopted the view that surgery is not desirable in this cohort due to increasing perioperative risk, perceived minimal clinical benefit, and shortened life expectancy. This cohort study is aimed at investigating postoperative outcomes from elective and non-elective colorectal cancer surgery in patients aged 80 and over.

The effect of anti-spasmodic administration on the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging staging of rectal cancer.

Backgrounds: Magnetic resonance imaging is the primary method for local staging in rectal cancer patients. Administration of intravenous (IV) hyoscine butylbromide is thought to improve accuracy, but there are contraindications and potential adverse effects. The aim was to assess the efficacy of IV hyoscine butylbromide on the accuracy of MRI rectal cancer staging of T2 and T3 rectal cancers.

Impact of Anastomotic Leak on Long-term Oncological Outcomes After Restorative Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Anastomotic leak after restorative surgery for rectal cancer is a major complication and may lead to worse long-term oncological and survival outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with anastomotic leak and to assess the perioperative and long-term oncological impact of anastomotic leak in our cohort of patients with rectal cancer.

Design: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from the prospectively maintained Cabrini Monash colorectal neoplasia database.

A comparison of extracorporeal side to side or end to side anastomosis following a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer.

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether an extracorporeal side-to-side (SS) or end-to-side (ES) stapled anastomosis impacts short-term and long-term outcomes after an oncological laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data from two Victorian tertiary referral hospitals was performed. Patients who underwent oncological resection for colorectal cancer between February 2010 and September 2020 were selected from the colorectal neoplasia database.

Surgical Techniques for Abdominoperineal Resection for Rectal Cancer: One Size Does Not Fit All.

Abdominoperineal resection (APR) of rectal cancer is associated with poorer oncological outcomes than anterior resection. This may be due to higher rates of intra-operative perforation (IOP) and circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement causing higher recurrence rates and surgical complications. To address these concerns, several centers advocated a change in technique from a standard APR to a more radical extra-levator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE).

Modeling colorectal cancer: A bio-resource of 50 patient-derived organoid lines.

Background And Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. To improve outcomes for these patients, we need to develop new treatment strategies. Personalized cancer medicine, where patients are treated based on the characteristics of their own tumor, has gained significant interest for its promise to improve outcomes and reduce unnecessary side effects.

Predictive factors of complete pathological response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who achieve pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant therapy have better long-term outcomes and could be spared from the perioperative and long-term morbidity of rectal resection. The aim of this study was to identify factors that predict the ability to achieve pCR at completion of conventional neoadjuvant therapy, therefore determining their suitability for non-surgical management.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on data obtained from a prospectively maintained colorectal neoplasia database.

Personalized Medicine-Current and Emerging Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed worldwide and is heterogeneous both morphologically and molecularly. In an era of personalized medicine, the greatest challenge is to predict individual response to therapy and distinguish patients likely to be cured with surgical resection of tumors and systemic therapy from those resistant or non-responsive to treatment. Patients would avoid futile treatments, including clinical trial regimes and ultimately this would prevent under- and over-treatment and reduce unnecessary adverse side effects.

Achieving Opioid-Free Major Colorectal Surgery: Is It Possible?

Introduction: Opioid analgesia remains the mainstay of postoperative pain management strategies despite being associated with many adverse effects. A specific opioid-free protocol was designed to limit opioid usage.

Objective: The aim of the study was to audit the opioid-free rate within this protocol and to identify factors that might contribute to opioid-free surgery.

The Effect of Diabetes on the Perioperative Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer Surgery Patients.

There are approximately 1.3 million patients in Australia with diabetes. Conflicting reports exist in the literature as to the effect of diabetes on the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients.

Private sector surgical training: feasibility through the lens of appendicectomy.

Background: Training in medicine and surgery has been a public hospital responsibility in Australia. Increasing specialist training needs has led to pressure on speciality societies to find additional training posts, with one utilized solution being the establishment of private hospital training. This growing use has been despite no previously published evaluations of private hospital training in Australia.

Colorectal Cancer Surgery in the Very Elderly: Nonagenarians.

Background: Surgery in the very elderly is a topic that has not been well studied, despite the steady rise in this population. With the rise in this population, there is now discussion on the safety of surgery in this cohort for colorectal cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate elective and nonelective colorectal cancer surgery outcomes in patients aged ≥90 years at both private and public hospitals in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Colonoscopic localization accuracy for colorectal resections in the laparoscopic era.

Background: Colonic resection is increasingly performed laparoscopically, where intraoperative tumor localization is difficult. Incorrect localization can have adverse surgical results. This has not been studied in laparoscopic resection.

Degradation, phytoprotection and phytoremediation of phenanthrene by endophyte Pseudomonas putida, PD1.

Endophytes have been isolated from a large diversity of plants and have been shown to enhance the remediation efficiency of plants, but little information is available on the influence of endophytic bacteria on phytoremediation of widespread environmental contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study we selected a naturally occurring endophyte for its combined ability to colonize plant roots and degrade phenanthrene in vitro. Inoculation of two different willow clones and a grass with Pseudomonas putida PD1 was found to promote root and shoot growth and protect the plants against the phytotoxic effects of phenanthrene.

Comparison of low-dose human menopausal gonadotropin and micronized 17beta-estradiol supplementation in in vitro maturation cycles with thin endometrial lining.

Objective: A challenge of in vitro maturation (IVM) treatment in some women is insufficient development of the endometrium prior to embryo transfer.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: McGill Reproductive Center, Montreal, Canada.