Longitudinal cognitive performance of participants with sporadic early onset Alzheimer's disease from LEADS.

Introduction: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) manifests prior to the age of 65, and affects 4%-8% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current analyses sought to examine longitudinal cognitive trajectories of participants with early-onset dementia.

Methods: Data from 307 cognitively normal (CN) volunteer participants and those with amyloid-positive EOAD or amyloid-negative cognitive impairment (EOnonAD) were compared.

Differences in baseline cognitive performance between participants with early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Comparison of LEADS and ADNI.

Introduction: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) share similar amyloid etiology, but evidence from smaller-scale studies suggests that they manifest differently clinically. Current analyses sought to contrast the cognitive profiles of EOAD and LOAD.

Methods: Z-score cognitive-domain composites for 311 amyloid-positive sporadic EOAD and 314 amyloid-positive LOAD participants were calculated from baseline data from age-appropriate control cohorts.

Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation on copper-based thin foils.

The development of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) represents an increasing threat to patient health. In this context, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for various HAIs, determining about 20% of the infections in hospitalized patients, which makes it one of the most effective pathogens due to its strong ability to form biofilms. Using Cu-based materials as foils on high-touch surfaces can help to prevent and mitigate P.

Structural and antimicrobial properties of synthesized gold nanoparticles using biological and chemical approaches.

This study explores the synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using green and chemical methods, employing ginger extract and curcumin as reducing agents, in comparison to sodium citrate reduction. The biosynthesized AuNPs synthesized with ginger extract exhibited an average hydrodynamic diameter of 15 and 10 nm for curcumin-conjugated AuNPs, while chemically synthesized AuNPs with sodium citrate displayed an average size of 10 nm. Assessments via Zeta potential measurements revealed negative surface charges across all samples, with the curcumin-conjugated AuNPs showing -36.

Membrane-Nanoparticle Interactions: The Impact of Membrane Lipids.

The growing field of nanotechnology presents opportunity for applications across many sectors. Nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, hold distinct properties based on their size, shape, and chemical modifications that allow them to be utilized in both highly specific as well as broad capacities. As the classification of nanoparticles becomes more well-defined and the list of applications grows, it is imperative that their toxicity be investigated.

Exploring antimicrobial interactions between metal ions and quaternary ammonium compounds toward synergistic metallo-antimicrobial formulations.

Unlabelled: Multi-target antimicrobial agents are considered a viable alternative to target-specific antibiotics, resistance to which emerged as a global threat. Used centuries before the discovery of conventional antibiotics, metal(loid)-based antimicrobials (MBAs), which target multiple biomolecules within the bacterial cell, are regaining research interest. However, there is a significant limiting factor-the balance between cost and efficiency.

Bacterial synthesis of metal nanoparticles as antimicrobials.

Nanoscience, a pivotal field spanning multiple industries, including healthcare, focuses on nanomaterials characterized by their dimensions. These materials are synthesized through conventional chemical and physical methods, often involving costly and energy-intensive processes. Alternatively, biogenic synthesis using bacteria, fungi, or plant extracts offers a potentially sustainable and non-toxic approach for producing metal-based nanoparticles (NP).

From 0D-complex to 3D-MOF: changing the antimicrobial activity of zinc(II) reaction with aminocinnamic acids.

Combining zinc nitrate with 3- and/or 4- aminocinnamic acid (3-ACA and 4-ACA, respectively) leads to the formation of the 0D complex [Zn(4-AC)(HO)], the 1D coordination polymer [Zn(3-AC)(4-AC)], and the 2D and 3D MOFs [Zn(3-AC)]∙2HO and [Zn(4-AC)]∙HO, respectively. These compounds result from the deprotonation of the acid molecules, with the resulting 3- and 4-aminocinnamate anions serving as bidentate terminal or bridging ligands. All solids were fully characterized single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction and thermal techniques.

Novel pentafluorosulfanyl-containing triclocarban analogs selectively kill Gram-positive bacteria.

Unlabelled: Novel antimicrobial agents are needed to combat antimicrobial resistance. This study tested novel pentafluorosulfanyl-containing triclocarban analogs for their potential antibacterial efficacy. Standard procedures were used to produce pentafluorosulfanyl-containing triclocarban analogs.

Aging as a target for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common etiology of dementia in older adults, is projected to double in prevalence over the next few decades. Current treatments for AD manage symptoms or slow progressive decline, but are accompanied by significant inconvenience, risk, and cost. Thus, a better understanding of the risk factors and pathophysiology of AD is needed to develop novel prevention and treatment strategies.

An explainable machine learning model of cognitive decline derived from speech.

Introduction: Traditional Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screening lacks the sensitivity and timeliness required to detect subtle indicators of cognitive decline. Multimodal artificial intelligence technologies using only speech data promise improved detection of neurodegenerative disorders.

Methods: Speech collected over the telephone from 91 older participants who were cognitively healthy ( = 29) or had diagnoses of AD ( = 30) or amnestic MCI (aMCI;  = 32) was analyzed with multimodal natural language and speech processing methods.

The good, the bad, and the ugly of metals as antimicrobials.

We are now moving into the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) era where more antibiotic resistant bacteria are now the majority, a problem brought on by both misuse and over use of antibiotics. Unfortunately, the antibiotic development pipeline dwindled away over the past decades as they are not very profitable compounds for companies to develop. Regardless researchers over the past decade have made strides to explore alternative options and out of this we see revisiting historical infection control agents such as toxic metals.

Evaluation of effectiveness and safety of the CorPath GRX robotic system in endovascular embolization procedures of cerebral aneurysms.

Background: Robotic-assisted neurointervention was recently introduced, with implications that it could be used to treat neurovascular diseases.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the robotic-assisted platform CorPath GRX for treating cerebral aneurysms.

Methods: This prospective, international, multicenter study enrolled patients with brain aneurysms that required endovascular coiling and/or stent-assisted coiling.

Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome Analyzed by Quantitative Proteomics: A Comparison of Methods.

Multiple methods for quantitative proteomics are available for proteome profiling. It is unclear which methods are most useful in situations involving deep proteome profiling and the detection of subtle distortions in the proteome. Here, we compared the performance of seven different strategies in the analysis of a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome, involving the knockout of the gene that is the leading cause of autism spectrum disorder.

Safety and efficacy of eptifibatide in acute ischemic stroke requiring extracranial carotid artery stenting.

Background: The antiplatelet management in acute ischemic stroke requiring carotid artery stenting is heterogenous, with no clear guidelines to direct management.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an intravenous eptifibatide protocol in the management of acute ischemic stroke requiring emergent carotid artery stenting.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent carotid artery stenting for acute ischemic stroke at a high-volume tertiary neuroscience center, who were managed with an intravenous eptifibatide protocol.

A blood biomarker test for brain amyloid impacts the clinical evaluation of cognitive impairment.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine clinicians' patient selection and result interpretation of a clinically validated mass spectrometry test measuring amyloid beta and ApoE blood biomarkers combined with patient age (PrecivityAD® blood test) in symptomatic patients evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other causes of cognitive decline.

Methods: The Quality Improvement and Clinical Utility PrecivityAD Clinician Survey (QUIP I, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05477056) was a prospective, single-arm cohort study among 366 patients evaluated by neurologists and other cognitive specialists.

Sex and APOE ε4 carrier effects on atrophy, amyloid PET, and tau PET burden in early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: We used sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier status as predictors of pathologic burden in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).

Methods: We included baseline data from 77 cognitively normal (CN), 230 EOAD, and 70 EO non-Alzheimer's disease (EOnonAD) participants from the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS). We stratified each diagnostic group by males and females, then further subdivided each sex by APOE ε4 carrier status and compared imaging biomarkers in each stratification.

White matter hyperintensities are higher among early-onset Alzheimer's disease participants than their cognitively normal and early-onset nonAD peers: Longitudinal Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS).

Introduction: We compared white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) with cognitively normal (CN) and early-onset amyloid-negative cognitively impaired (EOnonAD) groups in the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study.

Methods: We investigated the role of increased WMH in cognition and amyloid and tau burden. We compared WMH burden of 205 EOAD, 68 EOnonAD, and 89 CN participants in lobar regions using t-tests and analyses of covariance.

Impact of Biogenic and Chemogenic Selenium Nanoparticles on Model Eukaryotic Lipid Membranes.

Microbial nanotechnology is an expanding research area devoted to producing biogenic metal and metalloid nanomaterials (NMs) using microorganisms. Often, biogenic NMs are explored as antimicrobial, anticancer, or antioxidant agents. Yet, most studies focus on their applications rather than the underlying mechanism of action or toxicity.