Local conditions have greater influence than provenance on sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) frost hardiness at its northern range limit.

In temperate and boreal ecosystems, trees undergo dormancy to avoid cold temperatures during the unfavorable season. This phase includes changes in frost hardiness, which is minimal during the growing season and reaches its maximum in winter. Quantifying frost hardiness is important to assess the frost risk and shifts of species distribution under a changing climate.

Thyroidectomy without radioiodine in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer: 5 years of follow-up of the prospective randomised ESTIMABL2 trial.

Background: ESTIMABL2, a multicentre randomised phase 3 trial in patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (ie, pT1am or pT1b, N0 [no evidence of regional nodal involvement] or Nx [involvement of regional lymph nodes that cannot be assessed in the absence of neck dissection]), showed the non-inferiority of a follow-up strategy without radioactive iodine (I) administration compared with a postoperative I administration at 3 years post-randomisation. Here, we report a pre-specified analysis after 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: Patients treated with total thyroidectomy with or without prophylactic neck lymph node dissection, without postoperative suspicious findings on neck ultrasonography, were randomly assigned to the no-radioiodine group or to the radioiodine group (1·1 GBq-30 mCi after recombinant human thyrotropin-stimulating hormone).

Enhanced Rock Weathering for Carbon Removal-Monitoring and Mitigating Potential Environmental Impacts on Agricultural Land.

Terrestrial enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is the application of pulverized silicate rock to soils for the purposes of carbon removal and improved soil health. Although a geochemical modeling framework for ERW in soils is emerging, there is a scarcity of experimental and field trial data exploring potential environmental impacts, risks, and monitoring strategies associated with this practice. This paper identifies potential negative consequences and positive cobenefits of ERW scale-up and suggests mitigation and monitoring strategies.

Inland water greenhouse gas emissions offset the terrestrial carbon sink in the northern cryosphere.

Climate-sensitive northern cryosphere inland waters emit greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, yet their total emissions remain poorly constrained. We present a data-driven synthesis of GHG emissions from northern cryosphere inland waters considering water body types, cryosphere zones, and seasonality. We find that annual GHG emissions are dominated by carbon dioxide ([Formula: see text] teragrams of CO; [Formula: see text]) and methane ([Formula: see text] teragrams of CH), while the nitrous oxide emission ([Formula: see text] gigagrams of NO) is minor.

Continuity of care during severe civil unrest with a model of community-based HIV care: a retrospective cohort study from Haiti.

Background: There are limited data on the effectiveness of differentiated service delivery (DSD) for HIV care during sociopolitical turmoil. We assessed outcomes with a DSD model of care that includes patient choice between community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres, home-based ART dispensing, or facility-based care at GHESKIO clinic during a period of severe civil unrest in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included data on patients with at least one HIV visit at GHESKIO between May 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021.

Ephemeral stream water contributions to United States drainage networks.

Ephemeral streams flow only in direct response to precipitation and are ubiquitous landscape features. However, little is known about their influence on downstream rivers. Here, we modeled ephemeral stream water contributions to the contiguous United States network of more than 20 million rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, finding that ephemeral streams contribute, on average, 55% of the discharge exported from regional river systems, as defined by the United States Geological Survey.

Impact of Nanoparticle-Based TiO Surfaces on Norovirus Capsids and Genome Integrity.

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are among the main causes of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. HuNoVs can survive for several days up to weeks at room temperature in the environment, on food, and on food handling and processing surfaces. As a result, this could lead to viral spread through the ingestion of food in contact with contaminated surfaces.

Summary and update on the management of differentiated thyroid cancer in 2023.

The 6-fold increase in the incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer over the past 30 years in industrialized countries can be mainly attributed to improved detection. At the same time, in addition to the excellent prognosis for low-risk cancers, improved survival in metastatic forms has been also reported, likely due to the progress made recently in the treatment of aggressive forms, for which there is now an extensive therapeutic arsenal. Today, clinical management of differentiated thyroid cancer represents a paradigm of precision oncology, with personalized, risk-adapted therapeutic strategies.

IN-PATIENT PNEUMONIA BURDEN AND CASE FATALITY RATES IN CHILDREN OVER TWO DECADES IN FEDERAL TEACHING HOSPITAL, GOMBE (FTHG).

Introduction: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children globally accounting for an estimated 1.2 million (18%) total deaths annually. The number of childhood-related deaths from pneumonia is approximately 2000-fold higher in developing than in developed countries.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC TREND AND CASE FATALITY OF CHILDHOOD TETANUS IN FEDERAL TEACHING HOSPITAL GOMBE; A 20YEARS REVIEW.

Introduction: Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease, it remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in both neonatal and post-neonatal periods, especially in developing countries with limited health facilities and inadequate vaccination. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) is 13.2% globally, highest in the neonatal period and in sub-Saharan Africa.

REVEALING THE VARIED REALITY OF MALARIA-RELATED DEATHS IN CHILDREN ACROSS GENDER, AGE, AND ETHNICITY IN FEDERAL TEACHING HOSPITAL GOMBE OVER 20 YEARS: AN ESSENTIAL EPIDEMIOLOGIC IMPERATIVE.

Introduction: Nigeria recorded 31% of 619,000 malaria deaths globally and accounts for 25-30% of all childhood mortality in the country. Few studies in Nigeria, have reported malaria's case fatality rate over a long period.

Objective: To determine Malaria Case Fatality Rate among Children admitted from 2000-2019.

CASE FATALITY RATE OF CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS: EXPERIENCE FROM FEDERAL TEACHING HOSPITAL GOMBE: A TWO DECADE REVIEW.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) was the leading cause of death from an infectious agent worldwide, until the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, ranking above HIV/AIDS. Nigeria ranks 6th among the 30 TB high-burden countries (TB, TB/HIV, DRTB) and 1st in Africa. The estimated case fatality rate (CFR) of TB in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is 15%.

Making the case for an International Decade of Radiocarbon.

Radiocarbon (C) is a critical tool for understanding the global carbon cycle. During the Anthropocene, two new processes influenced C in atmospheric, land and ocean carbon reservoirs. First, C-free carbon derived from fossil fuel burning has diluted C, at rates that have accelerated with time.

A special issue preface: Radiocarbon in the Anthropocene.

The Anthropocene is defined by marked acceleration in human-induced perturbations to the Earth system. Anthropogenic emissions of CO and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and attendant changes to the global carbon cycle are among the most profound and pervasive of these perturbations. Determining the magnitude, nature and pace of these carbon cycle changes is crucial for understanding the future climate that ecosystems and humanity will experience and need to respond to.

Microbial activity contributes to spatial heterogeneity of wetland methane fluxes.

The emission of methane from wetlands is spatially heterogeneous, as concurrently measured surface fluxes can vary by orders of magnitude within the span of a few meters. Despite extensive study and the climatic significance of these emissions, it remains unclear what drives large, within-site variations. While geophysical factors (e.

Global methane emissions from rivers and streams.

Methane (CH) is a potent greenhouse gas and its concentrations have tripled in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution. There is evidence that global warming has increased CH emissions from freshwater ecosystems, providing positive feedback to the global climate. Yet for rivers and streams, the controls and the magnitude of CH emissions remain highly uncertain.

Prognostic factors for significant 6-month recovery in dysthyroid optic neuropathy in a tertiary center: A series of 69 eyes in 38 patients.

Purpose: To identify initial features associated with significant recovery in patients with Graves' disease dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) treated according to EUGOGO guidelines by intravenous glucocorticoids (ivGC) and decompression surgery in first and second-line, respectively.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients referred to our expert multidisciplinary consultation over a 6-year period underwent systematic exploration: endocrine assessment, ophthalmic examination and radiological exploration. Visual recovery, based on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and visual field (VF), were evaluated at baseline, 1week and 6months.

Aquatic biomass is a major source to particulate organic matter export in large Arctic rivers.

Arctic rivers provide an integrated signature of the changing landscape and transmit signals of change to the ocean. Here, we use a decade of particulate organic matter (POM) compositional data to deconvolute multiple allochthonous and autochthonous pan-Arctic and watershed-specific sources. Constraints from carbon-to-nitrogen ratios (C:N), δC, and ΔC signatures reveal a large, hitherto overlooked contribution from aquatic biomass.

Outcome and prognostic factors for pituitary carcinomas: lessons from a systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was toinvestigate the clinicopathological characteristics at the initial diagnosis of the pituitary tumor and at pituitary carcinoma (PC) diagnosis, alongside with the management and outcomes of PCs, and identify potential prognostic factors and therapeutic strategies associated with the clinical outcome.

Methods: PubMed was searched in May 2021 for articles in English and French reporting PCs, the diagnosis of which was made on the presence of metastases. The cases without histological proof and with either another cancer present or an atypical history for a pituitary tumor were excluded.

Impact of Capsid and Genomic Integrity Tests on Norovirus Extraction Recovery Rates.

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading pathogen responsible for food-borne illnesses. However, both infectious and non-infectious HuNoV can be detected by RT-qPCR. This study evaluated the efficiency of different capsid integrity treatments coupled with RT-qPCR or a long-range viral RNA (long RT-qPCR) detection to reduce the recovery rates of heat inactivated noroviruses and fragmented RNA.

River ecosystem metabolism and carbon biogeochemistry in a changing world.

River networks represent the largest biogeochemical nexus between the continents, ocean and atmosphere. Our current understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle remains limited, which makes it difficult to predict how global change may alter the timing and spatial distribution of riverine carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions. Here we review the state of river ecosystem metabolism research and synthesize the current best available estimates of river ecosystem metabolism.

Inhibition of activin signalling reduces the growth of LβT2 gonadotroph pituitary tumours in mouse.

Pituitary tumours are benign neoplasms that derive from hormone-producing cells of the pituitary gland. While medical treatments have emerged for most subtypes, gonadotroph tumours that express follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and/or luteinizing hormone still lack therapeutic options apart from surgery and radiotherapy. Activin ligands are physiological regulators of production and secretion of FSH by gonadotroph cells, but their role in gonadotroph tumourigenesis remains little explored.

The early bud gets the cold: Diverging spring phenology drives exposure to late frost in a Picea mariana [(Mill.) BSP] common garden.

Under climate change, the increasing occurrence of late frost combined with advancing spring phenology can increase the risk of frost damage in trees. In this study, we tested the link between intra-specific variability in bud phenology and frost exposure and damages. We analysed the effects of the 2021 late frost event in a black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.