Hypoxia Dysregulates the Transcription of Myoendothelial Junction Proteins Involved with Nitric Oxide Production in Brain Endothelial Cells.

Myoendothelial junctions (MEJs) are structures that allow chemical signals to be transmitted between endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells, which control vascular tone. MEJs contain hemoglobin alpha (Hbα) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) complexes that appear to control the production and scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) along with the activity of cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3). The aim of this study was to examine how hypoxia affected the regulation of proteins involved in the production of NO in brain ECs.

Long COVID: Is there a kidney link?

Metabolic causes such as altered bioenergetics and amino acid metabolism may play a major role in Long COVID. Renal-metabolic regulation is an integral part of these pathways but has not been systematically or routinely investigated in Long COVID. Here we discuss the biochemistry of renal tubular injury as it may contribute to Long COVID symptoms.

Cerebral salt wasting after traumatic brain injury: a review of the literature.

Electrolyte imbalances are common among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is an electrolyte imbalance characterized by hyponatremia and hypovolemia. Differentiating the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone and CSW remains difficult and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CSW are unclear.

Vasopressin receptor antagonist use in a neurologic rehabilitation center.

Background/objective: To report successful use of a modified protocol of vasopressin receptor antagonist for effective and safe treatment of hyponatremia in a complexly ill patient in the neurorehabilitation setting.

Design: Case report.

Participants/methods: A 57-year-old man with tetraparesis and protracted hyponatremia resistant to standard therapies.

Mass spectrometry analysis of urine and catheter of a patient with purple urinary bag syndrome.

Introduction: Purple urinary bag syndrome (PUBS) is considered to be a benign condition observed in the urinary catheter and bag in some catheterized patients with urinary tract infections. This syndrome is usually reported to occur in alkaline urine.

Case Report: We report of a catheterized patient with PUBS and slightly acidic urine (pH 6-6.