Mapping the Path to Cognitive Balance: Applying the States of Mind Model and Network Analysis to Eating Disorder Patients.

: In eating disorders (EDs), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) represents one of the first-line treatment options albeit with sub-optimal results. The assessment of cognitive balance through an index measuring increased adaptive thinking and reduced maladaptive thinking, the desired outcomes, and the ultimate goal of CBT treatments warrants attention. The states of mind model (SOM) provides a framework through which a cognitive balance index can be defined.

Effectiveness of Outpatient Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Over One Decade.

Objective: The aim of this article was to explore the effectiveness of rational emotive and cognitive-behavioral therapy (REBT) in a clinical setting.

Methods: This study included 349 patients of the Albert Ellis Institute who sought psychotherapy from 2007 to 2016. Analyses were conducted by using the intent-to-treat principle, and outcomes were measured after three sessions of therapy (to measure early response) and at the end of 20 sessions.

Do metacognitions mediate the relationship between irrational beliefs, eating disorder symptoms and cognitive reappraisal?

Cognitively oriented therapies, first-line treatment for eating disorders (EDs), still show room for improvement in treatment retention and outcomes. Despite the development of additional cognitive models and therapies, few studies examine the relationship between traditional and third-wave cognitive targets in EDs. The study explores the relationship between irrational beliefs (IBs) and metacognitions and their relationship with ED psychopathology and cognitive reappraisal in ED outpatients.

Irrational Beliefs, Cognitive Distortions, and Depressive Symptomatology in a College-Age Sample: A Mediational Analysis.

Dysfunctional cognitions such as irrational beliefs (IBs) of Ellis' rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) model and cognitive distortions (CDs) or cognitive errors from Beck's cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) model are known to correlate with depressive symptomatology. However, most studies focus on one cognitive theoretical model in predicting psychopathology. The current study examined the relationship between both IBs and CDs in predicting depression.

Anger and aggression treatments: a review of meta-analyses.

In the last several decades, researchers have begun to recognize dysregulated anger as a common and debilitating psychological problem among various psychiatric populations. Accordingly, the treatment of anger and aggression has received increasing attention in the literature. The current article reviews existing meta-analyses of psychosocial intervention for anger and aggression with the aims of (1) synthesizing current research evidence for these interventions, and (2) identifying interventions characteristics associated with effectiveness in specific populations of interest.

Defining and measuring irritability: Construct clarification and differentiation.

Irritability is a symptom of 15 disorders in the DSM-5 and is included in Mood Disorders, Addictive Disorders, Personality Disorders, and more (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). However, the term irritability is defined and measured inconsistently in the scholarly literature. In this article, we reviewed the scholarly definitions of irritability and the item content of irritability measures.

You are such a bad child! Appraisals as mechanisms of parental negative and positive affect.

Although parent cognitions are considered important predictors that determine specific emotional reactions and parental practices, models on the cognitive strategies for regulating parental distress or positive emotions are not well developed. Our aim was to investigate the nature of cognitions involved in parental distress and satisfaction, in terms of their specificity (parental or general) and their processing levels (inferential or evaluative cognitions). We hypothesized that parent's specific evaluative cognitions will mediate the impact of more general and inferential cognitive structures on their affective reactions.

Developing a clinical typology of dysfunctional anger.

Background: This study attempted to validate a clinical typology of dysfunctional anger proposed by DiGiuseppe and Tafrate (2007) using assessment data obtained from 197 participants assessed at an outpatient clinic for anger problems.

Methods: Several self-report scales assessing anger, hostility, impulsivity and aggression, as well as a structured interview regarding anger experience and expression, were administered; Axis I and II comorbidity were assessed using clinical assessment and the SCID-II PQ.

Results: We found support for four of the proposed eight types described by DiGiuseppe and Tafrate - Pervasive Dysfunctional Anger, Impulsive Type; Pervasive Dysfunctional Anger, Mixed Type; Impulsive Aggressive Dysfunctional Anger; and Suppressed Dysfunctional Anger - with significant, predicted group differences on self-report measures of anger, aggression, and impulsivity, as well as differences in Axis I and II diagnoses.

The comorbidity of anger symptoms with personality disorders in psychiatric outpatients.

Objectives: Although many psychiatric disorders are "emotional" disorders, no disorders exist for which dysfunctional anger is a necessary feature. This study examined whether dysfunctional anger could be considered a diagnosis independent from Personality Disorders.

Design: We analyzed data on 1,158 psychiatric outpatients who underwent a semi-structured interview for Axis II disorders and ascertained the co-occurrence of dysfunctional anger and Personality Disorders.

An open trial of a comprehensive anger treatment program on an outpatient sample.

Background: This pilot study was designed to investigate the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral treatment for anger.

Method: Twelve (5 men and 7 women) outpatient adults completed 2-hour group sessions for 16 sessions. Participants were diagnosed with 29 Axis I and 34 Axis II disorders with high rates of comorbidity.

Immersiveness and physiological arousal within panoramic video-based virtual reality.

In this paper, we discuss findings from a study that used panoramic video-based virtual environments (PVVEs) to induce self-reported anger. The study assessed "immersiveness" and physiological correlates of anger arousal (i.e.

The roles of sex, gender, and coping in adolescent depression.

This study investigated the roles of coping and masculinity in higher rates of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls, as compared to boys. A model was designed and tested through path analysis, which involved the variables of sex, gender, problem-focused coping, rumination, and distraction. The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale and the Bem Sex Role Inventory, as well as a measure of coping with general stressors was completed by 246 adolescents.

Clinicians' diagnosis of a case with anger problems.

Psychiatrists and psychologists responded to case vignettes to assess the prevalence, severity, and diagnostic confidence clinicians had concerning treating anger disordered clients compared with clients with generalized anxiety disorder. Five hundred and forty-two clinicians (a response rate of 30%) assessed one of two matched case histories by mail. One described generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the other a case of anger disorder (AD).