Impact of number of passes and futile reperfusion in basilar artery occlusion acute ischaemic stroke.

Introduction: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard of care in anterior circulation large vessel occlusion. A vital modifiable factor is successful reperfusion. While multiple passes improve the rates of successful reperfusion, previous studies have reported progressively diminishing returns.

Pre-existing dementia is associated with 2-3 folds risk for in-hospital mortality and complications after intracerebral hemorrhage stroke.

Background: Pre-existing dementia was related to poor functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and its commonly underlying pathologies were considered as cerebral amyloid angiopathy. But the impact of pre-existing dementia on in-hospital mortality in Chinese ICH patients has not been well characterized.

Objective: To investigate the association between pre-existing dementia and in-hospital mortality after ICH.

Plasma NOTCH3 and the risk of cardiovascular recurrence in patients with ischemic stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke patients are more prone to developing another cardiovascular event.

Aim: This study aims to examine potential biological predispositions to cardiovascular recurrence in patients with ischemic stroke.

Design: Human and preclinical studies.

Etiologies, mechanisms, and risk factors of ischemic stroke in a young Asian adult cohort.

Objectives: Risk factors and causes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are more diverse in young adults, and traditional stroke classifications may be inadequate. Precise characterisation of AIS is important for guiding management and prognostication. We describe stroke subtypes, risk factors and etiologies for AIS in a young Asian adult population.

Impact of atrial fibrillation on the treatment effect of bridging thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy: a multicenter international cohort study.

Background: The role of bridging intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains debatable. Atrial fibrillation (AF) associated strokes may be associated with reduced treatment effect from IVT. This study compares the effect of bridging IVT in AF and non-AF patients.

Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy masquerading as tuberculosis of the central nervous system: a case series.

We describe the case history of three patients with meningoencephalitis who were initially treated for presumed tuberculous meningoencephalitis before being diagnosed with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy. We highlight the overlapping clinical features between autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy and tuberculous meningoencephalitis and the challenges in early diagnosis, as both entities respond to an initial course of steroids accompanying antituberculous medications. Early evaluation of GFAP-immunoglobulin G in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients who present with aseptic meningoencephalitis could reveal autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy, which responds favorably to immunotherapy.

Long-term outcomes of ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes in a multi-ethnic cohort in Singapore.

Introduction: Diabetes increases the risk of ischaemic stroke especially among Asians. This study aims to investigate contemporaneous long-term cardiovascular outcomes of ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.

Methods: Consecutive patients with ischaemic stroke were recruited from the National University Hospital, Singapore.

Temporal Trends and Patient Characteristics Associated With Drug Utilisation After First-Ever Stroke: Insights From Chronic Disease Registry Data in Singapore.

Introduction: Data on drug utilisation among stroke patients of Asian ethnicities are lacking. The objectives of the study were to examine the temporal trends and patient characteristics associated with prescription of thrombolytic, antithrombotic and statin medications among patients with first-ever stroke.

Materials And Methods: First-ever ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke patients admitted to 2 Singapore tertiary hospitals between 2010‒2014 were included.

Genotype-guided versus traditional clinical dosing of warfarin in patients of Asian ancestry: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Genotype-guided warfarin dosing has been shown in some randomized trials to improve anticoagulation outcomes in individuals of European ancestry, yet its utility in Asian patients remains unresolved.

Methods: An open-label, non-inferiority, 1:1 randomized trial was conducted at three academic hospitals in South East Asia, involving 322 ethnically diverse patients newly indicated for warfarin (NCT00700895). Clinical follow-up was 90 days.

Products of 5-lipoxygenase and myeloperoxidase activities are increased in young male cigarette smokers.

The significance of 5-lipoxygenase and myeloperoxidase activities has not been extensively studied among young male smokers. Leukotriene B(4), 20-hydroxy-leukotriene B(4), 20-carboxy-leukotriene B(4) and 3-chlorotyrosine were measured in plasma and urinary samples of young male smokers at 8 hours following cigarette abstinence and an hour after cigarette smoking. Leukotriene B(4) and 3-chlorotyrosine were determined in neutrophils isolated from these individuals.

Markers of oxidative damage are not elevated in otherwise healthy individuals with the metabolic syndrome.

Objective: The role of oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome is poorly understood.

Research Design And Methods: A detailed cross-sectional study was performed to assess the relationship between lipid oxidation products, gamma-glutamyltransferase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and phospholipase activities with respect to the metabolic status in a cohort of otherwise healthy individuals.

Results: A total of 179 individuals (87 men and 92 women) aged 43 +/- 14 years (mean +/- SD) participated in this study.