Mathematical modeling and mechanical and histopathological testing of porous prosthetic pylon for direct skeletal attachment.

This article presents recent results in the development of the skin and bone integrated pylon (SBIP) intended for direct skeletal attachment of limb prostheses. In our previous studies of the porous SBIP-1 and SBIP-2 prototypes, the bond site between the porous pylons and residuum bone and skin did not show the inflammation characteristically observed when solid pylons are used. At the same time, porosity diminished the strength of the pylon.

Prevention of third molar development in dog with long pulse diode laser: a preliminary report.

Introduction: Wisdom teeth continue to plague man with a high rate of frequency. It may be possible to prevent their development in children at an early age with a non- or minimally invasive technique, even before the tooth begins to form, by treating the soft tissue overlying the site of their development. A previous study that treated the intra-oral soft tissues of newborn rats with a 20 watt diode laser stopped third molar development up to 80% of the time with minimum observable side effects.

Intravascular imaging of atherosclerotic human coronaries in a porcine model: a feasibility study.

Objectives: To perform intravascular imaging of atherosclerotic human coronary conduits in an animal model under conditions of flow and cardiac motion that approximate those encountered in vivo.

Background: Given the lack of animal models of vulnerable plaque, a model which would allow imaging of human disease and simulate coronary motion and blood flow could advance the development of emerging technologies to detect vulnerable plaques.

Methods: Human coronary segments from adult cadaver hearts were prepared as xenografts.

Evaluation of a unique bovine collagen matrix for soft tissue repair and reinforcement.

Veritas Collagen Matrix, a product of Synovis Surgical Innovations, is derived from bovine pericardium. It can be used for a number of applications including body wall repair and replacement. In this study, we evaluated its efficacy as an adhesion barrier in a rabbit model of uterine horn surgery.

Prevention of third molar tooth development in neonate rat with a long pulse diode laser.

Background And Objectives: Third molars (wisdom teeth) in humans have limited functional value and cause a high frequency of morbidity. A window of opportunity exists to stop their development. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether a long pulse diode laser can selectively prevent third molar development in a rat animal model.

Selectively preventing development of third molars in rats using electrosurgical energy.

Background: Third molars are teeth with questionable value. People who never develop third molars avoid confronting the disease and pain these teeth often cause. Since third molars do not begin to develop until children are approximately five years of age, a window of opportunity exists to therapeutically prevent this tooth's development.

Comparison of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine with commercially available topical hemostats for achieving hemostasis in coagulopathic models of splenic hemorrhage.

Background: The hemostatic quality of the poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (p-GlcNAc) patch was compared with a fibrin sealant, fibrin bandage, and cellulose patch.

Methods: A 2 x 2-cm capsular strip to a depth of 3 mm of the swine spleen was used as a source of bleeding. Splenic lacerations were created in hemophilia B dogs and treated with p-GlcNAc and Surgicel.

Application of the poly-N-acetyl glucosamine-derived rapid deployment hemostat trauma dressing in severe/lethal Swine hemorrhage trauma models.

Background: The Rapid Deployment Hemostat (RDH) Bandage was developed for the rapid control of bleeding caused by trauma.

Methods: An extremity wound involving skin, muscle, bone, and femoral arterial injury and a 1-cm vertical incision in the abdominal aorta in swine were studied to compare the RDH Bandage, a fibrin sealant dressing and gauze to restore hemostasis. The total blood loss was determined and the survival of animals was measured.

Comparison of structural and hemostatic properties of the poly-N-acetyl glucosamine Syvek Patch with products containing chitosan.

Polysaccharides are becoming increasingly developed as therapeutics and medical products, as the new field of Glycomics expands. Glycosaminoglycans that contain N-acetyl glucosamine constituents have been the focus of research leading to medical devices. A new hemostatic bandage, the Syvek Patch, has been introduced in the recent past for the control of bleeding at vascular access sites in interventional cardiology and radiology procedures.

The effect of osteogenic protein-1 in instrumented and noninstrumented posterolateral fusion in rabbits.

Background Context: The use of rigid instrumentation combined with bone graft makes intuitive sense given the requirements for vascular ingrowth, bone formation and a stable environment for the cellular events of healing to develop. However, with the advances of potent osteoinductive growth factors, the role of internal fixation may come into question. Whether bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) would benefit from a more "stable" spinal segment for bone production and modeling remains unknown.

The RDH bandage: hemostasis and survival in a lethal aortotomy hemorrhage model.

Background: The Rapid Deployment Hemostat (RDH) Bandage has been designed in collaboration with the Office of Naval Research for the treatment of bleeding because of extremity trauma. It is intended as both a battlefield and civilian severe trauma wound dressing. It consists of a specific formulation of Marine Polymer Technologies' proprietary hemostatic polymer poly-N-acetyl glucosamine, and has received FDA clearance.

Laparoscopic devascularization of the lower esophagus and upper stomach: experimental study in the pig.

Background: Esophagogastric devascularization is an alternative treatment for bleeding gastroesophageal varices. The aim of this experimental study was to develop an approach for laparoscopic devascularization of the lower esophagus and upper stomach.

Materials And Methods: We used six swine pigs weighing 25 to 25 kg.

Corticotropin-releasing hormone and brain mast cells regulate blood-brain-barrier permeability induced by acute stress.

Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through release of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), leading to production of glucocorticoids that down-regulate immune responses. Acute stress, however, also has proinflammatory effects that seem to be mediated through the activation of mast cells. Stress and mast cells have been implicated in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory conditions, including some in the central nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis in which disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) precedes clinical symptoms.

Evaluation of a new ultrasound contrast agent (AI-700) using two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging during acute ischemia.

Background: A new intravenous contrast agent, AI-700, was evaluated to determine whether a bolus injection could be used to detect myocardial perfusion abnormalities during acute ischemia by using 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) myocardial contrast echocardiography.

Methods: 2D MCE was performed in 14 closed-chest dogs during coronary occlusion by using both continuous and triggered gray scale harmonic imaging and triggered power Doppler imaging. 3D MCE (open-chest) and nuclear perfusion imaging were performed in 10 of the 14 dogs.