The Development of Nonthermal Plasma and Tirapazamine as a Novel Combination Therapy to Treat Melanoma In Situ.

Although melanoma accounts for only 5.3% of skin cancer, it results in >75% of skin-cancer-related deaths. To avoid disfiguring surgeries on the head and neck associated with surgical excision, there is a clear unmet need for other strategies to selectively remove cutaneous melanoma lesions.

Effect of genotype of growing rabbits on productive performance with special reference to residual feed intake at hot temperature.

Objective: Better feed efficiency can be achieved by selecting rabbit genotypes with lower residual feed intake (RFI) under high ambient temperatures.

Methods: Two genotypes of rabbits (Jabali, Saudi local breed and imported, Spanish V-line) were used to derive RFI and to investigate the relationship between RFI and productive traits. In total, 250 animals (125 each) were housed in individual wire mesh cages in a semi-closed rabbitry.

Effect of genotype and egg weight on hatchability properties and embryonic mortality pattern of native chicken populations.

Fertility and hatchability are 2 major parameters that highly influence the reproductive performance of chicken breeds. The objective of this study is to investigate how the genetic background of chickens affects the aspects of fertility, hatchability, and embryonic mortality pattern. Six different native chicken genotypes (black, black-barred, brown, gray, naked neck, and frizzle) kept under similar conditions were evaluated.

Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received -Supplemented Diets.

The current perspective is a pioneering trial to assess the efficacy of the dietary supplementation of powder (AVP) in the diet of Nile tilapia () on growth performance, blood picture, hepatic and renal biomarkers, immune status, and serum and tissue antioxidant capacity and to investigate the resistance against challenge. Fish ( = 360) were distributed into six groups (three replicates each) and received increasing AVP supplementation levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g kg) for 60 days. Furthermore, fish were exposed to the bacterial challenge of a virulent strain and maintained under observation for 12 days.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Red Seaweed for the Elimination of Organic Toxic Dye from an Aqueous Solution.

This study aims to produce green zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) derived from red seaweed () and evaluate their potential to absorb Ismate violet 2R (IV2R) ions from an aqueous solution. UV-vis spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET) were used to analyze the structural, morphological, and optical features of the synthesized nanoparticles. The change in color of the chemical solution revealed the formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Paediatric Trigger-Locked Thumb.

Paediatric trigger-locked thumb (PT-LT) is a common paediatric thumb condition. It is an acquired flexion deformity of the interphalangeal joint because of a size mismatch between an enlarged flexor pollicis longus tendon and a stenotic oblique pulley. It may present clinically as paediatric locked thumb which is more common or infrequently as paediatric trigger thumb.

Surgical Treatment for Recurrent Dupuytren Disease.

Background: Revision procedures for recurrent Dupuytren disease (DD) can be difficult and carry a high risk of complications. Our goal was to describe surgical strategies used for cases of recurrence and report on their outcomes.

Methods: We reviewed 1 surgeon's operative cases for recurrent DD performed at 1 institution.

How to best estimate the viscosity of lipid bilayers.

The viscosity of lipid bilayers is a property relevant to biological function, as it affects the diffusion of membrane macromolecules. To determine its value, and hence portray the membrane, various literature-reported techniques lead to significantly different results. Herein we compare the results issuing from two widely used techniques to determine the viscosity of membranes: the Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM), and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP).

Dorsoradial Capsulodesis for Stage I Trapeziometacarpal Joint Arthrosis.

Background: Thumb trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint arthrosis is a common cause of thumb pain, which adversely affects hand function. Early arthrosis is characterized by capsular laxity, painful pinch and grip, and physical findings of joint tenderness and laxity. Dorsoradial capsulodesis (DRC) is a surgical technique used to stabilize the TM joint and treat early-stage arthrosis.

Distal Radius Fracture Fixation Devices and Their Radiographs.

Distal radius fractures are among the most common fractures encountered in orthopedic practices. If treated operatively, most implants are retained after the fracture heals unless there is hardware failure, limitation of wrist motion, pain, infection, tendon rupture, or tenosynovitis. Complications have been reported during hardware removal, including not knowing the exact implant prior to its removal.

Congenital Thumb-Index Web Space Deficiency.

There are several congenital hand differences that cause thumb-index (TI) web space deficiency. There is a knowledge gap in the literature about the hand differences that are associated with TI web space deficiency. We aimed to identify these congenital differences and the various specific reconstructive surgical procedures that are used for these conditions.

Axial Rotation Test for Trapeziometacarpal Joint Hypermobility in the Normal Population.

Background: The objective was to quantify joint laxity in healthy volunteers by measuring the passive axial rotation of the trapeziometacarpal joint using the axial rotation test.

Methods: Eighty volunteers (34 men and 46 women) were subjected to the axial rotation shear test and the degree of total rotational motion (TRM) was assessed. Volunteers were divided into Group I with a range of 18-50 years old and Group II for 51 years and older.

Anatomy of the Volar Retinacular Elements of the Hand: A Unified Nomenclature.

Many investigators have described the anatomy of the volar retinacular structures of the hand over the last 60 years. As a result, multiple terms have been assigned to 1 anatomical structure and 1 name designated to more than 1 structure. Our purpose is to review the detailed anatomy and key components of the volar retinacular elements of the hand, their etymology, and their most recent descriptions.

Amniotic Constriction Bands: Secondary Deformities and Their Treatments.

Background: The purpose of this study was to report the surgical treatment experience of patients with amniotic constriction bands (ACB) over a 35-year interval and detail consequential limb deformities with emphasis on hands and upper extremities, along with the nature and frequency of their surgical treatment methods.

Methods: Fifty-one patients were identified; 26 were males and 25 females. The total number of deformities was listed.

Survey of Hand and Upper Extremity Injuries Among Rock Climbers.

Background: Rock climbing first evolved as a sport in the late 18th century. With its growing popularity, the number of rock climbing-related injuries has potential to increase, spurring a rise in the number of articles associated with it. Despite the available literature, there remains a paucity of information about upper extremity injuries sustained by rock climbers, and no studies to date have focused on gender-specific injuries.

Extensor Tendon Instability Due to Sagittal Band Injury in a Martial Arts Athlete: A Case Report.

A Taekwondo participant sustained a hand injury from punching an opponent that resulted in painful instability of the ring finger extensor digitorum communis tendon due to sagittal band damage. His symptoms resolved after reconstructive surgery on the sagittal band (SB) with stabilization of the extensor tendon over the metacarpophalangeal joint.

Efficacy of Dorsoradial Capsulodesis for Trapeziometacarpal Joint Instability: A Cadaver Study.

Purpose: To test the biomechanical properties of the dorsoradial capsulodesis procedure.

Methods: Six cadaveric hands were used. After exposing the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint, we placed Kirschner wires in the distal radius and thumb metacarpal.

Hand and Wrist Injuries in Boxing and the Martial Arts.

Hand and wrist injuries in martial arts are typically a reflection of the combat nature of this discipline. In striking sports, the axial load mechanism of injury is common and causes fractures and dislocations; in grappling sports, sprain injuries and degenerative changes predominate. There is clear evidence to support that hand protection reduces the risk of hand injury.

Characterization of a Biomimetic Mesophase Composed of Nonionic Surfactants and an Aqueous Solvent.

We have investigated the physical and biomimetic properties of a sponge (L) phase composed of pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (CE), a nonionic surfactant, an aqueous solvent, and a cosurfactant. The following cosurfactants, commonly used for solubilizing membrane proteins, were incorporated: n-octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (β-OG), n-dodecyl-β-d-maltopyranoside (DDM), 4-cyclohexyl-1-butyl-β-d-maltoside (CYMAL-4), and 5-cyclohexyl-1-pentyl-β-d-maltoside (CYMAL-5). Partial phase diagrams of these systems were created.

Preoperative Surgical Discussion and Information Retention by Patients.

Background: To assess how much information communicated to patients is understood and retained after preoperative discussion of upper extremity procedures.

Methods: A prospective study was designed by recruiting patients prior to undergoing upper extremity surgical procedures after a detailed discussion of their operative technique, postoperative care and treatment outcomes. Patients were given the same 20-item questionnaire to fill out twice, at two pre operative visits.

Effect of long-term selection for egg production on eggshell quality of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).

An experiment was conducted to evaluate egg quality and ultrastuctural measurements of eggshell using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in 2 lines (selected and control) of Japanese quail. A selection program was applied over 22 consecutive generations for higher egg production and lower broken egg percentage. The results revealed that the females of the selected line produced significantly (P < 0.

Radiographic Assessment of the Robert and Lateral Views in Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthrosis.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Robert view in assessing trapeziometacarpal arthrosis and to compare the accuracy of the Robert and lateral views in staging trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint arthrosis.

Methods: Patient demographics were obtained. Four participating raters reviewed 62 randomly selected thumb x-rays of patients presenting with thumb TM joint pain.