Human oligodendrocytes derived from embryonic stem cells: Effect of noggin on phenotypic differentiation in vitro and on myelination in vivo.

In attempts to produce mature oligodendrocytes from human embryonic stem (huES) cells, we searched conditions inducing transcription factors Olig1/2, as well as Nkx2.2 and Sox10, which are needed for maturation. This was obtained by retinoic acid treatment followed by noggin, an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs).